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(💐#New) Share & React Below
✅ Electrolytic Cells and Electrolysis
✍️ Electrolysis is a process of passing a direct current through the electrodes to achieve a chemical reaction. It is not possible to achieve a chemical reaction when the chosen electrolyte is in a solid-state.
✍️ Aqua regia also known as royal water is a yellow-orange mixture of concentrated nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in the ratio 1:3. It is used by an alchemist to dissolve noble metals like gold and silver.
✍️ Electrodes which do not take part in the chemical reaction during electrolysis are known as inert electrodes. Gold, silver and graphite do not take part in the process, but graphite is preferred because gold and silver electrodes are expensive.
✍️ In the electrolysis of NaCl, if the electrolyte is molten NaCl, then the only ions formed after dissociation are Na+ and Cl– ions. The cathode being a negatively charged electrode attracts the positive Na+ ions and neutralizes it to form Sodium metal.
✍️ Na2SO4 dissociates into Na+ and SO42- ions in the electrolysis of aqueous Na2SO4. Na+ has much lower reduction potential than water and hence Na+ ions are not reduced at the cathode. Instead, reduction of water occurs giving out hydrogen gas at the cathode.
✍️ In the electrolysis of aqueous CuSO4, Cu2+, SO42+, H+ and OH– are the ions formed after dissociation. Copper ions have much higher reduction potential than water. Hence, these ions are easily reduced and deposited as Cu at the cathode.
✍️ Electroplating is a process that uses direct electric current to carry metal ions from anode and carry them through the electrolyte containing the metal ion to the cathode to get a coherent metal coating.
✍️ The electrolyte in electrolysis should contain the metal to be coated, gold in this case. AuCN is used because it is exceptionally stable and doesn’t resist the flow of Au+ ions from anode to cathode.
✍️ The two electrodes that are used in a Daniell cell are zinc (as anode) and copper (as cathode) electrodes which are dipped in a solution containing its own ions, generally zinc sulphate and copper sulphate.
✍️ Yes, the distance between the electrodes is directly proportional to the resistance between them. As the distance between the two electrodes increases, the resistance offered by the electrolyte increases and therefore reduces the voltage between them.
👍 1
🌟Trick for S.A. , S.B & W.A , W.B🌟
👉STRONG ACID💪
Remember 7 strong acid...
Out of those, 4 acid are made up of halogen so it is simple
eg. HCl, HBr, HI , HF
For remaining 3 acid, remember the subscipts 2,3,4 eg. H2SO4 , HCLO3, HCLO4
And all types of salt
It works for me❤️
👉WEAK ACID 🫠
Those acid who don't comes under the 7 names of above strong acid can be considered as weak acid... They includes oxyacids of P and many more
👉STRONG BASE 💪
Any soluble salt that contains hydroxide are strong base
ALL ALKALI METAL HYDROXIDE except - Ba(OH)2
Alkali metal = group 1 members
👉WEAK BASE 🫠
ALL ALKALINE EARTH METAL HYDROXIDE except Ba(OH)2 ,all organic base.
Alkaline earth metals - group -2 members
Some Important Points :
🌟BORON :
•In casting of copper as a dioxidizer
•Boron rods used in automic reactor.
•Boron fiber used in bullet proof jacket,
•In composite material of aircraft
•Used in braintumer therapy.
🌟 BORAX :
•As a flux for soldring metal.
•In borex bead test
•In softning of water
•Antiseptic
•Manufacturing of enamels of glazes, tiles.
•For making optical and borosilicals SS.
•Food preservative
🌟ALUMINIUM :
• Making house hold, untensils, frames, roof,aircrafts.
• Electric wire.
•Thermite process (In metallurgy of Cr, Mn, Fe)
•For transportin nitric acid.
•AI, Hg used as reducing agent.
•Aluminium powder + Ammonium nitrate.
⚡LEAD [Pb] :
•In making telegraph and telephone wires
•Making bullets
•Making chamber in HSO, process.
⚡️NITROGEN :
•In the manufacturing of HNO3, NH3, CaCN2.
•Liquid nitrogen used as refrigrant.
•Inert atmosphere in metallurgy.
•Gas thermometer and electrical bulb
⚡️NH3 :
• Refrigeration
•Manufacturing HNO3, NaHCO3
•Artificial Silk.
• Urea Formation
•For solvent
⚡️HNO3 :
• Manufacturing of ammonium nitrateas fertilizer.
•In explosive
• For making nitroglycerine.
• Making TNT.
• Pickling against of stainless steel.
• Etching of Metal
•Oxidizer in rocket fule.
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