Spirits of Enlightenment
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None of you should say, “O Allah! I seek Your protection from affliction” because there is none who is not afflicted. But whoever seeks Allah’s protection should seek it from misguiding troubles because Allah, the Glorified One, says the following: “And be admonished that your wealth and your children are a trial” (Holy Quran, 8: 28). It means that He tries people with wealth and progeny in order to distinguish one who is displeased with his livelihood from one who is happy with what he has been given. Even though Allah, the Glorified One, knows them more than they know themselves, yet He does so to let them perform actions with which they earn reward or punishment. This is so because some of them like to have male (children) and dislike to have female (children), whereas some like to amass wealth and dislike adversity.
— Nahj al-Balāgha
لَا يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ "اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْفِتْنَةِ" لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَهُوَ مُشْتَمِلٌ عَلَى فِتْنَةٍ وَلَكِنْ مَنِ اسْتَعَاذَ فَلْيَسْتَعِذْ مِنْ مُضِلَّاتِ الْفِتَنِ.
فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ يَقُولُ «وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّما أَمْوالُكُمْ وَأَوْلادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ» وَمَعْنَى ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ يَخْتَبِرُهُمْ بِالْأَمْوَالِ وَ الْأَوْلَادِ لِيَتَبَيَّنَ السَّاخِطَ لِرِزْقِهِ وَالرَّاضِيَ بِقِسْمِهِ.
وَإِنْ كَانَ سُبْحَانَهُ أَعْلَمَ بِهِمْ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَلَكِنْ لِتَظْهَرَ الْأَفْعَالُ الَّتِي بِهَا يُسْتَحَقُّ الثَّوَابُ وَالْعِقَابُ لِأَنَّ بَعْضَهُمْ يُحِبُّ الذُّكُورَ وَيَكْرَهُ الْإِنَاثَ وَبَعْضَهُمْ يُحِبُّ تَثْمِيرَ الْمَالِ وَيَكْرَهُ انْثِلَامَ الْحَالِ.
— نهـجُ البلاغـة
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي نجْرَانَ، عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] قَالَ:
«مَنْ حَفِظَ مِنْ أَحَادِيثِنَا أَرْبَعِينَ حَدِيثًا بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَالِمًا فَقِيهًا».
— الكافـيAbd ar-Rahman ibn Abi Najran (-) whoever mentioned by the narrator (-) Abū 'Abdillah (p.b.u.h.) as saying: «On the Day of Judgment Allah will raise as a scholar and a learned jurist a person who learns by heart or preserves (in letters and the spirit) of at least forty out of our total traditions.»
— al-Kāfī
عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] قَالَ: قَالَ: يَا حَفْصُ، يُغْفَرُ لِلْجَاهِلِ سَبْعُونَ ذَنْبًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُغْفَرَ لِلْعَالِمِ ذَنْبٌ وَاحِدٌ
وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ]: قَالَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا وَآلِهِ وَعَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: وَيْلٌ لِعُلَمَاءِ السَّوْءِ كَيْفَ تَلَظَّىٰ عَلَيْهِمُ النَّارُ؟!
— الكافـيHafş ibn Ghiyath (-) Abu 'Abdilláh (p.p.u.h.) as saying: "O" Hafs! Seventy sins of an ignorant person are forgiven by Allah before He forgives one single sin of a learned one." According to the above mentioned authorities, "Abū Abdillah (p.b.u.h.) has observed, 'Iså son of Maryam (Jesus, the Prophet peace be upon him and upon our Prophet and his progeny) has said, 'Woe to the wicked scholars, how fiercely do the flames of hell fire envelope them.?!""
— al-Kāfī
عَنْ مسعرِ بْنِ كدامٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ [ الباقـِر عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] يَقُولُ:
« لَمَجْلِسٌ أَجْلِسُهُ إِلَىٰ مَنْ أَثِقُ بِهِ، أَوْثَقُ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ عَمَلِ سَنَةٍ ».
— الكافـيMis'ar ibn Kidam, as saying, "I have heard Abū Ja'far (p.b. u.h.) saying: 'To me having a single session with a man of integrity and con-fidence is far better than doing good deed for the whole year.'
— al-Kāfī
عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] قَالَ: قَامَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ خَطِيبًا فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ: «يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا تُحَدِّثُوا الْجُهَّالَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ فَتَظْلِمُوهَا، وَلَا تَمْنَعُوهَا أَهْلَهَا فَتَظْلِمُوهُمْ».
— الكافـيAbū 'Abdillah (p.b.u.h.) as saying: "Îså ibn Maryam (Jesus, the Prophet) stood up to address the Children of Israel, said: «O' Bani of Isra'il! Never reveal wisdom to the rustic since this is tyranny on wisdom (itself), and never conceal it from those worthy of it since this will be a tyranny on the worthy.»"
— al-Kāfī
عن أمير المؤمنين [ عليه السلام ]:
إِنَّ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِالْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَعْلَمُهُمْ بِمَا جَاءُوا بِهِ ثُمَّ تَلَا [إِنَّ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِإِبْراهِيمَ لَلَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ وَهذَا النَّبِيُّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا...الْآيَةَ]
ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنَّ وَلِيَّ مُحَمَّـدٍ مَنْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَإِنْ بَعُدَتْ لُحْمَتُهُ وَإِنَّ عَدُوَّ مُحَمَّـدٍ مَنْ عَصَى اللَّهَ وَإِنْ قَرُبَتْ قَرَابَتُـهُ.
«The persons most attracted to the prophets are those who know most what the prophets have brought. Then Imam Ali (a.s.) recited this verse: “Verily, of men, the nearest to Abraham are surely those who followed him and this (Our) Prophet (Muhammad [S]) and those who believe” (Holy Quran, 3: 68).
Then he said the following: The friend of Muhammad (S) is whoever obeys Allah, even though he may have no blood relationship [with him], and the enemy of Muhammad (S) is whoever disobeys Allah even though he may have near kinship [with the Prophet (S)].»
– نهـجُ البلاغـة | Nahj al-Balāgha
عَنْ أَبِي خَدِيجَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] قَالَ:
مَنْ أَرَادَ الْحَدِيثَ لِمَنْفَعَةِ الدُّنْيَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ نَصِيبٌ، وَمَنْ أَرَادَ بِهِ خَيْرَ الْآخِرَةِ أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ خَيْرَ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ.
— الكافـيAbi Khadijah (-) Abū 'Abdillah (p.b.u.h.) as saying: "He who acquires knowledge of the traditions to earn worldly gains will have no share of Divine rewards in his life hereafter. And he who acquires this knowledge for the betterment of his life here-after will be sanctioned by Allah the good of this life and the life hereafter."
— al-Kāfī
عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ درَّاجٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] يَقُولُ: «إِذَا بَلَغَتِ النَّفْسُ هَاهُنَا — وَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى حَلْقِهِ — لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْعَالِمِ تَوْبَةٌ»، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ: { إِنَّمَا التَّوْبَةُ عَلَى اللَّهِ لِلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ السُّوءَ بِجَهَالَةٍ } [النساء: 17]
— الكافـيJamil ibn Darráj as saying, "I have heard Abú 'Abdillah (p.b.u.h.) saying: When the last breath of life reaches upto this place,' then the Imam pointed out to his throat, 'the time for the scholars to repent is over once for all. Then the Imam recited this verse from Qur'ân: 'Verily repentance (acceptable) to Allah is only for those who do evil ignorantly." (an-Nisa', 4:17)
— al-Kāfī
عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ [ البَاقـِر عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {فَلْيَنْظُرِ الْإِنْسَانُ إِلَى طَعَامِهِ} [عبس: 24]، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: مَا طَعَامُهُ؟
قَالَ: «عِلْمُهُ الَّذِي يَأْخُذُهُ، عَمَّنْ يَأْخُذُهُ»
— الكافـيZayd ash-Shahham (-) Abū Ja'far al.Baqer (p.b.u.h.) as saying in respect of the words of Allah, "Then let man look at his food" ('Abasa, 80:24). “Food here signifies the knowledge (of religion) and looking into the food means the source from which it is acquired."
— al-Kāfī
وسُـئل عن الخير ما هو ؟ فقال:
لَيْسَ الْخَيْرُ أَنْ يَكْثُرَ مَالُكَ وَ وَلَدُكَ وَلَكِنَّ الْخَيْرَ أَنْ يَكْثُرَ عِلْمُكَ وَأَنْ يَعْظُمَ حِلْمُكَ وَأَنْ تُبَاهِيَ النَّاسَ بِعِبَادَةِ رَبِّكَ.
فَإِنْ أَحْسَنْتَ حَمِدْتَ اللَّهَ وَ إِنْ أَسَأْتَ اسْتَغْفَرْتَ اللَّهَ وَلَا خَيْرَ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا لِرَجُلَيْنِ: رَجُلٍ أَذْنَبَ ذُنُوباً فَهُوَ يَتَدَارَكُهَا بِالتَّوْبَةِ وَ رَجُلٍ يُسَارِعُ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ.
Imam Ali (a.s.) was asked what is good; he replied thus:
«Good is not that your wealth and progeny should be much, but good is that your knowledge should be much, your forbearance should be great and that you should vie with other people in worshipping Allah. If you do good deeds, you should thank Allah, but if you commit evil, you should seek forgiveness of Allah. In this world, good is for two persons only: the man who commits sins but rectifies them by repentance, and the man who hastens towards good deeds.»
– نهـجُ البلاغـة | Nahj al-Balāgha
عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ:
مَنْ عَمِلَ عَلَى غَيْرِ عِلْمٍ كَانَ مَا يُفْسِدُ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا يُصْلِحُ.
— الكافـيIbn Faddal (-) Whoever narrated it to him (-) Abū 'Abdillah (p.b.u.h.) as saying: "The Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h.a.h.p.) said, 'Whoever acts without knowledge actually wrongs more than he corrects.""
— al-Kāfī
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَجَّالِ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ):
«تَذَاكَرُوا وَتَلَاقُوا وَتَحَدَّثُوا؛ فَإِنَّ الْحَدِيثَ جَلَاءٌ لِلْقُلُوبِ، إِنَّ الْقُلُوبَ لَتَرِينُ كَمَا يَرِينُ السَّيْفُ، جَلَاؤُهَا الْحَدِيثُ»
— الكافـيAbdullah ibn Muhammad al-Hajjal (-) some of his associates (rafa'ahu) The Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h.a.h.p.) as saying: "Talk and meet each other to have learned discourses since such talks and discourses on a tradition (hadith) make your hearts transparent. Since the hearts (minds) rust in the same way as the sword does and its polish is such talks on our traditions (hadith)."
— al-Kāfī
Sulayman ibn Ja'far al-Ja'fari (-) the person whose name was mentioned (-) Abū 'Abdillah (p.b. u.h.) as saying, "Amir al-mu'minin observed:
'Among the rights and privileges of a learned scholar is, that you should not ask him numerous questions, you should not pull him by his gown (in demanding answers). When you get into his presence, you should pay distinct and special compliments to him, while paying compliments to all present in his audience. Always sit in front of him and never sit at his back. Never gesticulate with your eyes and hands in his presence. In his presence avoid referring frequently 'such and such man has said this and that and has repudiated you like this and like that. Never be impatient and restless on his long speeches and discourses since a learned scholar is like a palm tree under which the people wait for some fruit to drop down to them. A learned scholar is entitled to far greater divine rewards than the rewards of a person who fasts (in the day) and stands (in prayers) in the night and who wages a war in the way of Allah,"
— al-Kāfī
عن سليمان بن جعفر الجعفري، عمن ذكره، عن أبي عبد الله [ عليه السلام ] قال : كان أمير المؤمنين [ عليه السلام ] يقول :
إنَّ مِنْ حَقِّ العَالِمِ أَنْ لَا تُكْثِرَ عَلَيْهِ السُّؤَالَ، وَلَا تَأْخُذَ بِثَوْبِهِ، وَإِذَا دَخَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ وَعِنْدَهُ قَوْمٌ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيعاً وَخُصَّهُ بِالتَّحِيَّةِ دُونَهُمْ، وَاجْلِسْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَلَا تَجْلِسْ خَلْفَهُ، وَلَا تَغْمِزْ بِعَيْنِكَ وَلَا تُشِرْ بِيَدِكَ، وَلَا تُكْثِرْ مِنَ القَوْلِ: قَالَ فُلَانٌ وَقَالَ فُلَانٌ خِلَافاً لِقَوْلِهِ، وَلَا تَضْجَرْ بِطُولِ صُحْبَتِهِ، فَإِنَّمَا مَثَلُ العَالِمِ مَثَلُ النَّخْلَةِ تَنْتَظِرُهَا حَتَّى يَسْقُطَ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ، وَالعَالِمُ أَعْظَمُ أَجْراً مِنَ الصَّائِمِ القَائِمِ الغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ!
— الكافـي
عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ [ الْبَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] قَالَ : زَكَاةُ الْعِلْمِ أَنْ تُعَلِّمَهُ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ.
— الكافـي'Amr ibn Shimr (-) Jabir (-) Abū Ja'far al.Baqer (p.b.u.h.) as saying: «The divine tax on knowledge is to teach it to Allah's creatures people.»
— al-Kāfī
+1
عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَبريدٍ الْعجلِيِّ قَالُوا: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] لِحُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ فِي شَيْءٍ سَأَلَهُ:
« إِنَّمَا يَهْلِكُ النَّاسُ لِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَسْأَلُونَ.»
— الكافـيZurárah, Muhammad ibn Muslim and Burayd al-'Ijli, as saying: "Abu 'Abdillah (p.b.u.h.) while addressing Humrån ibn A'yan, who has inquired from him about something, said, 'Verily, many a people met their doom just because they do not interrogate.""
— al-Kāfī
عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ] قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «مُجَالَسَةُ أَهْلِ الدِّينِ شَرَفُ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ».
— الكافـيManşür ibn Hazim (-) Abū 'Abdillah (p.b.u.h.) as saying, "The Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h.a.h.p.) said: 'Keeping the company of the holy religious people is a matter of honour in this life and also in the life hereafter.""
— al-Kāfī
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