Free Waec/Neco Gce Answers
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| 4 | *NECO GCE 2026 EXAMINATION TIMETABLE*
Wednesday, 4th November 2026
Marketing (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Marketing (Essay)
11:00am - 12:40pm
===========================
Thursday, 5th November 2026
Agricultural Science (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Agricultural Science (Essay)
11:00am - 12:30pm
Agricultural Science (Alternative to Practical)
2:00pm - 3:30pm
===========================
Friday, 6th November 2026
Commerce (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Commerce (Essay)
11:00am - 12:40pm
===========================
Saturday, 7th November 2026
Civic Education (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Civic Education (Essay)
11:00am - 1:00pm
===========================
Monday, 9th November 2026
Accounting (Objective)
10:00am - 11:20am
Accounting (Theory & Practice)
11:20am - 1:50pm
===========================
Tuesday, 10th November 2026
Geography (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Geography (Practical)
11:00am - 12:30pm
Geography (Essay)
2:00pm - 4:00pm
===========================
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Wednesday, 11th November 2026
Literature in English (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Literature in English (Prose)
11:00am - 1:00pm
Literature in English (Drama & Poetry)
2:00pm - 3:15pm
===========================
Thursday, 12th November 2026
Chemistry (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Chemistry (Essay)
11:00am - 1:00pm
Chemistry (Alternative to Practical)
2:00pm - 4:00pm
===========================
Friday, 13th November 2026
Islamic Studies (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Islamic Studies (Essay)
11:00am - 12:30pm
===========================
Saturday, 14th November 2026
English Language (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
English Language (Essay)
11:15am - 1:00pm
English Language (Test of Orals)
1:45pm - 2:30pm
===========================
Monday, 16th November 2026
Physics (Objective)
10:00am - 11:15am
Physics (Essay)
11:15am - 1:00pm
Physics (Alternative to Practical)
2:00pm - 4:45pm
===========================
Tuesday, 17th November 2026
Economics (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Economics (Essay)
11:00am - 1:00pm
===========================
Wednesday, 18th November 2026
General Mathematics (Objective)
10:00am - 11:45am
General Mathematics (Essay)
12:00 noon - 2:30pm
===========================
Thursday, 19th November 2026
Biology (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Biology (Essay)
11:00am - 12:30pm
Biology (Alternative to Practical)
2:00pm - 4:00pm
===========================
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===========================
Friday, 20th November 2026
Christian Religious Studies (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Christian Religious Studies (Essay)
11:00am - 12:30pm
===========================
Saturday, 21st November 2026
Government (Objective)
10:00am - 11:00am
Government (Essay)
11:00am - 12:40pm
=========================== | 90 |
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| 7 | *WAEC-GCE-CIVIC-EDUCATION*
(2)
(i) Enacting and Enforcing Robust Anti-Discrimination Laws: Governments must establish clear, specific legislation that criminalizes the abuse, exploitation, and discrimination of marginalized groups (such as children, the elderly, refugees, and individuals with disabilities). Strict penalties and consistent enforcement act as strong deterrents against human rights violations.
(ii) Providing Free or Affordable Legal Aid: Vulnerable populations often lack the financial resources or knowledge to navigate legal systems. Establishing state-funded legal aid clinics and dedicated human rights desks ensures victims can safely report abuses, seek justice, and hold perpetrators accountable.
(iii) Expanding Economic Support and Social Safety Nets: Poverty significantly increases vulnerability to human rights abuses like trafficking, child labor, and exploitation. Implementing targeted social welfare programs—such as disability grants, elderly pensions, free healthcare, and inclusive employment opportunities—promotes financial independence and reduces systemic risks.
(iv) Promoting Human Rights Education and Awareness: Educating vulnerable individuals about their fundamental rights empowers them to recognize and resist exploitation. Simultaneously, community-wide sensitization campaigns help eliminate deep-rooted social stigmas, cultural biases, and discriminatory behaviors that lead to marginalization.
(v) Strengthening Independent Oversight and Civil Society: Empowering independent human rights commissions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and community advocacy groups allows for continuous monitoring of societal conditions. These institutions can independently investigate allegations of abuse, provide safe shelters, and advocate for policy reforms. | 93 |
| 8 | *WAEC GCE CIVIC EDUCATION*
(1a)
Citizenship by birth is acquired automatically at birth through one's parents or place of birth, according to the country's laws. Citizenship by naturalization is acquired by a foreigner who applies for citizenship after fulfilling the legal requirements of the country and receiving official approval.
(1b)
(PICK ANY SIX)
(i) Fraudulent acquisition of citizenship: A naturalized citizen may lose citizenship if it is discovered that they obtained it through false information, forged documents or deliberate misrepresentation during the application process.
(ii) Disloyalty to the country: A naturalized citizen may lose citizenship if they demonstrate serious disloyalty to the country, such as engaging in activities intended to overthrow the government unlawfully or undermine the country's sovereignty.
(iii) Treason: A naturalized citizen who commits treason by betraying the country, assisting its enemies or participating in activities against its security may face withdrawal of citizenship, subject to the applicable law.
(iv) Assisting an enemy during wartime: A naturalized citizen who helps an enemy country during a war by providing military information, weapons or other forms of support may face the withdrawal of citizenship where the law permits it.
(v) Prolonged residence abroad: A naturalized citizen who lives outside the country for an extended period may risk losing citizenship if the country's laws provide for withdrawal under specified circumstances.
(vi) Conviction for serious crimes: A naturalized citizen who is convicted of certain serious offences may face citizenship withdrawal where the law expressly permits it. A criminal conviction alone does not automatically result in loss of citizenship.
(vii) Obtaining citizenship through bribery: A naturalized citizen who secures citizenship by bribing public officials or corruptly influencing the approval process may face revocation if the law provides for it.
(viii) Serving a foreign government unlawfully: A naturalized citizen who serves a foreign government in a prohibited capacity or participates in activities against the interests of their adopted country may risk losing citizenship under applicable legal provisions. | 81 |
| 9 | WAEC GCE CIVIC THEORY 🔥🔥
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| 12 | *WAEC GCE AGRIC PRACTICAL*
(3a)
Elaeis guineensis.
(3b)
I: Exocarp
II: Mesocarp
III: Kernel
IV: Endocarp
(3c)
(i) Dura: Characterized by a thick shell and thin mesocarp.
(ii) Pisifera: Characterized by the complete absence of a shell (shell-less).
(iii) Tenera: A high-yielding hybrid variety with a thin shell and thick mesocarp.
(3d)
(i) Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros)
(ii) Oil palm leaf miner
(iii) Rodents (such as rats and grasscutters)
(3e)
(i) Palm oil: Extracted from the fibrous mesocarp.
(ii) Palm kernel oil (PKO): Extracted from the kernel seed.
(iii) Palm kernel cake: Used as livestock feed after oil extraction.
(iv) Brooms: Crafted from the midribs of the palm fronds. | 80 |
| 13 | *WAEC GCE AGRIC PRACTICAL*
(2a)
It is used for the artificial incubation and hatching of poultry eggs by providing and maintaining optimal temperature, humidity, and ventilation required for incubation process.
(2b)
(i) Cleaning and disinfection: Wash and sterilize the interior, trays, and components to prevent microbial contamination.
(ii) Pre-heating and regulation: Turn on the power and adjust the thermostat to the required incubation temperature (around 37.5C to 38C) for a few hours before loading.
(iii) Egg loading and setting: Arrange selected, fertile, clean eggs neatly into the egg trays with the broad end facing up or horizontally as required.
(iv) Turning the eggs: Turn the eggs regularly (at least 3 to 5 times daily) during the first 18 days to prevent the embryo from sticking to the shell membrane.
(v) Candling and hatching shift: Candle the eggs around day 7 and day 18 to remove infertile or dead embryos, and transfer eggs to the hatching trays on day 18 without turning them.
(2c)
(i) Domestic fowl
(ii) Turkeys
(2d)
(i) Constant temperature: Maintaining a steady, uniform temperature (ideal range of 37.5C - 38C).
(ii) Proper humidity: Regulating the water pan or moisture levels to prevent the embryo from drying out or drowning.
(iii) Adequate ventilation: Ensuring continuous fresh air circulation and carbon dioxide removal via vents and fans.
(2e)
(i) High hatchability: It allows for the large-scale, simultaneous hatching of many eggs compared to natural brooding.
(ii) Independence from broodiness: Farmers do not have to rely on hens to sit on and hatch eggs, saving time and increasing productivity.
(iii) Disease control: It reduces the risk of chicks picking up external parasites and infectious diseases from a mother hen.
(iv) Year-round production: Eggs can be set and hatched at any time of the year regardless of seasonal or natural nesting cycles. | 53 |
| 14 | *WAEC GCE AGRIC PRACTICAL*
(3a)
Elaeis guineensis.
(3b)
I: Exocarp (Epicarp / Outer skin)
II: Mesocarp (Fibrous pulp)
III: Kernel (Endosperm)
IV: Endocarp (Shell)
(3c)
(i) Dura: Characterized by a thick shell and thin mesocarp.
(ii) Pisifera: Characterized by the complete absence of a shell (shell-less).
(iii) Tenera: A high-yielding hybrid variety with a thin shell and thick mesocarp.
(3d)
(i) Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros)
(ii) Oil palm leaf miner (Coelaenomenodera elaeidis)
(iii) Rodents (such as rats and grasscutters)
(3e)
(i) Palm oil: Extracted from the fibrous mesocarp.
(ii) Palm kernel oil (PKO): Extracted from the kernel seed.
(iii) Palm kernel cake: Used as livestock feed after oil extraction.
(iv) Brooms: Crafted from the midribs of the palm fronds. | 37 |
| 15 | *AGRIC PRACTICAL*
*NUMBER TWO*
(2a)
(i) It provides and maintains optimal temperature, humidity, and ventilation required for the artificial incubation and hatching of fertilized poultry eggs into chicks.
(2b)
(i) Cleaning and disinfection: Wash and sterilize the interior, trays, and components to prevent microbial contamination.
(ii) Pre-heating and regulation: Turn on the power and adjust the thermostat to the required incubation temperature (around 37.5C to 38C) for a few hours before loading.
(iii) Egg loading and setting: Arrange selected, fertile, clean eggs neatly into the egg trays with the broad end facing up or horizontally as required.
(iv) Turning the eggs: Turn the eggs regularly (at least 3 to 5 times daily) during the first 18 days to prevent the embryo from sticking to the shell membrane.
(v) Candling and hatching shift: Candle the eggs around day 7 and day 18 to remove infertile or dead embryos, and transfer eggs to the hatching trays on day 18 without turning them.
(2c)
(i) Domestic fowl (Chickens)
(ii) Turkeys (or Ducks / Geese)
(2d)
(i) Constant temperature: Maintaining a steady, uniform temperature (ideal range of 37.5C - 38C).
(ii) Proper humidity: Regulating the water pan or moisture levels to prevent the embryo from drying out or drowning.
(iii) Adequate ventilation / oxygen supply: Ensuring continuous fresh air circulation and carbon dioxide removal via vents and fans.
(2e)
(i) High hatchability: It allows for the large-scale, simultaneous hatching of many eggs compared to natural brooding.
(ii) Independence from broodiness: Farmers do not have to rely on hens to sit on and hatch eggs, saving time and increasing productivity.
(iii) Disease control: It reduces the risk of chicks picking up external parasites and infectious diseases from a mother hen.
(iv) Year-round production: Eggs can be set and hatched at any time of the year regardless of seasonal or natural nesting cycles. | 33 |
| 16 | *WAEC GCE AGRIC PRACTICAL*
*NUMBER FOUR*
(4ai)
Liver fluke
(4aii)
Freshwater snail.
(4aiii)
Liver rot
(4aiv)
=STAGE I=
(i) The fertilised egg passes out of the animal's body through faeces into water.
(ii) The egg hatches into a miracidium larva, which enters a freshwater snail.
(iii) Inside the snail, it develops through the sporocyst and redia stages.
(iv) Cercariae are produced and leave the snail.
=STAGE II=
(i) The cercaria attaches to vegetation and forms an encysted cercaria (metacercaria).
(iii) The parasite moves to the liver and develops into an adult fluke.
(iv) The adult fluke lays eggs, which pass out through the faeces, restarting the life cycle.
(v) State two ways of disrupting the life cycle.
(i) Destroy freshwater snails using appropriate molluscicides.
(ii) Prevent farm animals from grazing on contaminated vegetation or drinking contaminated water.
(4av)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Destroy freshwater snails using appropriate molluscicides.
(ii) Prevent farm animals from grazing on contaminated vegetation.
(iii) Provide clean drinking water for farm animals.
(iv) Drain stagnant water and marshy areas where snails breed.
(v) Administer appropriate anthelmintic drugs to infected animals.
(vi) Practise rotational grazing and avoid heavily contaminated pastures.
(4bi)
A: Seine net.
B: Fishing rod and line.
(4bii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) It catches many fish at once.
(ii) It saves time when catching fish in large quantities.
(iii) It requires less individual effort per fish caught.
(iv) It can be used to catch schools of fish.
(v) It increases the total quantity of fish harvested.
(4biii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) It acts as a sinker, keeping the bait and hook submerged in water.
(ii) It helps to keep the bait at the desired depth.
(iii) It helps to stabilise the fishing line in water.
(iv) It helps the bait to sink faster.
(v) It helps to keep the bait in position against water currents.
(4biv)
(i) Cast net.
(ii) Fish trap. | 31 |
| 17 | *WAEC GCE AGRIC PRACTICAL*
(1ia)
To determine the percentage of water content in a soil sample.
(1aii)
I - Evaporating dish
II - Soil sample
III - Tripod stand
IV - Bunsen burner
(1b)
(i) Weigh a clean, empty evaporating dish (I) and record its mass.
(ii) Add a fresh soil sample (II) into the dish, weigh them together, and record the mass before heating.
(iii) Place the dish on the tripod stand (III) and heat it gently using the Bunsen burner (IV) to drive off the moisture.
(iv) Allow the dish and soil to cool inside a desiccator, then weigh it again.
(v) Repeat the heating, cooling, and weighing cycle until a constant mass is obtained.
(1c)
GIVEN:
Mass of I = 40 g
Mass of I + II before = 54 g
Mass of I + II after = 50 g
(1ci)
Mass of II before
54 - 40 = 14 g
(1cii)
Mass of II after
50 - 40 = 10 g
(1ciii)
Mass of water lost
54 - 50 = 4 g
(1civ)
Percentage of water lost
= Mass of water / Mass of II before x 100
= 4 / 14 x 100
= 28.57%
On dry basis = 4/10 x 100 = 40% | 45 |
| 18 | (6a)
(i) Poor Transportation Infrastructure: Bad roads and lack of proper transport vehicles cause severe delays, high shipping costs, and frequent spoilage of perishable goods before they reach urban markets.
(ii) Inadequate Storage and Processing Facilities: A lack of modern storage facilities (like silos and cold rooms) forces farmers to sell their produce immediately after harvest at very low prices to avoid total loss.
(iii) Exploitation by Middlemen: Due to a disorganized market structure, middlemen often buy produce from rural farmers at extremely low rates and resell them at high prices in cities.
(iv) Lack of Standardized Weights and Measures: The absence of uniform weighing scales means produce is often bought using arbitrary volumetric measures (like baskets or bags), which disadvantages the farmer.
(6b)
(i) Earns Foreign Exchange: Exporting goods generates foreign currencies, which strengthens national reserves and stabilizes the local economy.
(ii) Generates Government Revenue: Governments collect taxes, duties, and licensing fees from exporters to fund public infrastructure.
(iii) Creates Employment: The export sector provides jobs across the supply chain, including farming, processing, packaging, and logistics.
(iv) Diversifies the Economy: It reduces a country's over-reliance on a single non-renewable resource (such as oil or minerals) for economic survival.
(v) Boosts Rural Development: Higher income flowing back to agricultural sectors improves the living standards of rural communities.
(6c)
(i) Reduces Pest and Disease Damage: Gathering crops early protects them from field pests like birds, rodents, and insects, as well as fungal infections.
(ii) Prevents Shattering Losses: It prevents over-ripening, which causes the cereal grains to dry out and shatter (fall out of the seed head) onto the ground during handling.
(iii) Minimizes Weather Damage: Early harvesting protects the mature crop from lodging (falling over) or rotting due to unexpected late-season heavy rainfall or strong winds.
(iv) Secures Better Market Prices: Farmers can sell their fresh harvest earlier in the season before the market becomes saturated during the peak harvest glut.
(v) Frees Up Land: It allows the farmer to clear and prepare the field early for the next planting cycle or crop rotation. | 57 |
| 19 | (3ai)
Agricultural pollution refers to the contamination, degradation, or alteration of the environment (soil, water, and air) resulting from farming activities, such as the misuse of agrochemicals, improper waste disposal, and unsustainable land management practices.
(3aii)
(i) Chemical pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides).
(ii) Excessive chemical fertilizers.
(iii) Industrial effluent / Plastics / Heavy metals (or untreated sewage sludge).
(3aiii)
(i) Reduction of soil fertility due to the alteration of soil pH and nutrient depletion.
(ii) Destruction of beneficial soil microorganisms that aid in decomposition and nutrient cycling.
(iii) Reduced crop yield and quality caused by toxicity and stunted plant growth.
(iv) Bioaccumulation of toxic materials in crops, making them unsafe for consumption.
(3b)
COMPLETE THE TABLES;
UNDER: Nature of damage ;
(i) Sucks sap from leaves and growing shoots.
(ii) Causes "bunchy top" or distortion of terminal shoots.
(iii) Causes defoliation (loss of leaves).
(iv) Stunts plant growth, reducing tuber yield.
UNDER; Control measures
(v) Biological control using the parasitic wasp (Anagyrus lopezi).
(vi) Planting resistant or tolerant cassava varieties
(3c)
(i) Hand pulling / Hand weeding: Directly pulling weeds out of the ground by hand.
(ii) Hoeing / Tillage: Utilizing hand tools (hoes) or machinery (plows/cultivers) to cut, uproot, and bury weeds.
(iii) Mulching: Covering the soil surface with organic matter (like straw) or plastic sheets to suffocate weeds and block sunlight. | 37 |
| 20 | *WAEC AGRIC SCIENCE*
*NUMBER TWO*
(2ai)
=Rainfall=
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Adequate rainfall provides water needed for seed germination and crop growth.
(ii) Rainfall dissolves mineral salts in the soil, making them available for absorption by plant roots.
(iii) Excessive rainfall causes soil erosion and leaching of soil nutrients.
(iv) Inadequate rainfall leads to drought, wilting of crops and low crop yield.
(v) Adequate rainfall increases soil moisture, which supports healthy crop development.
(vi) Rainfall softens the soil, making land preparation and tillage easier.
(vii) Seasonal rainfall determines the planting and harvesting periods of many crops.
(viii) Heavy rainfall may cause flooding, which can destroy crops and wash away seedlings.
(2aii)
=Wind=
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Wind helps in the pollination of some crops by carrying pollen grains from one flower to another.
(ii) Wind aids the dispersal of seeds and fruits to new areas.
(iii) Strong winds cause lodging and breakage of crop stems and branches.
(iv) Wind increases evaporation and transpiration, leading to excessive loss of water from the soil and plants.
(v) Wind helps to distribute pollen grains in wind-pollinated crops, promoting fertilisation.
(vi) Strong winds may uproot crops and destroy farm buildings and structures.
(vii) Wind reduces excessive humidity around crops, which may help to reduce some fungal diseases.
(viii) Hot, dry winds increase transpiration and may cause crops to wilt and dry up.
(2b)
Check the image
(2ci)
Clay soil.
(2cii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) It has low permeability, so it prevents water from seeping away easily.
(ii) It retains water for a long period, thereby maintaining the required water level in the pond.
(iii) It is cohesive and can be compacted firmly to form strong pond walls and embankments.
(iv) Clay soil is readily available in many areas, making it relatively easy to obtain for pond construction.
(v) It can be moulded and compacted to form firm and stable pond embankments.
(vi) It helps to maintain a constant water level by reducing seepage through the pond floor.
(vii) It reduces water loss, thereby lowering the cost of frequently refilling the pond. | 38 |
