Web Development

▎Common Backend Development Terms 1. Server: A computer or system that provides data, resources, or services to other computers (clients) over a network. 2. Database: An organized collection of data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. Common databases include MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and SQLite. 3. API (Application Programming Interface): A set of protocols and tools that allows different software applications to communicate with each other, often exposing endpoints for data interaction. 4. REST (Representational State Transfer): An architectural style for designing networked applications that use HTTP requests to access and manipulate data, typically in JSON or XML format. 5. GraphQL: A query language for APIs that allows clients to request only the data they need, providing a more efficient and flexible alternative to REST. 6. Middleware: Software that acts as a bridge between different applications or services, often handling requests and responses in web applications. 7. Authentication: The process of verifying the identity of a user or system, often using methods like passwords, tokens, or OAuth. 8. Authorization: The process of determining whether a user or system has permission to perform a specific action or access certain resources. 9. Session Management: The technique used to manage user sessions in web applications, allowing users to stay logged in and maintain state across multiple requests. 10. Microservices: An architectural style that structures an application as a collection of small, loosely coupled services, each responsible for a specific business function. 11. Monolithic Architecture: A traditional software architecture where all components of an application are combined into a single, unified codebase. 12. CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete): The four basic operations of persistent storage, representing the fundamental functions of a database. 13. ORM (Object-Relational Mapping): A programming technique used to convert data between incompatible type systems in object-oriented programming languages, allowing developers to interact with databases using objects instead of SQL queries. 14. Web Server: A server that handles HTTP requests from clients, serving web pages and resources. Examples include Apache, Nginx, and Microsoft IIS. 15. Load Balancer: A device or software that distributes network or application traffic across multiple servers to ensure reliability and performance. 16. Caching: The process of storing copies of files or data in temporary storage locations to reduce latency and improve performance in data retrieval. 17. Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD): A set of practices that enable developers to automatically test and deploy code changes to production environments quickly and reliably. 18. Version Control: A system that tracks changes to code over time, allowing developers to collaborate effectively and manage different versions of their applications, commonly using tools like Git. 19. Containerization: A method of packaging an application and its dependencies into a container that can run consistently across different computing environments, often using tools like Docker. 20. Serverless Computing: A cloud computing model where the cloud provider automatically manages the infrastructure required to run applications, allowing developers to focus on writing code without worrying about server management.