PRELIMS TRICKS

🔆 Lucknow Pact, 1916 📍 What was the Lucknow Pact? 🟢 The Lucknow Pact (1916) was an agreement that brought together the Congress and the Muslim League on a common set of political demands. 🟢 Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant played leading roles in bringing the Pact into existence. 🟢 It also marked the reunion of the Moderates and Extremists within the Congress. 📍 Importance & Significance 🟢 Extremists readmitted: The Extremists were readmitted into the Congress under the presidency of Ambika Charan Majumdar. 🟢 End of the Surat Split: Moderates and Extremists realised the damaging consequences of the 1907 Surat Split, which had contributed to political inactivity. 🟢 Congress–League unity: For the first time, the Congress and the Muslim League came together for common constitutional demands. 🟢 Minority concerns: It reflected the Congress’s sincere attempt to address minority fears regarding majority domination. 🟢 Change within the League: The Pact reflected a shift in the Muslim League’s position under younger nationalists with a more anti-imperialist orientation. 📍 Main Features 🟢 Self-government: There should be self-government in India. 🟢 India Council: The India Council should be abolished. 🟢 Secretary of State: His salary should be paid by the British Government and not from Indian revenues. 🟢 Separation of powers: The executive should be separated from the judiciary. 🟢 Central representation: Muslims should receive one-third representation in the Central Government. 🟢 Separate electorates: Separate electorates for all communities should continue until the communities themselves demanded joint electorates. 🟢 Weightage: Minority communities should receive political representation greater than their proportional share of the population. 🟢 Central Legislative Council: Its membership should be increased to 150. 🟢 Term: The Legislative Council should have a five-year term. 🟢 President: Members of the Legislative Council should elect their own president. 🟢 Indian representation: Half the members of the Imperial Legislative Council should be Indians. 📍 Provincial Legislative Councils 🟢 Four-fifths of members should be elected and one-fifth nominated. 🟢 Muslim representation in provincial legislatures should be determined province by province. 🟢 All members, except nominated members, should be elected directly on the basis of adult franchise. 📍 Prelims Quick Revision 🟢 Year: 1916 🟢 Key leaders: Tilak and Annie Besant 🟢 Congress President: Ambika Charan Majumdar 🟢 Major outcomes: Congress–League cooperation + reunion of Moderates and Extremists 🟢 Political principle: Separate electorates and weightage for minorities #history #prelims #mains Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history