UPSC LAW Optional

Explanation The correct answer is 1 and 2 only. Key Point • The Second Five-Year Plan's stated goal was to construct the Socialistic Pattern of Society through fast industrialization, with a focus on the growth of the basic and heavy industries. Therefore, Statement 1 is true. • The fourth five-year plan placed a strong emphasis on reducing income, wealth, and economic power concentration in order to achieve social equality and justice. Therefore, Statement 2 is true. • The fifth five-year plan seeks to eradicate poverty and foster independence. Therefore, Statement 3 is untrue. Fifth Five Year Plan: • Its duration was 1974 to 1978. • This plan focused on Garibi Hatao, employment, justice, agricultural production and defence. • The Electricity Supply Act was amended in 1975, the Twenty-point programme was launched in 1975, the Minimum Needs Programme (MNP) and the Indian National Highway System was introduced. • Overall this plan was successful which achieved a growth of 4.8% against the target of 4.4%. • This plan was terminated in 1978 by the newly elected Morarji Desai government.

❔❔❔QUESTION❔❔❔ 👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇 (Q.) With reference to India’s Five-Year Plans, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. From the Second Five-Year Plan, there was a determined thrust towards substitution of basic and capital good industries. 2. The Fourth Five-Year Plan adopted the objective of correcting the earlier trend of increased concentration of wealth and economic power. 3. In the Fifth Five-Year Plan, for the first time, the financial sector was included as an integral part of the Plan.

Explanation The correct answer is Price levels vary from State to State. Key Points • The poverty level would be different in each state due to the disparities in the cost of living between the states, hence the poverty threshold would change from state to state. • According to the Planning Commission, the national poverty line for rural regions in 2011-12 was assessed to be Rs 816 per capita per month in villages, whereas in cities it was anticipated to be Rs 1,000 per capita per month. This was calculated using the Tendulkar technique. • The line that denotes poverty is determined by the average income of the population as well as the level of expenditures made by consumers. • The threshold for classification as poor is determined by the cost of a standard set of consumer goods, which changes from one state to the next.

Explanation The correct answer is NITI Aayog. Key Points • The Atal Innovation Mission, or AIM, is a flagship programme of the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog. • The purpose of its debut is to encourage innovative thinking and entrepreneurial activity all around the country. • The purpose of this organisation is to operate as a forum for the dissemination of information regarding world-class Innovation Hubs, Grand Challenges, Start-up firms, and other forms of self-employment opportunities, especially in fields that are driven by technology.

Explanation The correct answer is poverty and unemployment increase. Key Points • Real national income and output must increase for there to be economic growth. • Improvements in living standards and quality of life, such as those related to health care, life expectancy, and literacy, are indicative of economic progress. • Economic development occurs when a nation undergoes different economic developments that enhance quality of life, such as a decline in poverty and unemployment, a narrowing of wealth and income disparities, a rise in literacy rates, and improvements in health and sanitation.

Explanation The Correct Answer is 2 and 3 only. Explanation • A tradeable instrument known as "government security" (G-Sec) is one that the federal or state governments have issued. It accepts responsibility for the government's debt. • The RBI oversees the G-Sec issuances and frequently holds G-Sec auctions every Friday on behalf of the Center. • RBI carries out State Government transactions in accordance with the contract signed with the State Governments. • Treasury notes ○ The central government issued these short-term debt securities. Treasury bills are not issued by the state government. ○ Treasury bills are essential to the government's cash management. ○ Because they carry no risk, their yields at various maturities serve as short-term benchmarks and aid in the market's pricing of various floating-rate instruments. ○ Treasury bills are redeemed at face value upon maturity after being issued at a discount.

❔❔❔QUESTION❔❔❔ 👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇 (Q.1) Consider the following statements: 1. The Reserve Bank of India manages and services Government of India Securities but not any State Government Securities. 2. Treasury bills are issued by the Government of India and there are no treasury bills issued by the State Governments. 3. Treasury bills offer are issued at a discount from the par value.

Explanation The correct answer is 2 only. Key Points Vidyanjali Yojana • The Vidyanjali Yojana is a programme for school volunteers. • It is a project of the Indian Ministry of Human Resource Development. • It was started in order to improve the standard of instruction offered in public schools with the aid of the business sector and the local community. Therefore, choice 2 is accurate. • Taking into account the concerns with teaching quality among other problems faced by government public schools, Vidyanjali Yojana's goal is to address those resource needs. • The Yojana programme enables individuals to participate in governmental changes and assist the government in addressing challenges with high-quality education and a teacher shortage throughout India. • The National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE), which was created by statute, consists of four regional committees tasked with vetting teacher certification programmes. • 21 states are participating in the program's pilot phase, including Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Goa, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Telangana, Tripura, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh in India.

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❔❔❔QUESTION❔❔❔ 👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇 (Q.) What is the purpose of Vidyanjali Yojana'? 1. To enable the famous foreign educational institutions to open their campuses in India. 2. To increase the quality of education provided in government schools by taking help from the private sector and the community. 3. To encourage voluntary monetary contributions from private individuals and organizations so as to improve the infrastructure facilities for primary and secondary schools.

Explanation The correct answer is 1 and 2 only. Key Points What is 'National Nutrition Mission'? • Also known as POSHAN Abhiyaan, the National Nutrition Mission promotes healthy eating. • POSHAN, or the Prime Minister's Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nutrition • It was launched from Jhunjhunu in Rajasthan on March 8, 2018, International Women's Day. Objectives of 'National Nutrition Mission: • To raise awareness of malnutrition in breastfeeding moms and pregnant women. As a result, statement 1 is true. • To lower the prevalence of anaemia in young children, teenage girls, and women. Therefore, claim 2 is true. • To reduce undernutrition among pregnant women and young children (under 3 years old) in 200 high burden districts. Others points: • The study makes no mention of encouraging the intake of millets, rough cereals, or unpolished rice. As a result, assertion 3 is untrue. • The report makes no mention of encouraging people to eat chicken eggs. Statement 4 is therefore untrue.