English Newspaper Analysis & UPSC Pre- Mains

Section 33 of RPA 1951 says the candidate from the recognised party need only one proposer for nomination and candidate from unrecognised needs 10 proposers. A candidate can file 4 nomination paper with different proposers. Section 36 of RPA says if the signature of the proposer is not genuine, it is a ground for rejection of the candidature. In the case of Surat, congress candidate has filed 3 sets of nomination papers and the signature of proposers in all these sets were found forged. That's why returning officer has rejected his candidature. The rules allow for the substitution of the candidate in such case , but another candidate who has been substituted in his place, his nomination paper was also rejected for the same reason. This is the reason that BJP Candidate was declared as winner. In such matter, only way out is to go to Gujrat HC, because election petition can be filed in HC on the ground that nomination paper has been rejected in improper way as congress is saying all the proposers have been coerced.

#Polity GS Paper 2 Context: A candidate from Surat has been declared winner without election in that constituency because his opposition nomination paper has been rejected by the returning officer on the ground that the signature of the proposer of the candidate is forged. UNDERSTAND THE RULES

#Polity GS Paper 2 Context: Reservation for Muslim

Several Muslim communities are included under OBC reservation at both central and state level. In Karnataka, Muslims are included under 32 % quota for OBC with 4 % reservation. Kerala provided 8% reservation to muslim within its 30 % quota for OBC. ANDHRA PRADESH In 2004 AP Govt, asked Commissionerate of minorities welfare to look into social condition of Muslim community, which has recommended for 5% reservation to Muslims. However AP High court struck down the quota as unconstitutional on the ground: The quota was brought without consulting to Backward class commission and it does not talk about creamy layer amongst Muslim OBC. HC instructed to reconstitute Backward class commission to look into this matter. Reservation to Muslim is not an issue, but not in this way. Again in 2005, govt by ordinance introduced 5% quota to Muslim, later on by law. The law sats : 5 % reservation to Muslim is Justifiable even it breached 50% ceiling limit set in Indira Sawhney case. However High Court again struck it down on the ground hat committee did not rely on objective criteria. The ruling of HC was challenged in SC, and SC has asked for maintaining Status quo till the final order. The matter is pending in the court.

1. The govt data shows, there is a shortage of around 20 million houses in rural areas and 3 million in urban centres. But the report of ICRIER says, urban housing shortage by 2.9 cr. 2. PMAY has delivered only 80 lakh houses. 3. It has been observed the focus on private players has created more problem. 4. Lack of master plan for cities, giving scope for big consultants t dictate large capital intensive technological solution. 5. Around 62% of the houses are sanctioned under beneficiary led construction, where the govt role is limited to just cost sharing with beneficiaries.

#Polity GS Paper 2 Context: Child learning starts at zero month. Considering this in the line of New education Policy, National Framework of early childhood stimulation has been designed which lays down month to month activities of Anaganwadi workers. This program has been given name of "Navchetana" that calls for continuum of learning. The curriculum involves talking, playing, moving, listening to music, ultimately simulation of senses. (USE IT AS CASE STUDY IN ANSWER)

What happens in case candidate in election dies after nomination? Answer:- According to section 52 of RPA 1951,if the candidate dies after nomination and his nomination papers were found valid while scrutiny, then returning officer will cancel the poll at that seat and inform to ECI. ECI will issue notice to recognised political party, whose candidate has died, to nominate another candidate for the said poll within seven days of issue of such notice. Poll will not be cancelled in case of independent candidate/ candidate from registered political party which is not recognised. What happens in case candidate dies after the poll?? Ans:- In this case , once the poll is conducted completely in all seats, then if the person who dies won the election, then there will be election on specified date by ECI. And if the other candidate won, then no election..

#Governance GS Paper 2 Context: World needs to follow India's 4 P model to make a planet livable. First P: Political leadership: PM tracks the progress directly through the platform like PRAGATI. Second P: Public financing: Collaboration of financial support from centreand state. Third P: Partnership: Between Govt, civil society and private party. Ex: Swachh bharat Mission (SBM). Fourth P: People participation: Hallmark of SBM.

The Just Transition Framework in the context of climate change has been recognised for the first time in: A) Paris conference 2015. B) Glasgow conference 2021. C) Bonn conference 2019 D) Warsaw conference 2013

It makes transition to low carbon economy in equitable and inclusive manner. The just transition seeks to centre the interests of those that are most affected by the low-carbon transition, including workers, vulnerable communities, suppliers of goods and services, specifically small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and consumers (see Figure 1). This approach strongly advocates the inclusion of these stakeholders in shaping the net zero transition so that no one is left behind. Advantage of this: 1. It will bring balance between biodiversity protection and mitigative climate change action. 2. It will uphold Climate justice