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INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE SYSTEM : (≈ 55–60 psi) 1️⃣ Pipeline Supply System 🧯 Colour-coded pipelines DISS (Diameter Index Safety System) → prevents wrong pipeline connection 🎨 Colour Coding 🔵 Blue → N₂O ⚪ White → O₂ ⚫ Black → Air 🟡 Yellow → Vacuum ➡️ All supplied at 55–60 psi

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67. Right skew → Mean > Median > Mode 68. Left skew → Mean < Median < Mode 69. Standard error decreases when → Sample size increases 70. Sample size increases → Precision increases 71. Community diagnosis tool → Epidemiological survey 72. Health-for-All target year → 2000 A.D. 73. Alma-Ata conference year → 1978 74. Alma-Ata slogan → Health for All by 2000 A.D. 75. PHC population norm (plain area) → 30,000 76. PHC population norm (hilly area) → 20,000 77. Subcentre population (plain area) → 5,000 78. Subcentre population (hilly area) → 3,000 79. CHC population → 1 lakh (4 PHCs) 80. ASHA worker norm → 1 per 1000 population 81. Anganwadi worker under → ICDS scheme 82. ICDS launched in → 1975 83. Supplementary nutrition given to → Children <6 yrs & pregnant/lactating women 84. Growth chart developed by → ICDS 85. Under-5 growth chart → Green, yellow, orange, red bands 86. NHEW stands for → National Health & Wellness Centre 87. Ayushman Bharat launched in → 2018 88. Components of Ayushman Bharat → HWCs + PM-JAY 89. PM-JAY benefit per family → ₹5 lakh/year 90. PM-JAY coverage → Bottom 40% population 91. Primary health care principles → Equitable, accessible, community participation 92. Health education aims → Behaviour change 93. Most effective health education method → Face-to-face discussion 94. IEC full form → Information, Education & Communication 95. BCC full form → Behaviour Change Communication 96. IMNCI → Integrated Management of Neonatal & Childhood Illness 97. IMNCI integrates → Reproductive, maternal, newborn, child health 98. ASHA stands for → Accredited Social Health Activist 99. JSY full form → Janani Suraksha Yojana 100. JSY main aim → Promote institutional delivery https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaBMSHBGk1FxUeRoPp35

*COMMUNITY MEDICINE* 1. Crude birth rate measured per → 1000 population per year 2. Crude death rate → Deaths per 1000 population per year 3. Dependency ratio = (Population <15 + >65) / Population 15–64 × 100 4. Population density → Persons per sq. km 5. Median age of population in India → 28 years (approx) 6. Demographic dividend → Economic growth due to working-age population 7. Epidemiological triad includes → Agent, host, environment 8. Reservoir of infection → Living host that harbors pathogen 9. Zoonosis → Disease transmitted from animals to humans 10. Vector → Arthropod transmitting infection 11. Basic reproductive rate (R₀) → Average secondary cases by one case 12. Herd immunity threshold depends on → R₀ value 13. Incidence rate → New cases / Population at risk × 1000 14. Prevalence → Existing cases / Total population × 1000 15. Relationship between prevalence & incidence → P = I × D 16. Attack rate → Incidence in a specific outbreak 17. Secondary attack rate → Cases among contacts of primary cases 18. Epidemic curve → Graph showing distribution of cases over time 19. Common-source epidemic → Sharp rise & fall of cases 20. Propagated epidemic → Gradual rise and fall 21. Pandemic → Epidemic across countries or continents 22. Endemic → Constant presence in an area 23. Eradication example → Smallpox 24. Elimination example → Polio (target in India) 25. Sporadic disease → Occasional occurrence 26. Surveillance definition → Ongoing systematic collection & analysis of data 27. Active surveillance → Health workers search for cases 28. Passive surveillance → Routine reporting by health staff 29. Sentinel surveillance → Selected sites monitor trends 30. IDSP full form → Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme 31. IDSP launched in → 2004 32. Notifiable disease → Legally required to report 33. First step in outbreak investigation → Confirm diagnosis 34. Case fatality rate formula → Deaths / Cases × 100 35. Attack rate formula → Cases / Population at risk × 100 36. Secondary prevention → Early diagnosis & prompt treatment 37. Tertiary prevention → Rehabilitation 38. Disability limitation belongs to → Tertiary prevention 39. Example of primordial prevention → Lifestyle modification to prevent obesity 40. Health promotion is → Part of primary prevention 41. Screening definition → Identification of unrecognized disease in apparently healthy 42. Mass screening → Whole population tested 43. Selective screening → High-risk groups tested 44. Multiphasic screening → Two or more diseases tested together 45. Gold standard test → Best available diagnostic test 46. Sensitivity increases → False negatives decrease 47. Specificity increases → False positives decrease 48. If prevalence increases → PPV increases 49. ROC curve used to → Compare diagnostic tests 50. Lead-time bias → Early diagnosis gives false survival benefit https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaBMSHBGk1FxUeRoPp35 51. Length-bias sampling → Screen detects slowly progressive diseases 52. Confounding factor → Variable related to both exposure & outcome 53. Randomization prevents → Selection bias 54. Blinding prevents → Observer bias 55. Matching used in → Case-control study 56. Null hypothesis → No difference between groups 57. Confidence interval narrower when → Sample size larger 58. Chi-square test used for → Association between categorical variables 59. t-test compares → Means of two groups Use code INDIAN for maximum discount on every subscription 60. ANOVA compares → Means of three or more groups 61. Correlation coefficient (r) → Range −1 to +1 62. r = 0 → No correlation 63. Regression used for → Prediction 64. Normal distribution curve → Bell-shaped 65. In normal curve, 68% data lie within → ±1 SD 66. Skewed data → Mean ≠ Median ≠ Mode

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