AI Coding & CSE Fundamentals

Math Menu Mania: Choose Your Own Calculation Adventure!

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int choice, a, b, result;

    printf("1. Add\n2. Subtract\n3. Multiply\n4. Divide\nEnter your choice: ");
    scanf("%d", &choice);

    printf("Enter two numbers: ");
    scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);

    switch (choice) {
        case 1:
            result = a + b;
            printf("Result: %d\n", result);
            break;
        case 2:
            result = a - b;
            printf("Result: %d\n", result);
            break;
        case 3:
            result = a * b;
            printf("Result: %d\n", result);
            break;
        case 4:
            if (b != 0) {
                result = a / b;
                printf("Result: %d\n", result);
            } else {
                printf("Cannot divide by zero!\n");
            }
            break;
        default:
            printf("Invalid choice!\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

#CProgramming #ControlFlow #XOR

Equal Numbers? 🧐 No '==' Allowed! (If + XOR)

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num1, num2;
    scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);

    if ((num1 ^ num2) == 0) {
        printf("Numbers are equal!");
    } else {
        printf("Numbers are not equal!");
    }

    return 0;
}

#Cprogramming #ControlFlow #QuadraticEquation

Quadratic Equations: Branching into Solutions! 🧮

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
    float a, b, c, discriminant, root1, root2, realPart, imagPart;

    printf("Enter coefficients a, b, and c: ");
    scanf("%f %f %f", &a, &b, &c);

    discriminant = b * b - 4 * a * c;

    if (discriminant > 0) {
        root1 = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
        root2 = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
        printf("Root 1 = %.2f and Root 2 = %.2f", root1, root2);
    } else if (discriminant == 0) {
        root1 = root2 = -b / (2 * a);
        printf("Root 1 = Root 2 = %.2f;", root1);
    } else {
        realPart = -b / (2 * a);
        imagPart = sqrt(-discriminant) / (2 * a);
        printf("Root 1 = %.2f+%.2fi and Root 2 = %.2f-%.2fi", realPart, imagPart, realPart, imagPart);
    }

    return 0;
}

#Cprogramming #LeapYear #ControlFlow

Leap Year Logic: Decode the Dates! 📅

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int year;
    scanf("%d", &year);

    if (year % 4 == 0) {
        if (year % 100 == 0) {
            if (year % 400 == 0) {
                printf("Leap year\n");
            } else {
                printf("Not a leap year\n");
            }
        } else {
            printf("Leap year\n");
        }
    } else {
        printf("Not a leap year\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

#CProgramming #ControlFlow #PrimeNumbers

Prime Time: Branching into Prime Numbers!

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
  int n, i, isPrime = 1;
  scanf("%d", &n);
  if (n <= 1) {
    isPrime = 0;
  } else {
    if (n == 2) {
      isPrime = 1;
    } else {
      for (i = 2; i * i <= n; i++) {
        if (n % i == 0) {
          isPrime = 0;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  if (isPrime)
    printf("Prime");
  else
    printf("Not Prime");
  return 0;
}

#CProgramming #ControlFlow #IfElse

Number Showdown: Who's the Biggest?

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
  int num1, num2, num3, largest;
  scanf("%d %d %d", &num1, &num2, &num3);

  if (num1 >= num2 && num1 >= num3) {
    largest = num1;
  } else if (num2 >= num1 && num2 >= num3) {
    largest = num2;
  } else {
    largest = num3;
  }

  printf("%d", largest);
  return 0;
}

Let's dive into **Control Flow** in C! 🚀 These are the tools that allow your program to make decisions and execute different code blocks based on conditions. Think of it like your program having a 🧠 and making choices! **1. The `if` Statement: The Basic Decision Maker** The `if` statement is the fundamental way to execute code conditionally. `if (condition) { // Code to execute if the condition is true }` - `condition`: This is an expression that evaluates to either true (non-zero) or false (zero). - If `condition` is true -> the code inside the curly braces `{}` is executed. Otherwise, it's skipped. Example:

int age = 20;
if (age >= 18) {
    printf("You are an adult! ✅n");
}

**2. The `else` Statement: Providing an Alternative** The `else` statement is used in conjunction with `if` to provide an alternative code block to execute when the `if` condition is false. `if (condition) { // Code to execute if the condition is true } else { // Code to execute if the condition is false }` Example:

int age = 15;
if (age >= 18) {
    printf("You are an adult! ✅n");
} else {
    printf("You are not an adult yet. ⏳n");
}

**3. The `else if` Statement: Checking Multiple Conditions** The `else if` statement allows you to check multiple conditions in a sequence. `if (condition1) { // Code to execute if condition1 is true } else if (condition2) { // Code to execute if condition1 is false AND condition2 is true } else { // Code to execute if all conditions are false }` Example:

int score = 75;
if (score >= 90) {
    printf("Grade: A 🥇n");
} else if (score >= 80) {
    printf("Grade: B 🥈n");
} else if (score >= 70) {
    printf("Grade: C 🥉n");
} else {
    printf("Grade: D or F 😥n");
}

**4. The `switch` Statement: Efficient Multi-Way Branching** The `switch` statement provides a clean way to select one code block to execute from several options based on the value of an expression. `switch (expression) { case value1: // Code to execute if expression == value1 break; case value2: // Code to execute if expression == value2 break; default: // Code to execute if expression doesn't match any of the cases }` - `expression`: An integer or character expression. - `case`: Each `case` represents a specific value that `expression` might have. - `break`: The `break` statement is crucial. It exits the `switch` statement after a match is found. Without `break`, the code will "fall through" to the next `case`. ⚠️ - `default`: The `default` case is optional and is executed if none of the other `case` values match the `expression`. Example:

int day = 3;
switch (day) {
    case 1:
        printf("Mondayn");
        break;
    case 2:
        printf("Tuesdayn");
        break;
    case 3:
        printf("Wednesdayn");
        break;
    default:
        printf("Invalid dayn");
}

💡 **Tips for Using Control Flow:** - Keep your conditions clear and easy to understand. - Use indentation to make your code readable. ✅ - Always include a `default` case in your `switch` statement to handle unexpected values. - Be careful about "fall-through" in `switch` statements. Use `break` unless you specifically want this behavior. ⚠️ - When dealing with complex conditions, consider using logical operators (`&&` for AND, `||` for OR, `!` for NOT). Control flow statements are essential for writing programs that can respond to different situations. Practice using `if`, `else`, and `switch` to master decision-making in your C programs! 💪

#CProgramming #Bitwise #MaxMin

Unlocking Max/Min: Bitwise Magic in C!

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
 int x, y, max, min;
 scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);

 int diff = x - y;
 int sign_bit = diff >> 31 & 1;

 max = x - sign_bit * diff;
 min = y + sign_bit * diff;

 printf("Max: %d\n", max);
 printf("Min: %d\n", min);
 return 0;
}

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#CProgramming #XORSwap #Bitwise

XOR-cise Your Swapping Skills! 🔄

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
  int a = 10, b = 5;
  a = a ^ b;
  b = a ^ b;
  a = a ^ b;
  printf("a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);
  return 0;
}

#bitwise #Cprogramming #datatypes

Bitwise Wonders: Dancing with Data!

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
  unsigned int num = 10; 
  int bit_position = 1;

  printf("Original number: %u\n", num);

  unsigned int set_bit = num | (1 << bit_position);
  printf("Number with bit set: %u\n", set_bit);

  unsigned int clear_bit = num & ~(1 << bit_position);
  printf("Number with bit cleared: %u\n", clear_bit);

  unsigned int toggle_bit = num ^ (1 << bit_position);
  printf("Number with bit toggled: %u\n", toggle_bit);

  int bit_status = (num >> bit_position) & 1;
  printf("Bit status (0 or 1): %d\n", bit_status);

  return 0;
}

#Cprogramming #BitwiseOperators #Variables