English Grammar

My Favorite National Hero - Gandhiji ========================== A national hero is a person who always looks after the welfare of the nation. They dedicate their life for progress of a nation. So my favorite national leader is Gandhiji who strove hard to gain independence for India. When Indian gained independence, even then he helped many poor and struggling people of our nation. He preached the principle of non-violence and taught our nation the greatest values. 🌺Personal life of Gandhiji Gandhiji was born in Porbunder in Gujarat to Karamchand Gandhi and Putlibai Gandhi on October 2, 1869 in a respectable family. His father Karamchand Gandhi was a statesman who served the prime minister of Porbunder then. From his childhood, Gandhiji was greatly influenced by the teachings of his mother who was a pious lady. She told him many moral stories and inculcated values in his mind. He was named as Mohandas by his parents. He competed his early education in Porbunder and at the age of 11 left for Rajkot with his family, joining a high school in Rajkot. For higher studies, he moved to London and returned to India as a barrister. But he was touched by the prevailing conditions in India and decided to gain independence to India. 🌺Fight for Indian movement Gandhiji actively took part in the Indian independence movement and was even jailed a few times. He was known for actively participating in the Dandi March movement when the Britishers levied tax on salt. During this movement, he fasted for 21 days and walked for more than 300 kms from Ahmedabad to Dandi to make salt. Besides this movement, he also took part in 'Quit India Movement', 'Non-co-operation movement, Khilfat Movement, to gain independence. But he did not use any weapon during any of these movements. He also helped the British government during World War I. 🌺Gandhiji's teaching and philosophy Gandhiji preached about truth and non-violence to the Indians. He taught the greatest lessons of truth, integrity and social co-operation to the people. He wrote a book on 'My experiences with truth' in which he explained how he spoke truth under any circumstance and he was highly appreciated by children by writing this book. During the freedom movement, he also preached about self-reliance and patriotism. He started weaving clothes by using a spinning wheel that was named as 'Charkha'. He began wearing clothes made of Khadi and revealed the importance of Khadi dressing. The Indians were highly encouraged by the teaching of patriotism and they began manufacturing their own products. Gandhi was a great thinker who preached about internal happiness to the people worldwide. He was against untouchability practices in the society and fought for the justice of people who were considered inferior in the society. He called them "Harijans' which means that they are the children of God. 🌺Death of Gandhiji This great leader was killed by a nationalist named Nathuram Godse in New Delhi at Birla House on January 30, 1948. But, even today, he is remembered worldwide for his patriotism, courage to stand for truth and his concern for others. He is known as 'Bapuji' by Indians. 🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸 SV RAMANUJ

Change the Voice ==================== 1. Hetal ate three Pizzas at dinner. Ans. Three Pizzas were eaten by Hetal at dinner. 2. We are going to watch a movie tonight. Ans. A movie is going to be watched by us tonight. 3. Rajesh read the novel in one day. Ans. The novel was read by Rajesh in one day. 4. The two ministers are signing the treaty. Ans. The treaty is being signed by the two ministers. 5. The librarian will give you instructions. Ans. You will be given instructions by the librarian. OR Instructions will be given to you by the librarian. 6. The boy laughed at the beggar. Ans. The beggar was laughed at by the boy. 7. I do not abuse my servants. Ans. My servants are not abused by me. 8. Maya has helped the needy people. Ans. The needy people have been helped by Maya. 9. Divya was watching T.V. at that time. Ans. T.V. was being watched by Divya at that time. 10. Vipul will give a book to Ram. Ans. A book will be given to Ram by Vipul. OR Ram will be given a book by Vipul. 11. What did Aryan bring? Ans. What was brought by Aryan? 12. Who broke the glass? Ans. By whom was the glass be broken? 13. Open the window, please. Ans. You are requested to open the window. 14. Shailesh knows me. Ans. I am known to Shailesh. 15. When can Nisha visit Nilesh? Ans. When can Nilesh be visited by Nisha ? 16. Rashi will have bought many books by this Sunday. Ans. Many books will have been bought by Rashi by this Sunday. 17. Sachin and Vinod are playing cricket now. Ans. Cricket is being played by Sachin and Vinod. 18. Does Ronak speak English regularly? Ans. Is English spoken regularly by Ronak? 19. Ankita visited Ashok yesterday. Ans. Ashok was visited by Ankita yesterday. 20. Sneha will telephone Shailesh tomorrow. Ans. Shailesh will be telephoned by Sneha tomorrow. 21. Can Harsha solve this sum? Ans. Can this sum be solved by Harsha? 22. Who has written this essay? Ans. By whom has this essay been written? 23. How many daffodils did the poet see at a glance? Ans. How many daffodils were seen by the poet at a glance? 24. By what name did the mountain call the squirrel? Ans. By what name was the squirrel called by the mountain? 25. You should give up your bad habits. Ans. Your bad habits should be given up by you. 🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸 SV RAMANUJ

B.A. English Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India 〰️〰️〰️〰️〰️〰️〰️〰️ 🌺F.Y.B.A. Semester- 1 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSdYxOSjS-sIl0Z6nckGjIWmBWMJiow-6 🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷 🌺F.Y.B.A. Semester- 2 https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSdYxOSjS-sKZmxNIJ06eY--H2qSVOHPY 🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷 🌼S.Y.B.A. Semester- 3 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSdYxOSjS-sItmgdm3THDLmeJBcdiMNzd 🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷 🌼S.Y.B.A. Semester- 4 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSdYxOSjS-sJuNShiazfk3nVwKywYtb1u 🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸 SV RAMANUJ

KINDNESS ESSAY 3 (400 WORDS) ======================================= 🌼 Introduction It is rightly said, “You will never have a completely bad day if you show kindness at least once”. Being kind and compassionate towards others brings immense joy. The joy of giving is much greater than that of receiving. Kindness gets us closer to God and renders inner peace. 🟠 Acts of Kindness Never Go Unnoticed While we must indulge in acts of kindness selflessly without expecting anything in return, however it is said that no act of kindness, even the smallest one, goes unnoticed. This is because God is watching us at all times. And he is known for being fair in his ways. Being kind in general by being polite with others keeps us in a good mood as compared to the times when we get into arguments, or judge others or raise our voice. Similarly, offering even a small help to someone makes us feel good about ourselves. Helping others and being kind to them gives us an immediate sense of satisfaction. And whatever we give comes back to us in abundance. This is also known as the law of Karma. However, if we show kindness to others hoping that we will get something in return then it is not considered an act of kindness. It is rather an act of selfishness. 🟠 Kindness towards Animals Not just with human beings, we must also be kind towards animals. Many people throw stones at the street dogs and cows to scare them away. It is alright if done as an act of self dense however many people do it just for fun. We must rather be kind towards them. Treating the animals appropriately and feeding them are two of the ways to show kindness towards them. We waste a lot of food ever now. We throw our leftover food in the dustbin. Instead of throwing it away like that, we must take out some time to feed cats, dogs and cows roaming around near our house with it. We can also show kindness towards them by adopting them. Likewise, we can feed the birds by hanging bird feeders in our lawn or balcony. These small and random acts of kindness will not only do good to these birds and animals but will also make you feel better about yourself. 🌼 Conclusion People who indulge in charity work and help other people with various big and small tasks are happier than those who only work for themselves. 🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸 SV RAMANUJ

LEADERSHIP ESSAY 3 (400 WORDS) =========================================== 🌼 Introduction Good leadership springs from a bunch of several qualities including confidence, honesty, commitment, integrity, patience, transparency, creativity, positive outlook, open-mindedness, the ability to delegate responsibility and the ability to communicate effectively. While leaders are often looked at as an inspiration for others, being one has its own set of pros and cons. ☘️ Pros of Being a Leader Let us begin by looking at the pros of being a leader: 🔹Respect People look up to you as an inspiration. You are a source of guidance for them and they may come to you to seek suggestions on different issues. They develop a sense of respect for you. 🔹Increases Self-Awareness You try to analyze your positive and negative aspects in an attempt to improve as there are several people who look up to you. This increases self-awareness. 🔹Broadens Your Mind A good leader tries to understand the strengths and weaknesses of people in his team as well as their situation in order to bring out the best in them. This does not only help the people around him but also helps in broadening his own mindset. 🔹Decision Making Skills As a leader, you require taking decisions not only for yourself but also for your team. Your decision making skills thus enhance over a period of time. 🔹Nurture Dreams As a leader you guide those who look up to you and thus help nurture their dreams. Good leadership can also lead to the success of a business/firm. ☘️ Downside of Being a Leader Mentioned below is the downside of being a leader: 🔸Accountability Since you are the leader, you are responsible for the acts of your team members. You are accountable for all their actions. 🔸Isolation No matter how close you are to your team and how much you encourage two-way communication, those who look up to you often make you sit on a pedestal and this can lead to a sense of isolation. 🔸Dealing with All Kinds of People As a leader, you may have to deal with both good and bad people. They might challenge your patience and this can be quite frustrating at times. The key is to stay calm. 🌼 Conclusion If you possess leadership qualities, you may take up the role of a leader. While you should be comfortable handling this position if you have the required qualities; however, beware about the downside of the same before you take your final decision. 🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸 SV RAMANUJ

Animals Phrasal Verbs 🐃🐃🐃🐃🐃🐃🐃🐃🐃 🦣Chicken out Meaning: Not do something because you’re afraid Example: I was going to go bungee jumping but I chickened out at the last minute. 🦣Duck out Meaning: Leave quickly and unannounced Example: If I can I’ll duck out to get something to eat. 🦣Fish for Meaning: Ask for or try to get something in an indirect way Example: The telephone caller was fishing for too much information, so I hung up. 🦣Fish out Meaning: Pull something out of a place Example: She fished a piece of paper out of the pile on her desk. 🦣Horse around Meaning: Play in a loud/rough way Example: He was horsing around in the kitchen and broke my favourite bowl. 🦣Leech off Meaning: Use someone, or cling to s.o for personal gain, often not giving anything in return Example: He’s leeching off the abilities of others. 🦣Pig out Meaning: Eat a lot of food at once Example: Kids tend to pig out on junk food. 🦣Wolf down Meaning: Eat very quickly Example: Don’t wolf down an entire chocolate cake; you will get indigestion. 🦣Monkey around Meaning: To do things in an unserious way; to play or waste time Example: We just monkeyed around all afternoon. 🦣Beaver away Meaning: Work hard doing something Example: She was beavering away at his homework until after midnight. 🦣Ferret out Meaning: To find (something, such as information) by careful searching. Example: I had to ferret out all the information for myself. 🦣Worm out of Meaning: Draw or manipulate information out of someone Example: I eventually managed to worm a few details out of her. 🦣Rat on Meaning: Inform on (someone) to a person in a position of authority Example: I never thought John would rat on me. 🦣Rabbit on (UK) Meaning: Continue talking about something that is not interesting to the person you are talking to Example: John’s always rabbiting on about his coin collection. 🦣Monkey with Meaning: Bother or interfere with someone or something Example: Come on, don’t monkey with my new laptop. 🦣Turn turtle Meaning: Turn upside down; to flip over Example: A large wave caused our little boat to turn turtle. 🦣Squirrel away Meaning: Stash, hide or hoard something for future use Example: He had bits of string, cans of nails and lots of other useful tidbits squirreled away throughout his garage. 🦣Drone on Meaning: Talk for a long time in a boring way Example: I nearly fell asleep while he was droning on! 🦣Clam up Meaning: Become silent; to stop talking, to shut up Example: She just clams up if you ask her about his family. 🦣Ferret around Meaning: Search for something by sorting through materials Example: We need to know more about this new chap. Why don’t you go to his home town and ferret around a bit? 🦣Lark about/around (UK) Meaning: Behave in a silly way because you think it is funny Example: A couple of boys were larking about in the pool. 🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸 SV RAMANUJ

List of phrasal verbs: WASH =========================== 👚Wash away Meaning: Eliminate, or destroy by fast moving water, such as in a flood, or a high sea Example: Thousands were left homeless as the flood waters washed away the eastern part of the city. 👚Wash away Meaning: Eliminate, in a figurative sense Example: This latest piece of information, if true, will wash away all doubt. 👚Wash down Meaning: Help to swallow by drinking a liquid, after eating something, or taking a pill Example: I had a nice beef sandwich washed down with a pint of bitter. 👚Wash down Meaning: Wash something completely from top to bottom Example: You must wash the wall down well before painting. 👚Wash off Meaning: Remove (or be removed) by washing Example: I hope this mud will wash off without too much scrubbing. 👚Wash out Meaning: Remove something by washing Example: That stain will easily wash out. 👚Wash out Meaning: Wear away by the flow of water; to erode Example: The sandcastle was washed out by the tide. 👚Wash out Meaning: Cancel due to bad weather Example: The continuous rain washed out the cricket match. 👚Wash out Meaning: Lose traction while going around a turn, especially in cycling, motor sports and skiing/snowboarding Example: The rider washed out around that last turn and hit a tree. 👚Wash over Meaning: Pass unnoticed so that one is unaffected by it Example: The news of the actor’s death just washed over me, as I did not particularly like the man anyway. 👚Wash over Meaning: Affect the emotions of (a person) suddenly and overwhelmingly Example: A wave of embarrassment washed over me, as I became suddenly hot, and red in the face. 👚Wash over Meaning: Surge over the banks, or other retaining structure Example: The river washed over the embankment at several places. 👚Wash up Meaning: Clean the utensils, dishes etc. used in preparing and eating a meal Example: You wash up tonight and I’ll dry. 👚Wash up Meaning: Wash one’s hands and/or face, often around mealtimes Example: Dinner is almost ready, so go and wash up. 👚Wash up Meaning: Carry an object to land Example: The whale was washed up on the beach. 🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸 SV RAMANUJ

https://library.law.yale.edu/news/built-association-lindley-murray#:~:text=Lindley%20Murray%20is%20best%20known,New%20York%20to%20York%2C%20England.

NEWSPAPER ESSAY 3 (200 WORDS) Now-a-days the newspaper has been a necessity of the life. It is available in the market in almost all languages. A newspaper is a publication of the news which gets printed on the paper and distributed to everyone at their home. Different countries have their own news publication agencies. Newspaper gives us all about what is happening in our own country as well as whole world. We let us know exact information related to the topic of sports, politics, religion, society, economy, film industries, movies, food, employment etc. Earlier, newspapers were published with only news details however, currently it contains news and views about various subject almost everything. Various newspaper in market costs differently according to their news details and popularity in the area. The newspapers having current daily affairs are printed daily however of them gets printed twice a week, once a week or once a month. Newspapers serve more than one purposes according to the need and requirement of the people. Newspapers are very effective and powerful give all information at one place from all over the world. In comparison to the information it gives, it costs very less. It keeps us well informed about all the happenings in our surrounding. ============================== NEWSPAPER ESSAY 4 (250 WORDS) The newspaper is very important thing in these days. It is first and foremost thing of everyone to start the day. It is better to start our day by filling our mind with fresh news and information. It makes us confident and helps in improving our personality. First of all in the morning it greets every member of the family with bulk of information. As a citizen of the country, we are fully responsible to know all the pros and cons going in the country or other countries. It informs us about the current affairs of the politics, sports, business, industries, etc. It also informs us about the personal affairs of the Bollywood and business personalities. Newspaper let us know about cultures, traditions, arts, classical dance, etc. In such a modern time when everyone does not have time to know about things other than their job, it let us know about days and dates of the fairs, festival, occasions, cultural events, etc. It is a collection of news as well as interesting things about the society, education, future, motivational messages and topics, etc so, it never bore us. It always stimulates and excites us to about everything in the world through its interesting topics. In the modern time, when everyone is so busy in his/her daily life, it is hardly possible for them to get any idea or knowledge about the outer world so newspaper is the best option to remove such weakness. It gives us a vast knowledge in just 15 mins or half an hour. It is beneficial for persons of all fields as it contains knowledge for everyone like students, businessmen, politicians, sportsperson, teachers, industrialists, etc. 🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸 SV RAMANUJ

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https://t.me/eg2021/2827 Answers: 1 B 2 B 3 B 4 C 5 D 6 C 7 B 8 D