Case-based MCQ

- Do you want to publish your paper in the High Impact journal? - Would you like your work to be seen in the best journals? 🔷 We will proceed with the journal publishing process with our professional team on MCU RESEARCH COLLABORATION 🔻 Feel Free to contact admin 👉 @Mohamm_ADs

Best Medical Channels On Telegram: @Medic_Store @Kenhub2022 @Essential_Anatomy @Medi_C @DrNajeeb1 @MedicPDF @Drnejib_Notes @Pathoma_Videos @Surgery_Videos @Doctors_in_Training @Usmle_Videos @Lecturio_vid @Mediscussion @DrNajb @Osmsis @PixorizeVideo @KaplanVideo @Uworld_1 @medical_MCQs_official @AmbossQbanks @Online_MedED

- Do you want to publish your paper in the High Impact journal? - Would you like your work to be seen in the best journals? 🔷 We will proceed with the journal publishing process with our professional team on MCU RESEARCH COLLABORATION 🔻 Feel Free to contact admin 👉 @Mohamm_ADs

Parvovirus B19 infection (choice C), also known as erythema infectiosum or fifth disease, often occurs in outbreaks among school-aged children, but it can occur in adults as well. It is a fairly common cause of an exanthematous rash and arthritis in younger women. This infection should be particularly suspected in healthcare workers who have frequent contact with children. The specific characteristics of the rash, the pattern of joint involvement, and the place of employment in an otherwise healthy person all offer clues suggesting parvovirus B19 as the infecting agent. See image below. ⚠ Adenovirus (choice A), HIV (choice B) and Measles virus (choice D) rarely cause arthritis, although HIV infection can cause a musculoskeletal syndrome later in the disease. ⚠ Varicella-zoster virus (choice E) may cause large-joint arthritis, but the rash is distinctively vesicular and pruritic. 🔖 Key point: Parvovirus B19 infection, also known as erythema infectiosum or fifth disease, is a fairly common cause of an exanthematous rash and arthritis in younger women

- Do you want to publish your paper in the High Impact journal? - Would you like your work to be seen in the best journals? 🔷 We will proceed with the journal publishing process with our professional team on MCU RESEARCH COLLABORATION 🔻 Feel Free to contact admin 👉 @Mohamm_ADs

⏳ Case-based MCQ | #Case_462 〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰 A previously healthy 24-year-old pediatric nurse has a 3-day history of nonpruritic rash, malaise, and arthralgias. The rash covers her thighs and the inner aspects of her upper arms and presents as a faint, maculopapular, irregular, reticulate exanthem. Symmetric synovitis is present in several distal and proximal interphalangeal joints and in her metacarpophalangeal joints. Small effusions, warmth, and tenderness are noted in her left wrist and right elbow.

Explanation: Syncope is a brief period of loss of consciousness accompanied by loss of postural tone. Syncope may either occur abruptly or may be preceded by symptoms of presyncope, including dizziness, light-headedness, sweating, nausea, blurring of vision or even transient blindness. The presyncopal period varies in duration depending on the underlying cause. Syncope may sometimes be accompanied by brief clonic or tonic-clonic seizure-like activity. Neurocardiogenic syncope (vasovagal and vasodepressor) (choice B) is the commonest form of syncope and accounts for about 50% of syncopal attacks. In the absence of any specific features typical of any of the other forms of syncope, neurocardiogenic syncope should be the top diagnosis. However, other forms of syncope must be excluded through ECG and other diagnostic procedures. → Medication-induced syncope (choice A) is very unlikely in patients who are not taking any medications. → Situational syncope (choice C) occurs during a variety of activities, including cough, deglutition, micturition and defecation. Our patient did not complain of cough, difficulty of micturition, dysphagia or constipation. → With syncope due to arrhythmia (choice D), patients may complain of palpitations prior to the attack in case of tachyarrhythmias or describe slowing of their heart rate in case of bradyarrhythmia. This form of syncope must be actively sought and excluded by 12 lead ECG or advanced electrophysiological studies. → Carotid sinus hypersensitivity (choice E) causes syncope while shaving, with tight collars, or turning the head to one side. Key point: Neurocardiogenic syncope (vasovagal and vasodepressor) is the commonest form of syncope and accounts for about 50% of syncopal attacks. In the absence of any specific features typical of any of the other forms of syncope, neurocardiogenic syncope should be the top diagnosis

🧩 Medical Mnemonics 🔠 Risk Factors for GDM 💻 Join us on the official Instagram page: Online Medical School #obs_and_gyneacology 〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰 ©Medical Mnemonics

- Do you want to publish your paper in the High Impact journal? - Would you like your work to be seen in the best journals? 🔷 We will proceed with the journal publishing process with our professional team on MCU RESEARCH COLLABORATION 🔻 Feel Free to contact admin 👉 @Mohamm_ADs

⏳ Case-based MCQ | #Case_460 〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰 A 27-year-old woman was brought to the hospital after collapsing an hour ago while she was lining up in a coffee shop. The patient stated that she was fine while she was standing in the long queue until she felt dizzy, and within seconds she became unaware of what happened next. Her medical, family and social histories are unremarkable. You strongly suspected this patient suffered a syncopal attack. On physical examination, the patient was anxious but oriented to time, place, and person. She was not pale, jaundiced or cyanosed. Supine heart rate was 82 bpm, respiratory rate 15 bpm and blood pressure 132/84 mm Hg. Pulse and blood pressure were also evaluated 3 minutes after the patient stood upright. Compared to supine blood pressure, standing systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 10 and 5 mm Hg lower, respectively. Simultaneously, the heart rate increased from 82 to 92 bpm. The pulse was regular. The apex beat was located to the 5th intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line. The rest of the examination was normal.

Welcome everyone! Here you can find most updated Arabic & English medical books. Contact us: @Million_M_B_bot https://t.me/Million_medical_books

🧩 Medical Mnemonics Urticaria causes EID AL-ADHA 🌠💐🕋🐏 🔆 Emotions 🔆 Infection, Insect bites/stings 🔆 Drugs and foods 🔆 Anaphylaxis, Allergies & transfusion reaction 🔆 Lymphoma 🔆 Autoimmune disease & vasculitis 🔆 Drugs (e.g beta-lactams) 🔆 Hereditary, Hormone-associated (progesterone), Hypothyroidism 🔆 Agents : cold, heat, vibration, ... #dermatology 〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰 ©Medical Mnemonics

🧩 Medical Mnemonics 🪩 3-6-9 Rule of Bowel Dilation. - these numbers are maximum diameters. 💻 Join us on the official Instagram page: Online Medical School #surgery 〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰 ©Medical Mnemonics

✔ CCCCC Hemoptysis can range from blood-tinged sputum to coughing up large amounts of pure blood. Massive hemoptysis is defined as coughing up 100 to 600 ml of blood over 24 hours. It is important to differentiate hemoptysis from blood coming from the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx. In true hemoptysis, blood could come from tracheobronchial, pulmonary parenchymal, primary vascular or other miscellaneous sources. Causes of hemoptysis due to primary pulmonary vascular diseases include arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary artery catheterization, and elevated pulmonary vascular pressure. The most important cause of the latter is mitral stenosis. The two most common causes of hemoptysis are bronchitis and bronchogenic carcinoma. However, in this patient, the symptoms favour a cardiac cause. Specifically, breathlessness that is aggravated by adopting the supine position (orthopnea) and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) point towards a cardiac cause. Of the cardiac lesions, mitral stenosis (choice C) is a well-known cause of hemoptysis because it leads to marked elevation of pulmonary venous pressure and venous rupture. ⚠ Although the immigration history of the patient increases the possibility of tuberculosis (choice A), the symptoms are not typical for this disease. The absence of fever, chills, and night sweats is against this diagnosis. ⚠ The typical symptom of bronchiectasis (choice B) is a cough with mucopurulent sputum lasting months to years. Although dyspnea might develop in generalized severe bronchiectasis, orthopnea and PND are not typical of bronchiectasis. ⚠ Chronic productive cough with sputum that might be streaked with blood is a known symptom of bronchitis (choice D). However, in adults with bronchitis, dyspnea is not observed unless the patient has underlying chronic obstructive lung disease. Further, orthopnea and PND are not typical of bronchitis. ⚠ Arteriovenous malformations (choice E) rarely cause hemoptysis. The symptoms of these disorders are rather insidious and develop gradually over the years due to the slow enlargement of the malformation. Dyspnea requires many years to develop. 🔖 Key point: Mitral stenosis is a well-known cause of hemoptysis because it leads to marked elevation of pulmonary venous pressure and venous rupture

⏳ Case-based MCQ | #Case_460 〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰 A 21-year-old nonsmoker came to you complaining of shortness of breath and coughing up blood-tinged sputum. The cough, which accompanied the shortness of breath, started about five months ago, and it occurred only when he would lie down. During the last two weeks, both breathlessness and cough became more aggressive. He noticed increasing amounts of sputum, and even on several occasions some blood in his sputum. He denied any fever, chills or night sweats. He immigrated to Canada with his family eight years ago from a sub-Saharan African country. His past medical and family history were unremarkable.