Coding Projects
前往频道在 Telegram
Channel specialized for advanced concepts and projects to master: * Python programming * Web development * Java programming * Artificial Intelligence * Machine Learning Managed by: @love_data
显示更多📈 Telegram 频道 Coding Projects 的分析概览
频道 Coding Projects (@programming_experts) 英语 语言赛道中的 是活跃参与者。目前社区聚集了 67 904 名订阅者,在 技术与应用 类别中位列第 1 910,并在 印度 地区排名第 4 640 位。
📊 受众指标与增长动态
自 невідомо 创建以来,项目保持高速增长,吸引了 67 904 名订阅者。
根据 30 十月, 2026 的最新数据,频道保持稳定运转。过去 30 天订阅人数变化为 133,过去 24 小时变化为 -13,整体触达仍然可观。
- 认证状态: 未认证
- 互动率 (ER): 平均受众互动率为 3.11%。内容发布后 24 小时内通常能获得 1.03% 的反应,占订阅者总量。
- 帖子覆盖: 每篇帖子平均可获得 2 114 次浏览,首日通常累积 698 次浏览。
- 互动与反馈: 受众积极参与,单帖平均反应数为 4。
- 主题关注点: 内容集中在 |--, algorithm, array, framework, javascript 等核心主题上。
📝 描述与内容策略
作者将该频道定位为表达主观观点的平台:
“Channel specialized for advanced concepts and projects to master:
* Python programming
* Web development
* Java programming
* Artificial Intelligence
* Machine Learning
Managed by: @love_data”
凭借高频更新(最新数据采集于 31 十月, 2026),频道始终保持新鲜度与高覆盖。分析显示受众积极互动,使其成为 技术与应用 类别中的关键影响点。
67 904
订阅者
-1324 小时
-427 天
+13330 天
帖子存档
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𝟳+ 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗚𝗼𝗼𝗴𝗹𝗲 𝗖𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗕𝗼𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝗬𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗲𝗿😍
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15 Best Project Ideas for Backend Development : 🛠️🌐
🚀 Beginner Level :
1. 📦 RESTful API for a To-Do App
2. 📝 Contact Form Backend
3. 🗂️ File Upload Service
4. 📬 Email Subscription Service
5. 🧾 Notes App Backend
🌟 Intermediate Level :
6. 🛒 E-commerce Backend with Cart & Orders
7. 🔐 Authentication System (JWT/OAuth)
8. 🧑🤝🧑 User Management API
9. 🧾 Invoice Generator API
10. 🧠 Blog CMS Backend
🌌 Advanced Level :
11. 🧠 AI Chatbot Backend Integration
12. 📈 Real-Time Stock Tracker using WebSockets
13. 🎧 Music Streaming Server
14. 💬 Real-Time Chat Server
15. ⚙️ Microservices Architecture for Large Apps
Here you can find more Coding Project Ideas: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VazkxJ62UPB7OQhBE502
Web Development Jobs: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vb1raTiDjiOias5ARu2p
JavaScript Resources: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VavR9OxLtOjJTXrZNi32
ENJOY LEARNING 👍👍
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𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘 𝗖𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲 𝗢𝗻 𝗦𝗼𝗳𝘁𝘄𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁😍
Kickstart your journey with this FREE software development course designed for beginners and aspiring professionals👨🎓📌
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Want to get started with System design interview preparation, start with these 👇
1. Learn to understand requirements
2. Learn the difference between horizontal and vertical scaling.
3. Study latency and throughput trade-offs and optimization techniques.
4. Understand the CAP Theorem (Consistency, Availability, Partition Tolerance).
5. Learn HTTP/HTTPS protocols, request-response lifecycle, and headers.
6. Understand DNS and how domain resolution works.
7. Study load balancers, their types (Layer 4 and Layer 7), and algorithms.
8. Learn about CDNs, their use cases, and caching strategies.
9. Understand SQL databases (ACID properties, normalization) and NoSQL types (key–value, document, graph).
10. Study caching tools (Redis, Memcached) and strategies (write-through, write-back, eviction policies).
11. Learn about blob storage systems like S3 or Google Cloud Storage.
12. Study sharding and horizontal partitioning of databases.
13. Understand replication (leader–follower, multi-leader) and consistency models.
14. Learn failover mechanisms like active-passive and active-active setups.
15. Study message queues like RabbitMQ, Kafka, and SQS.
16. Understand consensus algorithms such as Paxos and Raft.
17. Learn event-driven architectures, Pub/Sub models, and event sourcing.
18. Study distributed transactions (two-phase commit, sagas).
19. Learn rate-limiting techniques (token bucket, leaky bucket algorithms).
20. Study API design principles for REST, GraphQL, and gRPC.
21. Understand microservices architecture, communication, and trade-offs with monoliths.
22. Learn authentication and authorization methods (OAuth, JWT, SSO).
23. Study metrics collection tools like Prometheus or Datadog.
24. Understand logging systems (e.g., ELK stack) and tracing tools (OpenTelemetry, Jaeger).
25.Learn about encryption (data at rest and in transit) and rate-limiting for security.
26. And then practise the most commonly asked questions like URL shorteners, chat systems, ride-sharing apps, search engines, video streaming, and e-commerce websites
Coding Interview Resources: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VammZijATRSlLxywEC3X
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🚀 𝗣𝗮𝘆 𝗔𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗰𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 – 𝗘𝗮𝗿𝗻 𝗨𝗽𝘁𝗼 ₹𝟰𝟭 𝗟𝗣𝗔!
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What is Docker ?
1 • Development
Lets say You created an Application
And that's working fine in your machine
2 • Production
But in Production it doesn't work properly
Developers experince it a lot
3 • That is when the Developer's famous words are spoken
Client - Your application is not working 😡
Developer - It's working on my Machine 😒
4 • The Reason could be due to:
• Dependencies
• Libraries and versions
• Framework
• OS Level features
• Microservices
That the developers machine has but not there in the production environment
5 • DOCKER
We need a standardized way to package the application with its dependencies and deploy it on any environment.
Docker is a tool designed to make it easier to create, deploy, and run applications by using containers.
So it will always work the same regardless of its environment
6 • How Does Docker Work?
Docker packages an application and all its dependencies in a virtual container that can run on any Linux server.
7 • Each container runs as an isolated process in the user space and take up less space than regular VMs due to their layered architecture.
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Repost from Generative AI
𝟱 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗠𝗜𝗧 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀 𝗬𝗼𝘂 𝗖𝗮𝗻 𝗧𝗮𝗸𝗲 𝗢𝗻𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟱😍
MIT is known for world-class education—but you don’t need to walk its halls to access its knowledge👨💻📌
Thanks to edX, anyone can enroll in these free MIT-certified courses from anywhere in the world💻🚀
𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐤👇:-
https://pdlink.in/43eM8I2
Let’s explore 5 of the best free courses MIT has to offer✅️
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Here's the A–Z list of essential Python programming concepts
A - Arguments
B - Built-in Functions
C - Comprehensions
D - Dictionaries
E - Exceptions
F - Functions
G - Generators
H - Higher-Order Functions
I - Iterators
J - Join Method
K - Keyword Arguments
L - Lambda Functions
M - Modules
N - NoneType
O - Object-Oriented Programming
P - PEP8
Q - Queue
R - Range Function
S - Sets
T - Tuples
U - Unpacking
V - Variables
W - While Loop
X - XOR Operation
Y - Yield Keyword
Z - Zip Function
These concepts are foundational to mastering Python and writing clean, efficient, and Pythonic code.
Credits: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L
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𝟲 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗙𝘂𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲-𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗼𝗳 𝗦𝗸𝗶𝗹𝗹𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟱😍
Want to Stay Ahead in 2025? Learn These 6 In-Demand Skills for FREE!🚀
The future of work is evolving fast, and mastering the right skills today can set you up for big success tomorrow🎯
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Enjoy Learning ✅️
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5 beginner-to-intermediate projects you can build if you're learning Programming & AI
1. AI-Powered Chatbot (Using Python)
Build a simple chatbot that can understand and respond to user inputs. You can use rule-based logic at first, and then explore NLP with libraries like NLTK or spaCy.
Skills: Python, NLP, Regex, Basic ML
Ideas to include:
- Greeting and small talk
- FAQ-based responses
- Sentiment-based replies
You can also integrate it with Telegram or Discord bot
2. Movie Recommendation System
Create a recommendation system based on movie genre, user preferences, or ratings using collaborative filtering or content-based filtering.
Skills: Python, Pandas, Scikit-learn
Ideas to include:
- Use TMDB or MovieLens datasets
- Add filtering by genre
- Include cosine similarity logic
3. AI-Powered Resume Parser
Upload a PDF or DOCX resume and let your app extract name, skills, experience, education, and output it in a structured format.
Skills: Python, NLP, Regex, Flask
Ideas to include:
- File upload option
- Named Entity Recognition (NER) with spaCy
- Save extracted info into a CSV/Database
4. To-Do App with Smart Suggestions
A regular to-do list but with an AI assistant that suggests tasks based on previous entries (e.g., you often add "buy milk" on Mondays? It suggests it.)
Skills: JavaScript/React + AI API (like OpenAI or custom model)
Ideas to include:
- CRUD functionality
- Natural Language date/time parsing
- AI suggestion module
5. Fake News Detector
Given a news headline or article, predict if it’s fake or real. A great application of classification problems.
Skills: Python, NLP, ML (Logistic Regression or TF-IDF + Naive Bayes)
Ideas to include:
- Use datasets from Kaggle
- Preprocess with stopwords, lemmatization
- Display prediction result with probability
React with ❤️ if you want me to share source code or free resources to build these projects
Coding Projects: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VazkxJ62UPB7OQhBE502
Software Developer Jobs: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VatL9a22kNFtPtLApJ2L
ENJOY LEARNING 👍👍
67 904
𝟳 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘 𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗛𝗧𝗠𝗟, 𝗖𝗦𝗦 & 𝗝𝗮𝘃𝗮𝗦𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁😍
Whether you’re a beginner or brushing up your skills, these free platforms will help you master HTML, CSS, and JavaScript—the essential trio for front-end development👨💻💻
𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐤👇:-
https://pdlink.in/4dhodfq
This is your one-stop resource guide to becoming a confident developer✅️
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Top 10 VS Code Extensions 📚👨🏻💻
✨ Prettier - Clean, consistent auto-formatting
🧩 Bracket Pair Colorizer - Color-coded brackets
⚡ Live Server - Auto-refresh websites as you code
📸 CodeSnap - Snap stunning code screenshots
🌌 Aura Theme - Sleek dark mode for your editor
🗂️ Material Icon Theme - Colorful file icons, easy nav
🤖 GitHub Copilot - AI code buddy with smart suggestions
🛠️ ESLint - Catch and fix errors on the fly
🚀 Tabnine - Speed up coding with AI autocomplete
🔍 Path Intellisense - Auto path imports, zero hassle
React ❤️ for more like this
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Typical java interview questions sorted by experience
Junior
* Name some of the characteristics of OO programming languages
* What are the access modifiers you know? What does each one do?
* What is the difference between overriding and overloading a method in Java?
* What’s the difference between an Interface and an abstract class?
* Can an Interface extend another Interface?
* What does the static word mean in Java?
* Can a static method be overridden in Java?
* What is Polymorphism? What about Inheritance?
* Can a constructor be inherited?
* Do objects get passed by reference or value in Java? Elaborate on that.
* What’s the difference between using == and .equals on a string?
* What is the hashCode() and equals() used for?
* What does the interface Serializable do? What about Parcelable in Android?
* Why are Array and ArrayList different? When would you use each?
* What’s the difference between an Integer and int?
* What is a ThreadPool? Is it better than using several “simple” threads?
* What the difference between local, instance and class variables?
Mid
* What is reflection?
* What is dependency injection? Can you name a few libraries? (Have you used any?)
* What are strong, soft and weak references in Java?
* What does the keyword synchronized mean?
* Can you have “memory leaks” on Java?
* Do you need to set references to null on Java/Android?
* What does it means to say that a String is immutable?
* What are transient and volatile modifiers?
* What is the finalize() method?
* How does the try{} finally{} works?
* What is the difference between instantiation and initialisation of an object?
* When is a static block run?
* Why are Generics are used in Java?
* Can you mention the design patterns you know? Which of those do you normally use?
* Can you mention some types of testing you know?
Senior
* How does Integer.parseInt() works?
* Do you know what is the “double check locking” problem?
* Do you know the difference between StringBuffer and StringBuilder?
* How is a StringBuilder implemented to avoid the immutable string allocation problem?
* What does Class.forName method do?
* What is Autoboxing and Unboxing?
* What’s the difference between an Enumeration and an Iterator?
* What is the difference between fail-fast and fail safe in Java?
* What is PermGen in Java?
* What is a Java priority queue?
* *s performance influenced by using the same number in different types: Int, Double and Float?
* What is the Java Heap?
* What is daemon thread?
* Can a dead thread be restarted?
Source: medium.
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𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸 𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗛𝗼𝗺𝗲 𝗢𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆😍
Top 5 global tech companies hiring
▪️ CTC: ₹3.2–₹4 LPA
▪️ Exp: 0–4 yrs (Freshers welcome)
▪️ Location: Remote
Apply by:- 18 May 2025, 11:59 PM
𝗔𝗽𝗽𝗹𝘆 𝗡𝗼𝘄👇 :-
https://pdlink.in/4mcgy6p
A great chance to work with a global e-commerce leader—don’t miss it!
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Python Roadmap for 2025: Complete Guide
1. Python Fundamentals
1.1 Variables, constants, and comments.
1.2 Data types: int, float, str, bool, complex.
1.3 Input and output (input(), print(), formatted strings).
1.4 Python syntax: Indentation and code structure.
2. Operators
2.1 Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %, //, **.
2.2 Comparison: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=.
2.3 Logical: and, or, not.
2.4 Bitwise: &, |, ^, ~, <<, >>.
2.5 Identity: is, is not.
2.6 Membership: in, not in.
3. Control Flow
3.1 Conditional statements: if, elif, else.
3.2 Loops: for, while.
3.3 Loop control: break, continue, pass.
4. Data Structures
4.1 Lists: Indexing, slicing, methods (append(), pop(), sort(), etc.).
4.2 Tuples: Immutability, packing/unpacking.
4.3 Dictionaries: Key-value pairs, methods (get(), items(), etc.).
4.4 Sets: Unique elements, set operations (union, intersection).
4.5 Strings: Immutability, methods (split(), strip(), replace()).
5. Functions
5.1 Defining functions with def.
5.2 Arguments: Positional, keyword, default, *args, **kwargs.
5.3 Anonymous functions (lambda).
5.4 Recursion.
6. Modules and Packages
6.1 Importing: import, from ... import.
6.2 Standard libraries: math, os, sys, random, datetime, time.
6.3 Installing external libraries with pip.
7. File Handling
7.1 Open and close files (open(), close()).
7.2 Read and write (read(), write(), readlines()).
7.3 Using context managers (with open(...)).
8. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
8.1 Classes and objects.
8.2 Methods and attributes.
8.3 Constructor (init).
8.4 Inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation.
8.5 Special methods (str, repr, etc.).
9. Error and Exception Handling
9.1 try, except, else, finally.
9.2 Raising exceptions (raise).
9.3 Custom exceptions.
10. Comprehensions
10.1 List comprehensions.
10.2 Dictionary comprehensions.
10.3 Set comprehensions.
11. Iterators and Generators
11.1 Creating iterators using iter() and next().
11.2 Generators with yield.
11.3 Generator expressions.
12. Decorators and Closures
12.1 Functions as first-class citizens.
12.2 Nested functions.
12.3 Closures.
12.4 Creating and applying decorators.
13. Advanced Topics
13.1 Context managers (with statement).
13.2 Multithreading and multiprocessing.
13.3 Asynchronous programming with async and await.
13.4 Python's Global Interpreter Lock (GIL).
14. Python Internals
14.1 Mutable vs immutable objects.
14.2 Memory management and garbage collection.
14.3 Python's name == "main" mechanism.
15. Libraries and Frameworks
15.1 Data Science: NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn.
15.2 Web Development: Flask, Django, FastAPI.
15.3 Testing: unittest, pytest.
15.4 APIs: requests, http.client.
15.5 Automation: selenium, os.
15.6 Machine Learning: scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch.
16. Tools and Best Practices
16.1 Debugging: pdb, breakpoints.
16.2 Code style: PEP 8 guidelines.
16.3 Virtual environments: venv.
16.4 Version control: Git + GitHub.
👇 Python Interview 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲𝘀
https://t.me/dsabooks
📘 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗶𝘂𝗺 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲𝘀 : https://topmate.io/coding/914624
📙 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaxbzNFCxoAmYgiGTL3Z
Join What's app channel for jobs updates: t.me/getjobss
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𝟮𝟬 𝗠𝘂𝘀𝘁-𝗞𝗻𝗼𝘄 𝗦𝗤𝗟 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄 𝗤𝘂𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝗔𝘀𝗸𝗲𝗱 𝗯𝘆 𝗚𝗼𝗼𝗴𝗹𝗲, 𝗔𝗺𝗮𝘇𝗼𝗻 & 𝗠𝗶𝗰𝗿𝗼𝘀𝗼𝗳𝘁😍
Are you preparing for SQL interviews but feeling unsure about what to expect?🎯
Whether you’re aiming for roles at Google, Amazon, Microsoft, or top startups, these 20 commonly asked SQL interview questions are your secret weapon to ace the technical rounds📊📌
𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐤👇:-
https://pdlink.in/4jXfSAh
All The Best 🎊
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𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬 : 𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐬, 𝐭𝐮𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐬, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬
𝐋𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐬:
- Lists are ordered collections of items.
- They are mutable, meaning you can change their content after creation.
- You can have duplicate values in a list.
- Lists are defined using square brackets [ ].
Example:
my_list = [1, 2, 3, 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
𝐓𝐮𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐬:
- Tuples are ordered collections of items, similar to lists.
- However, they are immutable, meaning once created, their content cannot be changed.
- Tuples are defined using parentheses ( ).
- You can have duplicate values in a tuple.
Example:
my_tuple = (1, 2, 3, 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry')
𝐃𝐢𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬:
- Dictionaries are unordered collections of items that are stored as key-value pairs.
- They are mutable.
- Dictionaries are defined using curly braces { }.
- Each key in a dictionary must be unique, but the values can be duplicated.
Example:
my_dict = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Python Interviews 👇👇
https://topmate.io/coding/898340
Hope you'll like it
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DSA INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. What is the difference between file structure and storage structure?
The difference lies in the memory area accessed. Storage structure refers to the data structure in the memory of the computer system,
whereas file structure represents the storage structure in the auxiliary memory.
2. Are linked lists considered linear or non-linear Data Structures?
Linked lists are considered both linear and non-linear data structures depending upon the application they are used for. When used for
access strategies, it is considered as a linear data-structure. When used for data storage, it is considered a non-linear data structure.
3. How do you reference all of the elements in a one-dimension array?
All of the elements in a one-dimension array can be referenced using an indexed loop as the array subscript so that the counter runs
from 0 to the array size minus one.
4. What are dynamic Data Structures? Name a few.
They are collections of data in memory that expand and contract to grow or shrink in size as a program runs. This enables the programmer
to control exactly how much memory is to be utilized.Examples are the dynamic array, linked list, stack, queue, and heap.
5. What is a Dequeue?
It is a double-ended queue, or a data structure, where the elements can be inserted or deleted at both ends (FRONT and REAR).
6. What operations can be performed on queues?
enqueue() adds an element to the end of the queue
dequeue() removes an element from the front of the queue
init() is used for initializing the queue
isEmpty tests for whether or not the queue is empty
The front is used to get the value of the first data item but does not remove it
The rear is used to get the last item from a queue.
7. What is the merge sort? How does it work?
Merge sort is a divide-and-conquer algorithm for sorting the data. It works by merging and sorting adjacent data to create bigger sorted
lists, which are then merged recursively to form even bigger sorted lists until you have one single sorted list.
8.How does the Selection sort work?
Selection sort works by repeatedly picking the smallest number in ascending order from the list and placing it at the beginning. This process is repeated moving toward the end of the list or sorted subarray.
Scan all items and find the smallest. Switch over the position as the first item. Repeat the selection sort on the remaining N-1 items. We always iterate forward (i from 0 to N-1) and swap with the smallest element (always i).
Time complexity: best case O(n2); worst O(n2)
Space complexity: worst O(1)
9. What are the applications of graph Data Structure?
Transport grids where stations are represented as vertices and routes as the edges of the graph
Utility graphs of power or water, where vertices are connection points and edge the wires or pipes connecting them
Social network graphs to determine the flow of information and hotspots (edges and vertices)
Neural networks where vertices represent neurons and edge the synapses between them
10. What is an AVL tree?
An AVL (Adelson, Velskii, and Landi) tree is a height balancing binary search tree in which the difference of heights of the left
and right subtrees of any node is less than or equal to one. This controls the height of the binary search tree by not letting
it get skewed. This is used when working with a large data set, with continual pruning through insertion and deletion of data.
11. Differentiate NULL and VOID ?
Null is a value, whereas Void is a data type identifier
Null indicates an empty value for a variable, whereas void indicates pointers that have no initial size
Null means it never existed; Void means it existed but is not in effect
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