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Ψ³ΩΩΩ Ψ§Ψͺ || ΨͺΩΨ±ΩΨΊΨ§Ψͺ || Mind maps || Ψ±Ψ³ΩΩ Ψ§Ψͺ
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Ψ§Ψ―ΩΩΨ© Ψ’Ω
ΩΩ Ω
ΨΉ Ψ§Ω warfarin
Ψ¨ΩΨ§Ψ±ΩΨ£Ω Ψ§ΩΨ¨ΩΩΩΨ³ΩΩΩ... ΩΩΩ
ΩΨ§ Ψ§ΩΩΨͺΩΨ²ΩΩ Ψ§ΩΩΨͺΩΩΨ
ΩΩΩΩΨ§ ΩΩΨ¬ΩΨ£Ω ΩΩΨ£ΩΩΩΨ«ΩΩ... ΨͺΩΨ¨ΩΨΊΩΩ Ψ§ΩΩ ProgestinΩ"
βΨ΄Ψ±Ψ Ψ£Ψ¨ΩΨ§Ψͺ Ψ§ΩΨ΄Ψ§ΨΉΨ± Ψ§ΩΨ―ΩΨ§Ψ¦ΩΨ©:
βΨ¨ΩΨ§Ψ±ΩΨ£Ω: Paracetamol
βΨ§ΩΨ¨ΩΩΩΨ³ΩΩΩ: Penicillins
βΩΩΩ
ΩΨ§ Ψ§ΩΩΨͺΩΨ²ΩΩ: (Ω
ΩΨΉ Ψ§ΩΨ§ΩΨͺΨ²Ψ§Ψ² ΩΨ§ΩΨͺΨ΄ΩΨ¬) ΨͺΨ΄ΩΨ± Ψ₯ΩΩ Ψ§ΩΩ Anticonvulsants ΩΩΩ
Sodium valproate & Clonazepam.
βΨ§ΩΩΨͺΩΩ ΩΩ Ψ§ΩΨ§ΩΨ±Ψ·Ω Ψ§ΩΩ
ΨͺΨ΅Ω Ψ¨Ψ§ΩΩΩΨ¨ ΩΨ§ΩΩΨ¨ΨΆ:
Ψ£Ψ―ΩΩΨ© Ψ§ΩΩ Dysrhythmia ΩΩΩ
Lignocaine, Disopyramide & Atropine
βΩΩΩΩΨ§ ΩΩΨ¬ΩΨ£Ω: ΨͺΨ§ΩΩ Ψ¨Ψ§ΩΨ― ΨΉΩΩ lignocaine
ΩΩΨ£ΩΩΩΨ«ΩΩ... ΨͺΩΨ¨ΩΨΊΩΩ Ψ§ΩΩ ProgestinΩ
: Progestin contraceptive pills.
III) Safe drugs with warfarin:
1. Analgesic: paracetamol.
2. Antimicrobials: penicillins.
3. Anticonvulsants: sodium valproate & clonazepam.
4. In dysrhythmia: lignocaine, disopyramide& atropine.
5. Progestin-only contraceptive pills are preferred with warfarin.
Ψ§ΩΨ£Ψ―ΩΩΨ© Ψ§ΩΩΩ Ψ¨ΨͺΩΩΩ Vitamin B12
Ψ§ΩΨ¨Ψ§Ψ΄Ψ§ ΩΩ
Ψ³
PASA NMC
Mid Mnemonics & Schemesπ
PATHOLOGY π¬
1) Rheumatic heart diseases
2) Heart Inflammations
3) Splenomegaly
4) Lung Abscess
5) Stomach
6) Pyelonephritis
PHARMACOLOGY π
ΩΩ ΨΉΩΩΨ© Ω
Ω Ψ§ΩΨ£Ψ―ΩΩΨ© Ψ¨ΨͺΩΨͺΩΩ Ψ¨ΩΩΨ³ Ψ§ΩΩ
ΩΨ·ΨΉ ΨΊΨ§ΩΨ¨Ψ§
Azole
Drug of choice
CVS π«ΨͺΨ¬Ω ΩΨΉΨ§Ψͺ Ψ£Ψ―ΩΩΨ© Ω ΩΩ Ψ© ΩΩ Ψ§Ω CVS 1) Heart failure 2) Hypertension 3) Angina 4) Arrhythmia 5) Shock 6) Hyperlipidemia
Blood π©ΈΨͺΨ¬Ω ΩΨΉΨ© ΩΩ anti platelets Ω anti coagulants Ω thrompolytics Ψ§Ψ―ΩΩΨ© Ψ¨Ψ―ΩΩ ΨͺΨ±ΩΨ§Ω Ψ! PDE inhibitors Drug used in stoke 1) Anti anemic 2) Anti coagulants 3) Anti platelets 4) Thrombolytics 5) Anti malaria
Acute Pyelonephritis Notes
ΩΩΩΨ§ΩΩ Abscess ΩΩ 3 Ψ£Ω
Ψ§ΩΩ
Interstitial
Tubules
Perinephric
ΩΩΩΨ§ΩΩ Pus ΩΩ Ω
ΩΨ§ΩΩΩ
Tubules (pus cast --> diagnostic)
Pelvis (renal pelvis)
ΩΩΩΨ§ΩΩ Necrosis ΩΩ Ω
ΩΨ§ΩΩΩ
Tubules
Papillae (tips of renal papillae)
Pyelonephritisπ mind map πscheme - Notes of Acute Pyelonephritis
Lung infectionsπ mind map πscheme - Late complications of lung abscess - Bronchopneumonia as a complication for other resp. diseases
Late Complications of Lung Abscess
ΩΩΨΩΨΈΩΨ§ ΩΩ "ΩΩ Ω Ψ³Ψ¨Ω" LAF we SAPC
L --> Late complications
A --> Amyloidosis (secondary)
F --> Fibrosis of lung
S --> Squamous metaplasia (Bronchogenic Carcinoma)
P --> Pulmonary hypertension
C --> Core Pulmonale
+1
Causes of
enlargement of LNs and Spleen :
ΨΨ§ΨͺΩ
ΩΨ§ΩΩ
(LNs) Ω ΨΉΩΨ―Ω Ψ₯Ψ³ΨͺΨ¨ΩΨ§Ω (Spleen)
Take Care π¨π¨
Ψ£Ψ¬Ψ²Ψ§Ψ‘ ΨΉΩ Ψ§Ω acute Ω Ψ§Ω subacute bacterial endocarditis Ψ§ΨͺΨ°ΩΨ±Ψͺ ΩΩ Ψ―Ψ±ΩΨ³ Ψ§Ω blood Ω Ψ§Ω resp
Acute Bacterial Endocarditis --> cause Pyemic Lung Abscess
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis --> cause Splenomegaly
Complications of lung abcessesπ«
ΨΊΨ±ΩΨ¨ ..Ω
ΩΩΨ¨Ψ± ΩΩ
ΩΨ³ΩΩπ
β β Early Complications:
G>> lung gangerine
H>> hemoptesis
R>> rupture into peritoneam leads to pneumothorax and Pyelo pneumothorax
E>> emphysema
B>> Blood spread
β β Late complications:
Pulmonary Hypertension
M>> metastatic malignancy
C>> cor Pulmonale
S>> secondry Amyloidosis
F>> lung fibrosis
Intraoperative Drugs
ΩΩ Ψ―Ψ±Ψ³ Ψ§Ω HTN
Na Nitroprusside Ψ―Ψ§ Ψ¨ΩΨͺΨΩΩ
ΩΩΩ
ΩΩ Ψ―Ψ±Ψ³ Ψ§Ω Arrhythmia
Esmolol
Drug used in stroke
1 clopidogril--> antiplatelet
2 Rivaroxiban--> anticoagulant
HMG CoA Reductase Side Effects
H --> Hepatotoxicity
M--> Myopathy
G --> GIT (constipation, distention)
C --> CI in pregnancy, lactation
o --> other drug interactions (ΩΩΨ§)
Factors increase digitalis toxicity
AVEQ + mtok + CE
AVEQ --->increase plasma level
mtok----> ΩΩ ΩΩΩΩΩΩ
CE---->ΩΩ ΩΨͺΩΨ±
Ω
ΩΩ Ψ¨ΩΩ Ψ―ΩΩ
AVEQ
Mtok--->
ΩΩ ΩΩΩΩ ΩΨ―Ω ΨΊΩΨ· ΩΨ―Ω----> digitalis
Magnesium
Thyroxin
Oxygen--->hypoxia and ischemia
K-->potassium
CE--->
ΩΩΩΨͺΩΨ± ΩΨ―Ω ΨΊΩΨ· ΩΨ―Ω----> digitalis
Calcium
Extremeties of age
Causes of Splenomegaly (MID)π₯π₯
Spleen is essential for _TCNIS EL BLOODπ§Ή_
T>> tissue deposits of Amyloidosis
C>> circulatory disturbances, CHF & portal Hypertension
N>> Neoplasia, malignant lymphoma
I>> infection ,septicemia &typhoid &bacteria ¶sites
S>> storage diseases ,lipid &glycogen
Blood diseases, hemolytic anemia & Leukemia
Anti Malaria
Remember:
β’ Chloroquine--> Safe in pregnancy
β’ Quinine
--> Not safe for Pregnancy (oxytocic) ΩΩΩΩΩΩ Ψ¨ΩΨ£Ψ°Ω Ψ§ΩΨ¬ΩΩΩ
--> Not safe for Prophylaxis (Hypotension and Arrhythmia) Ψ§Ψ³Ω
ΩΩ
quinidine like action
