UPSC Optional Notes

MPPCS 2026 CUTOFF nikalne ki last days strategy, most important topics full Study plan By GYAN SIR

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With Prelims 2026 approaching, Kamaraj IAS Academy is launching a special 75-Day Strategy Initiative – Prelude to Prelims 2026 designed to help aspirants focus on what truly matters for the examination. Over the next 75 days, we will provide subject-wise smart analysis of expected areas of questions. 📚 Carefully curated exam-oriented content 🔗 Trend analysis based on previous year questions 🔗 Concept clarity with current affairs integration 📖 Revise, analyze, and master the most expected areas of questions. 📌 Through our Telegram channel, aspirants will receive exclusive content, daily updates, and focused preparation materials to strengthen their Prelims preparation. 🗓 Prepare Smart. Stay Consistent. Achieve Success. Let these 75 days become the turning point in your UPSC journey. 📩 Regularly follow our Telegram channel - t.me/kamarajias

🏆 Topper Talks on Telegram Live! 2-Time AIR Holder 🎯 Amar Baghel (AIR 592 & 583) 📄 Sociology Optional Score: 278 & 277 ✅ Learn strategy. ✅ Ask questions. ✅ Get real insights. 🗓 22 March 2026 (Sunday) | ⏰ 11:00 AM 👉 Join Live https://t.me/+fLfI5NIusnIxOWM1

*🛡️Retired Judge* ♟️At any time, the chief justice of India can request a retired judge of the Supreme Court or a retired judge of a high court (who is duly qualified for appointment as a judge of the Supreme Court) to act as a judge of the Supreme Court for a temporary period. ♟️He can do so only with the previous consent of the president and also of the person to be so appointed. ♟️Such a judge is entitled to such allowances as the president may determine. ♟️He will also enjoy all the jurisdiction, powers and privileges of a judge of Supreme Court. But, he will not otherwise be deemed to be a judge of the Supreme Court.

*🛡️Impact of a Falling Rupee* 💎 *Mnemonic:-* "CRISIS"-- Rupee Depreciation Triggers an Economic CRISIS! *♟️C- Costlier Imports*- Crude oil, electronics, and raw materials become expensive. *♟️R- Rising Inflation-* Businesses pass higher import costs to consumers. *♟️I- Investor Flight-* Foreign investors withdraw capital from Indian markets. *♟️S- Shrinking Export Gains-* Inflation-driven input costs negate export benefits. *♟️I- Increasing Debt Burden-* Foreign debt becomes expensive, raising repayment costs. *♟️S- Stock Market Volatility-* Economic uncertainty reduces foreign investments. *Hit 👍❤️👌 To Appreciate our Consistent Efforts.*

*🛡️Sixth Schedule* ♟️Provides power to tribal communities to administer tribal areas in Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, And Mizoram under art 244 (2) and art 275 (1) of the constitution. *💎Advantages* ♟️Democratic devolution of powers ♟️Preserves and promotes distinct culture of region ♟️Protect agrarian rights such as land ♟️Enhance transfer of funds *💎Issues* ♟️Limited geographical coverage ♟️Financial mismanagement and rampant corruption ♟️Financial dependency over state authority ♟️Conflicts over consultation between governor and council of ministers ♟️Lack authority of resources for implementing schemes like mgnrega. ♟️Lack of codification of customary laws ♟️Lack of skilled professionals. ♟️Creation of elected village councils ♟️Regular election by state election commission ♟️Recognize gram sabha under laws ♟️Bring transparency in planning, implementation, and monitoring of developmental programmes.

*🛡️Important Conferences Related to Environment* ♟️Ramsar Convention - 1971 ♟️Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora - 1973 ♟️Montreal Protocol - 1987 ♟️Vienna Convention - 1988 ♟️Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) - 1992 ♟️United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) - 1992 ♟️Basel Convention - 1989 ♟️Rio Summit - 1992 ♟️Stockholm Convention - 2001 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety - 2000 ♟️UN-REDD - 2008 ♟️Nagoya Protocol - 2010 ♟️Minamata Convention - 2013 ♟️United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) - 1994 ♟️Kyoto Protocol - 1997 ♟️Rotterdam Convention - 1998

*🛶Bhima River⛵* 🌊The Bhima River (also known as the Chandrabagha River) is a major river in southwest India. 🌊It is a major tributary of the Krishna River. *💧Course* 🌊It originates in the Bhimashankar hills near Karjat on the western side of the Western Ghats, inthe Pune District of Maharashtra. 🌊Bhima flows southeast through the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Telangana. 🌊The Bhima River merges into the Krishna River at Kadlur (Raichur) in Karnataka. 🌊This 861 km-long river has the Western Ghats on the west, the Balaghat Range in the north, and the Mahadeo Hills in the south. 🌊It runs in a well-entrenched valley, and its banks are heavily populated. 🌊The total basin area of the river is 48,631 sq. km, out of which 75 percent lie in the state of Maharashtra. 🌊The river is rain-fed, and the volume of the river varies based on the monsoonal changes. 🌊Major tributaries are the Sina and Nira rivers. 🌊Pandharpur is an important pilgrimage centre located on the right bank of Bhima River.

*🛡️List of Foreign Travellers Visited VIJAYANAGARA* *♟️Abu Abdullah/ lbn Batuta (Book:Rihla) -* Morocco - Harihara I *♟️Nicolo de Conti -* Italy - Devaraya-II *♟️Abdur Razzaq -* Persia - Devaraya-II *♟️Athanasius Nikitin -* Russia - Virupaksha Raya II *♟️Ludvico de Vorthema -* Italy - Krishna Deva Raya *♟️Duarte Barbosa -* Portugal - Krishna Deva Raya *♟️Dominigo Paes -* Portugal - Krishna Deva Raya *♟️Fernao Nuniz -* Portugal - Achyuta Deva Raya *♟️Marco Polo -* Venice - Achyuta Deva Raya *Hit 👍❤️👌 to Appreciate our Consistent Efforts.*

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With Prelims 2026 approaching, Kamaraj IAS Academy is launching a special 75-Day Strategy Initiative – Prelude to Prelims 2026 designed to help aspirants focus on what truly matters for the examination. Over the next 75 days, we will provide subject-wise smart analysis of expected areas of questions. 📚 Carefully curated exam-oriented content 🔗 Trend analysis based on previous year questions 🔗 Concept clarity with current affairs integration 📖 Revise, analyze, and master the most expected areas of questions. 📌 Through our Telegram channel, aspirants will receive exclusive content, daily updates, and focused preparation materials to strengthen their Prelims preparation. 🗓 Prepare Smart. Stay Consistent. Achieve Success. Let these 75 days become the turning point in your UPSC journey. 📩 Regularly follow our Telegram channel - t.me/kamarajias

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🚫 Stop endless scrolling. ✅ Start smart scrolling. We post 8–10 UPSC-oriented MCQs every day. Turn your scroll time into revision time. Come, practice daily, stay exam-ready. 📌 Follow this channel & solve MCQs daily https://t.me/northstarinstitute

Hcs 2026 CUTOFF nikalne ki last days strategy, most important topics full Study plan By GYAN SIR