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Heart failure is a symptom complex that is caused by many diseases such as; ischemic heart diseases (the most common cause),

Insulin remains in circulation for only several minutes half-life (4 to 8 minutes);

complex clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood which leads to blood output insufficient to meet the body requirement.

: patients with past or present symptoms of HF with structural heart disease.

caused by coronary artery spasm.

the pain lasts for less than 10-15 minutes about 2-5 minutes in most cases,

is always due to an underlying cause such as intrinsic renal diseases, renovascular disease, Pheochromocytoma, Cushing‟s syndrome, thyroid or parathyroid disease,