PATHOLOGY - AIM4PG

A child presents with brown colored urine and oliguria for last 3 days. He has mild facial and pedal edema. His blood pressure is 126/90. He has +3 proteinuria with 100 red cell and a few granular casts. His creatinine is 0.9, urea is 56. Diagnosis? www.AIM4PG.com A. PSGN B. Nephrolithiasis C. FSGN D. Infection associated glomerulonephritis www.instagram.com/aim4pgmed EXPLANATION www.FB.me/aim4pg Ans.(a) PSGN PSGN is a kidney disease that can develop after infections caused by bacteria called group A Streptococcus. These infections include throat and skin infections like strep throat, scarlet fever, and impetigo. PSGN usually does not follow strep infection of the kidneys. Instead PSGN results from the body's immune system fighting off the group A strep throat or skin infection. The disorder is common in children between 5-12 years of age. Hematuria usually occurs 1-4 weeks after streptococcal throat infection. Daily Notes www.aim4pg.com/study-group Daily lecture www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed

Hi AIM4PG Team We will be conducting subject wise quiz in respective subject group. Quiz will be 3 days in a week. So that other days you can revise. DATE - SUBJECT -GROUP 08-Aug-22 MICROBIOLOGY @AIM4PGMICROBIOLOGY 10-Aug-22 PHARMACOLOGY @AIM4PGPHARMACOLOGY 12-Aug-22 ORTHOPAEDIC @AIM4PGORTHOPEDIC 15-Aug-22 ENT @AIM4PGENT 17-Aug-22 DERMATOLOGY @AIM4PGDERMATOLOGY 19-Aug-22 PEDIATRICS @AIM4PGPEDIATRICS 22-Aug-22 MEDICINE @AIM4PGMEDICINE 24-Aug-22 RADIOLOGY @AIM4PGRADIOLOGY 26-Aug-22 ANESTHESIA @AIM4PGANESTHESIA 29-Aug-22 PHYSIOLOGY @AIM4PGPHYSIOLOGY 31-Aug-22 BIOCHEMISTRY @AIM4PGBIOCHEMISTRY 02-Sep-22 PATHOLOGY @AIM4PFPATHOLOGY 05-Sep-22 SURGERY @AIM4PGSURGERY 07-Sep-22 OBG @AIM4PGOBG 09-Sep-22 ANATOMY @AIM4PGANATOMY 12-Sep-22 OPHTHALMOLOGY @AIM4PGOPHTHALMOLOGY 14-Sep-22 PSYCHIATRY @AIM4PGPSYCHIATRY 16-Sep-22 FMT @AIM4PGFMT 19-Sep-22 PSM @AIM4PGPSM We are not posting all quiz in @AIM4PG Group, as it will be haphazard. Subject wise group www.aim4pg.com/study-group Daily lecture www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed

PLEURAL EFFUSION WITH NOTES & CLINICAL CASE https://youtu.be/ZTsilP8xcaw Download this video lecture notes in AIM4PG PREMIUM Group only. More video lectures notes, past paper of INICET, UPSC-CMS, NEETPG, FMGE, 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH YEAR MBBS PAPER, all disease diet plans will only be available in AIM4PG PREMIUM Group link https://bit.ly/AIM4PG INSTAGRAM www.Instagram.com/aim4pgmed FACEBOOK www.facebook.com/aim4pg EVERY WEEK VIDEO/GUIDE TO USMLE/PLAB LECTURES WILL BE UPLOADED HERE www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed

Hi AIM4PG Team Join AIM4PG PREMIUM https://bit.ly/AIM4PG Perks & Benefits 1. No ads , No irritating msg like app discount , class promotion spams 2. Only study discussion, sharing notes , MCQ , quiz by genuine medicos with leaning focused. 3. No scammers for doing scams and luring money 4. AIM4PG PREMIUM is a versatile system that only verified medicos will be added, so the chance of imposters & scammers is nil. 5. REMEMBER IF SOMETHING IS FREE THEN YOU ARE THE PRODUCT ITSELF , SHOWN UNWANTED ADS & ADD TO GIMMICK GROUPS AUTOMATICALLY BY HACKING YOUR ACCOUNT. Join AIM4PG PREMIUM https://bit.ly/AIM4PG AIM4PG 1️⃣ Oldest medical group first in telegram since 2017 2️⃣ Original content posts like daily mcq , notes , mnemonic, quiz, lectures, past papers 3️⃣ Large follower base and regular updates in all our active social handles like telegram, fb, insta, YouTube, twitter 4️⃣ Guides for NEETPG, FMGE , INICET, UPSC-CMS, PLAB, USMLE 5️⃣ Have our own dedicated website WWW.AIM4PG.COM Join AIM4PG PREMIUM https://bit.ly/AIM4PG

Hello AIM4PG Members Team. As you know there are so many scammer & scam going on in the name of prepladder app. So in order to avoid it, AIM4PG in association with PREPLADDER have developed a code- AIM4PG which will help students to get discount on packs without scams. Just go to PREPLADDER app or PREPLADDER website & apply code- AIM4PG . Don't do any individual payment to anyone, only pay in official PREPLADDER app or website. AIM4PG will always be with students and help get rid of scams & scammers.

DIET PLAN FOR RENAL DISEASE PATIENTS https://youtu.be/UVbLUHHkYQo MORE PAST 10 YEARS PAPER OF INICET, UPSC-CMS, NEETPG, FMGE, 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH YEAR MBBS PAPER, ALL DISEASE DIET PLAN WILL BE UPLOADED SOON ONLY AT @AIM4PGNOTES TELEGRAM GROUP www.t.me/aim4pgnotes FOR MORE SUBJECT WISE NOTES JOIN www.aim4pg.com/study-group INSTAGRAM www.Instagram.com/aim4pgmed FACEBOOK www.facebook.com/aim4pg TWITTER www.twitter.com/aim4pg EVERY WEEK NOTES WITH VIDEO/PAST PAPER/GUIDE TO USMLE/PLAB LECTURE WILL BE PROVIDED HERE www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed

POSTED PAST 10 YEARS FMGE MEMORY BASED AND DIFFERENT SOURCE QUESTION PAPER COLLECTION WITH SOLUTION https://youtu.be/WKtBFWn_QpQ FOR MORE SUBJECT WISE NOTES JOIN www.aim4pg.com/study-group DAILY LECTURES www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed INSTAGRAM www.Instagram.com/aim4pgmed FACEBOOK www.facebook.com/aim4pg MORE PAST 10 YEARS PAPER OF INICET, UPSC-CMS, NEETPG, FMGE, 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH YEAR MBBS PAPER WILL BE UPLOADED SOON ONLY AT @AIM4PGNOTES TELEGRAM GROUP www.t.me/aim4pgnotes STAY TUNED

A 53-year-old male dies as the result of a selfinflicted gunshot wound. Other than depression and a recent divorce, he had no other medical conditions or significant psychosocial factors. At autopsy, the condition illustrated in the figure is diagnosed. Of the following, what is the most likely diagnosis? A. Cavernous hemangioma B. Hepatocellular carcinoma C. Cirrhosis D. Metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma E. Hepatitis A www.aim4pg.com EXPLANATION Answer: Cirrhosis (C) The image illustrates a liver that is divided into variously sized nodules of hepatocytes by fibrous septa. There is a minimal amount of inflammation within the fibrous septa. These changes are consistent with cirrhosis (C). The lack of symptoms or a previous diagnosis of cirrhosis does not exclude the diagnosis, as many patients with cirrhosis can be asymptomatic for a period of time. The histologic changes are not consistent with the remainder of the conditions listed (A-B, D-E). Daily lecture www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed www.fb.me/aim4pg

A female with the following symptoms of sudden high fever, associated with headache and vomiting along with nuchal rigidity, presented to the hospital. CSF analysis of this patient showed the growth of this organism a gram negative diplococci shown in the image,identify the organism: a) Neisseria meningitis b) Streptococcus pneumoniae c) Staphylococcus aureus d) Mycobacterium tuberculosis www.aim4pg.com EXPLANATION www.instagram.com/aim4pgmed www.fb.me/aim4pg ANS: A. Neisseria meningitis: Gram negative cocci (catalase/oxidase positive) Ferments glucose and maltose( capsulated) Culture media : thayer martin media, muller hinton agar Transport media stuwart amile media Complications: water-house friderichsen syndrome( B/L adrenal haemorragic necrosis) Deficiency of C5-C9(MAC): Prone for neisserial infections. DOC: Ciprofloxacin( carrier), ceftrioxan (cases) Join study group www.aim4pg.com/study-group Join daily lecture www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed

A 58-year-old man presents with a long history of persistent cough, chest pain, and recurrent pneumonia. He denies smoking or consuming alcohol. The patient subsequently dies of sepsis. Autopsy reveals malignant cells that diffusely infiltrate the lung parenchyma. Histopathologic examination of the lung shows well differentiated, mucus-producing, columnar neoplastic cells lining the alveolar spaces (shown in the image). Neoplastic cells are not found in any other organ. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma B. Carcinoid tumor C. Large cell carcinoma. D. Mesothelioma E. Small cell carcinoma EXPLANATION Answer is A Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma in a primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma originating from stem cells in the terminal bronchioles. The cells may be columnar and mucus producing or cuboidal and similar to type II pneumocytes. They tend to grow along the alveolar septa, as depicted in the photomicrograph. A similar growth pattern may be seen in metastatic adenocarcinomas.

A 24-year-old female came with complaints of neurological deficits. Examination reveals pallor. Her blood picture is given below. What is the most like diagnosis? a) Folate deficiency b) Vitamin B12 deficiency c) Thalassemia d) Iron deficiency anemia WWW.AIM4PG.COM EXPLANATION Ans: B Vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia occurs when a lack of vitamin B12 causes the body to produce abnormally large red blood cells that cannot function properly. FOR MORE JOIN GROUP www.aim4pg.com/study-group DAILY LECTURES www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed Instagram www.instagram.com/aim4pgmed Facebook www.fb.me/aim4pg

A 23 year old female complains of recurrent rhinitis, nasal discharge and bilateral nasal blockage since 2 years. She gives a history of asthma and allergy. On examination, multiple ethmoidal polyps are noted with mucosal thickening and impacted secretions in both the nasal cavities. A biopsy was taken and sent to culture. The culture reveals bluish green growth and the following appearance on microscopy. Most probable causative agent? A) Aspergillus Fumigatus B) Aspergillus Flavus C) Aspergillus Niger D) Penicillium EXPLANATION Answer is A The given clinical picture and microscopic appearance is suggestive of fungal rhinosinusitis due to Aspergillus fumigatus Characteristic appearance shows Conical vesicles, phialides arranged in single row. B. Aspergillus flavus has globular vesicles and yellowish green or brown coloured growth. C. Aspergillus niger has phialides in two rows and black coloured growth. D. Penicillium shows branched structure called conidiophores and greenish blue coloured growth.

POSTED PAST 10 YEARS NEETPG PAPER WITH SOLUTIONS https://youtu.be/FUWiofCDdM8 MORE PAST 10 YEARS PAPER OF INICET , FMGE , UPSC-CMS, 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH YEAR MBBS PAPER WILL BE UPLOADED SOON ONLY AT @AIM4PGNOTES Telegram Group www.t.me/aim4pgnotes FOR MORE JOIN GROUP www.aim4pg.com/study-group DAILY LECTURES www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed Instagram www.instagram.com/aim4pgmed Facebook www.fb.me/aim4pg Stay Tuned

A Patient presented with high fever and cough. On examination, lower lobe consolidation and bronchial breath sounds were heard. Sputum microscopy revealed a Quellung positive reaction and following gram stain Image. Identify the causative organism: a) Staphylococcus aureus b) Klebsiella pneumonia c) Streptococcus pneumonia d) H influenza WWW.AIM4PG.COM EXPLANATION Ans. C. Streptococcus pneumonia Instagram www.instagram.com/aim4pgmed FB www.fb.me/aim4pg History is s/o lobar pneumonia. Quellung test positive and gram positive lanceolate shaped gram positive diplococci: Indicates Pneumococci. Hence it's a case of lobar pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumonia. FOR MORE NOTES JOIN www.aim4pg.com/study-group Daily lecture www.youtube.com/aim4pgmed

KETOGENIC-KETO DIET CHART https://youtu.be/7iUf0ib2Vlg More Lectures will be uploaded every week Also notes will be provided Currently all notes are posted in @AIM4PGNOTES Group Join Notes Group @aim4pgnotes

A 70-year-old man was hospitalized 3 weeks ago for a cerebral infarction. He is now is ambulating for the first time. Within minutes of returning to his hospital room, he has sudden onset of dyspnea with diaphoresis. He cannot be resuscitated. The gross appearance of the hilum of the left lung at autopsy is shown in the figure. Which of risk factors most likely finding? A. Antiphospholipid antibody B. Bronchopneumonia C. Factor V mutation D. Leg vein thrombosis. E. Pulmonary arterial atherosclerosis EXPLANATION Answer- D The figure shows a large pulmonary thromboembolus. The most common risk factor is immobilization leading to venous stasis with phlebothrombosis, often called thrombophlebitis, since the lower extremities may be swollen and tender, but there is minimal inflammation. These thrombi form in the large deep leg or pelvic veins, not in the pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary atherosclerosis occurs with long-standing pulmonary hypertension, not the factors driving systemic arterial atherosclerosis.