Physiology Capsules 💊

📩  هذا الكتيب عبارة عن تجميعات بوستات التلغرام والهدف هو وجود هذه البوستات في مكان واحد. 📍 ملاحظة:-  عدم تغطية جميع مواضيع الفسيولوجي. 🔅 الخطأ وارد، و في حالة وجود خطأ، أو استفسار ، أو تعليق يرجى التواصل عن عن طريق البوت الخاص بالقناة. https://t.me/OpinionsaskBot او عن طريق Google Forms https://forms.gle/WBypvxK4GAcbai6H6

💡للناس الجديدة في القناة هذه القائمة (الهاشتاقات) عن المواضيع اللي تكلمت عنها الى الآن , لسهولة الوصول اليها اضغط الهاشتاق 👇 #Cell_Physiology #Membrane_Transport_Mechanisms #Nerve_physiology #Skeletal_Muscle_Physiology #Smooth_Muscle_Physiology #Synapse_Synaptic_Transmission #Cardiovascular_physiology #Respiratory_Physiology #Renal_Physiology #Core_Physiology #hematology #blood_physiology

🔸 Salvage Pathway- Purine 🔸 #Biochemistry

🔸 Salvage Pathway- Purine 🔸 #Biochemistry

🔸 De Novo Purine Synthesis 🔸 #Biochemistry

🔸 De Novo Purine Synthesis 🔸 #Biochemistry

🔸 De Novo Purine Synthesis 🔸 #Biochemistry

🔸 De Novo Purine Synthesis 🔸 #Biochemistry

#Biochemistry

#Biochemistry

#Biochemistry

🧬 De Novo Synthesis of Purine 🧬 🏷 We have 3 Major Steps Step 1: Create PRPP  Step 2: Create IMP 🔻 Step 3: Create AMP and GMP Step 3: Create AMP and GMP 🔸 GMP 🔸 ■ GMP is Created by using this Enzyme IMP Dehydrogenase ■ 2-Drugs inhibits this enzyme :- 1. Ribavirin (antiviral) - Inhibits IMP dehydrogenase - Blocks conversion IMP to GMP = Inhibits synthesis guanine nucleotides (purines) and reducing GMP - this means that the virus will have fewer Guanine so the replication of itself will be small 2 - Mycophenolate (immunosuppressant) - Inhibits IMP dehydrogenase in WBCs = Reducing the GMP #Biochemistry

🧬 De Novo Synthesis of Purine 🧬 🏷 We have 3 Major Steps Step 1: Create PRPP  🔻Step 2: Create IMP Step 3: Create AMP and GMP Step 2: Create IMP ■ which is Inosine monophosphate ■ created by Enzyme called Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase (Rate Limiting Enzyme ) ■ This Enzyme is being regulated by increase amount of AMP +/- GMP +/- IMP by process known as feedback mechanism ■ IMP is = intermediate nucleotide that is being used to synthesize AMP + GMP ■ IMP has Suger + phophate + nucleotide base (Hypoxanthine) #Biochemistry

🧬 De Novo Synthesis of Purine 🧬 🏷 We have 3 Major Steps 🔻 Step 1: Create PRPP  Step 2: Create IMP Step 3: Create AMP and GMP Step 1: Create PRPP  ■ it is 5-Phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate. ■ the main source is 5-Ribose Phosphate ■ Which comes from HMP Pathway #Biochemistry

🧬 De Novo Synthesis of Purine 🧬 🏷 We have 3 Major Steps:- ■ Step 1: Create PRPP  ■ Step 2: Create IMP ■ Step 3: Create AMP and GMP #Biochemistry

💡 De novo synthesis literally translates to "from the new" in Latin. In chemistry, it refers to the process of creating complex molecules from much simpler ones, like sugars or amino acids. 💡 يُترجم تركيب De novo حرفيًا إلى "من الجديد" في اللاتينية. في الكيمياء، يشير إلى عملية تكوين جزيئات معقدة من جزيئات أبسط بكثير، مثل السكريات أو الأحماض الأمينية.

🧬 Purine Metabolism ( Synthesis ) 🧬 🏷 في عندنا طريقتين لصناعة Purine 1⃣ الاولى تسمى ب De Novo Purine Synthesis 2⃣ و الثانية تسمى ب Salvage Pathway 📕في عناصر و مصادر أساسية تساعد في عملية صناعة الPurine و هي :- ■ Suger ■ Nitrogen Source ■ Carbon Sourse 🔸 مصدر Suger Ribose phosphate comes from (HMP Shunt) 🔸مصدر الNitrogen nitrogen sources from Amino acids (Aspartate + Glutamine + Glycine) 🔸مصدر الCarbons Carbons sources tetrahydrofolate ( its derived from the vitamin Folate ) + CO2 #Biochemistry