Power system protection

ANSI/ISEA Z89.1-2009: American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection https://www.facebook.com/share/p/TFaoxkTjcGXQDfkD/?mibextid=oFDknk

Transformer Health Assessment according to IEC 60422 The full lesson is on the YouTube channel https://youtu.be/t5bSMyJsb1o?si=GWIm5vr4nlrBlPZM

Lock out relay testing (86) https://www.facebook.com/share/p/FBHSyyzg7Aw2SvH7/?mibextid=oFDknk

Tripping Classifications and its Significance in Generator Protection: https://www.facebook.com/share/p/U2JarKPdddFou8nY/?mibextid=oFDknk

Generator protection https://www.facebook.com/share/p/C6FfDqtvAGGriVav/?mibextid=Nif5oz

Line protection 3. Distance protection https://www.facebook.com/share/p/YHMPamcNwP444Rib/?mibextid=oFDknk

Are you wearing the right gloves? Everyone working with electricity should be wearing insulating gloves to protect them from the danger of electrical shocks and burns – it can be a matter of life or death. Even minor electrical shocks can be fatal if someone has an unknown heart condition. No matter where or what the industry or environment, electricalinsulation gloves (also known as electrician gloves, insulatingrubber gloves, electricity gloves and linesman gloves) areessential wear to keep people safe at work. But, do you have the right gloves for your work? Choosing the right glove Insulating electrician gloves used in Europe mustcomply with EN 60903 standard Electrical Insulating Gloves. EN 60903-compliant gloves are defined by six classifications, relating to thevoltage they are capable of providing electrical shock protection against. These are as follows: Class 00 – 500 volts AC 750 volts DC Class 0 – 1,000 volts AC 1,500 volts DC Class 1 – 7,500 volts AC 11,250 volts DC Class 2 - 17,000 volts AC 25,500 volts DC Class 3 - 26,500 volts AC 39,750 volts DC Class 4 – 36,000 volts AC 54,000 volts DC Choosing the right glove The ASTM label system uses colour to define immediately and visuallythe voltage protection level for each classification and carriesinformation including the manufacturer/brand, country of origin andmaximum voltage protection. Class 00 – Beige Class 0 – Yellow Class 1 – Red Class 2 - White Class 3 - Green Class 4 – Orange IEC60903 application: Classification The gloves covered by this standard shall be designated as follows: – by class, as class 00, class 0, class 1, class 2, class 3 and class 4; – by special properties, by the addition of a suffix to the class of the glove as shown in Table 1. Guidance as to temperature range at which gloves can be used is given in Annex A. (Temperature Standard gloves should be used in areas having ambient temperatures between –25 °C and +55 °C, and category C gloves should be used in ambient temperatures between –40 °C and +55 °C.) When a colour code for symbols is used, it shall correspond to the following: class 00 – beige; class 0 – red; class 1 – white; class 2 – yellow; class 3 – green; class 4 – orange. Electrical requirements: Gloves shall be capable of withstanding the corresponding electrical stresses according to its electrical class. Marking: Each glove which is claimed to comply with the requirements of this standard shall bear a label and/or marking giving the following information: – symbol IEC 60417-5216:2002-10 – Suitable for live working; double triangle (see Annex B); NOTE The exact ratio of the height of the figure to the base of the triangle is 1,43. For the purpose of convenience, this ratio can be between the values of 1,4 and 1,5. – number of the relevant IEC standard immediately adjacent to the symbol (IEC 60903); – name, trademark or identification of the manufacturer; – category, if applicable; – size; – class; – month and year of manufacture. Composite gloves shall also be identified with a mechanical symbol (hammer), adjacent to the double triangle (see Figure 3). The length of the hammer (x) shall be equal to the length of one side of the triangles.

Line protection 2.diffirential protection https://www.facebook.com/share/p/kdCfbUetTi13qSom/?mibextid=oFDknk

Line protection https://www.facebook.com/share/p/3s811Nf3tXBHYWGk/?mibextid=oFDknk

Contactors utilisation categories https://www.facebook.com/share/p/U4xfvEStjf1beu9J/?mibextid=oFDknk

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Feeder differential protection , 87F Micom P543 areva, inputs and outputs control. https://www.facebook.com/share/v/tqKLVRySn1qFMEem/?mibextid=oFDknk

Records view , Micom P143 https://www.facebook.com/share/r/JZX5ixF86SaJkLSX/?mibextid=oFDknk

24 T-code Motors for use in hazardous environments are assigned a temperature code (T-code) which describes the maximum temperature of surfaces subject to contact with hazardous materials. The temperature value defined by the T-code applies under all conditions of motor operation including burnt out, overload and locked rotor current. The T-code for a given motor must be less than the autoignition temperature (AIT) of the hazardous gas or mixture in the environment where the motor operates. This is to ensure that the hazardous materials do not spontaneously ignite when it contacts the motor surfaces and enclosure during operation 25 Safety and efficiency certification marksThese marks including agency markings, memberships and testing certifications 26 Catalog number (CAT. NO.) The catalog number corresponds to the motor’s number in the Baldor-Reliance 501 catalog. If blank, the motor is custom. This field may also include a unique OEM part number or modification number. 27 Spec number (SPEC.) The spec number is used to identify the motor’s specific bill of materials which is useful in locating motor parts. 28 Magnetizing current (MAG. CUR.) If a motor is intended to be used with a variable speed drive with vector control, the drive needs this additional information about the motor circuit in order to auto-tune the in-stationary mode. The drive calculates the magnetizing current and the torque-producing current as vectors, keeping the two vectors separated by 90° for maximum efficiency and torque. 29 Inverter type (INV TYPE) This data indicates the inverter type and input frequency range(s) for which the motor is rated. In this case, the motor is rated for a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) drive, with the motor rated for a constant horsepower (CHP) range of 60 to 90 Hz, a constant torque (CT) range of 1 to 60 Hz, and a variable torque (VT) range from 0 to 60 Hz input. NOT SHOWN Locked rotor code (CODE) NEMA defines locked rotor [kilovolt-ampere (kVA) per horsepower (Hp)] with a series of code letters (A to V). Generally, the farther the code letter is from A, the higher the inrush current per Hp. A replacement motor with a higher code letter may require different upstream electrical equipment, such as a larger motor starter. When AC motors are started with full voltage (across-the-line starting), they draw line amperage 300 percent to 600 percent greater than their full load running current. The magnitude of the inrush current (also called locked rotor amps or LRA) is determined by motor horsepower and design characteristics.