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UPDATED EKG Basics |

Ninja Nerds, During this lecture you will be able to learn the EKG/ECG basics. Follow along with Zach as he will teach you the placement of ECG leads including the bipolar limb leads, augmented unipolar limb leads, and the precordial (chest) leads. Upon the completion of this video you will understand how an ECG/EKG machine generates charges to view the heart in a transverse and frontal plane, assisting in the identification of pathology. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to check out all of our social media pages and ways to support us below! References: ● Le T, Bhushan V, Sochat M, Chavda Y, Zureick A. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2018. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2017 ● Mancini MC. Heart Anatomy. In: Berger S Heart Anatomy. New York, NY: WebMD.

● Hill M. Cardiovascular System - Heart Histology.

Rosen IM and Manaker S. Oxygen delivery and consumption. In: Post TW, ed. UpToDate . ● Waltham, MA: UpToDate.

● McCorry LK. Physiology of the Autonomic Nervous System. Am J Pharm Educ .2007; 71(4): p.78. doi: 10.5688/aj710478. ● Standring S. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016 ● Leslie P. Gartner, James L. Hiatt. Color Textbook of Histology. New York (NY): Grune & Stratton Inc.; 2006 ● U. S. National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. NIH SEER Training Modules - Classification & Structure of Blood Vessels.

● Ostenfeld E, Flachskampf FA. Assessment of right ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by echocardiography: from geometric approximations to realistic shapes. Echo research and practice.2015; 2(1): p.R1-R11. doi: 10.1530/ERP-14-0077. ● Maceira AM, Prasad SK, Khan M, Pennell DJ. Reference right ventricular systolic and diastolic function normalized to age, gender and body surface area from steady-state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance.. Eur Heart J .2006; 27(23): p.2879-88. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl336. Klabunde RE. Hemorrhagic Shock. http://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP031. ● Drucker WR, Chadwick CD, Gann DS. Transcapillary refill in hemorrhage and shock.. Arch Surg .1981; 116(10): p.1344-53. pmid: 7283706. ● Kaur P, Basu S, Kaur G, Kaur R. Transfusion protocol in trauma. J Emerg Trauma Shock .2011; 4(1): p.103. doi: 10.4103/0974-2700.76844. ● Campbell RL, Li JTC, Nicklas RA, Sadosty AT. Emergency department diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis: a practice parameter. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol .2014; 113(6): p.599-608. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.10.007 ● Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine. Early acute management in adults with spinal cord injury: A clinical practice guideline for health-care professionals.. J Spinal Cord Med .2008; 31(4): p.403-79. pmid: 18959359. ● Marieb EN, Hoehn K. Anatomy & Physiology. Hoboken, NJ: Pearson; 2020. Boron WF, Boulpaep EL. Medical Physiology.; 2017. Outline: 00:00 - Intro and Overview 00:44 - Cardiac Conduction System 01:47 - Positive Deflection 03:00 - Negative Deflection 04:52 - EKG Lead II Example 05:12 - P-Wave 08:07 - PR Interval 11:00 - Q-Wave 14:36 - R-Wave 19:32 - S-Wave 22:09 - ST Segment 23:50 - T-Wave 27:11 - EKG Leads: Types 30:09 - Bi-Polar Limb Leads (Leads I, II, III) 37:05 - Augmented Uni-Polar Limb Leads (aVL, aVR, aVF) 42:45 - EKG Chest Lead Placement 46:27 - Reporting Locations 50:26 - Wrap up Precordial (Chest) Leads Join this channel to get access to perks:

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