IPH EXERCISE

Exercise 4 Early humans were hunter-gatherers, roaming from place to place, but their movements were controlled by the need for water. When humans...1....(start/ have started/ starting/started) to grow food and established permanent settlements, water was needed for crops and animals as well as for people, ....2....(because/ so / thus/ thereby) settlements have always grown up near reliable sources of water. Most major towns lie on the banks of rivers, or, where there are no streams or rivers, settlements exist where underground water can be reached by digging wells. The management of water resources has a....3....(meticulous study/moderate change /brief existence/long history). The oldest known dam in the world was constructed in Egypt about 5000 years ago, and was used for storing drinking and irrigation water. Farmers in Arabia at this time used the craters to extinct volcanoes as storage tanks for irrigation water and dug deep wells for their drinking water. Excavated ruins in India of similar antiquity retain the remains of water supply and drainage systems,....4....(as/ what/ which/ whatever)included baths and swimming pools. #RWFIB #Apeuni_1169 #Iran_PTE_House

Exercise 3 Freud's psychosexual theory, leaving questions about its validity, is necessary to be tested scientifically. ...1...(Whatever,Therefore,However,Besides), he never did experiments. Another concern is that the theory is based on case studies versus research. Some have issues with Freud's theory being focused more on male psychosexual development, ...2...(offers,offered,offer,offering)very little insight into females. It also refers to homosexual preferences as a deviation of normal psychosexual development, though many psychologists today feel that sexual orientation is more biological in nature and Freud's theory is ...3...(right,prolific,wrong,one-sided). #RWFIB #Apeuni_1170 #Iran_PTE_House

Exercise 2: Affordable early years education and childcare potentially enables parents, particularly mothers, to be in paid employment. International studies....1....(have been found/ found/have yet to find/ have found) that countries with greater enrolment rates in publicly funded or provided childcare also have higher maternal employment rates, although untangling causal relationships is complex. From the point of view of the household, additional income, especially for the less well-off, is itself associated with better outcomes for children, as child poverty ....2...(have shown/has been shown/was showing/showed) to be a key independent determinant of children's outcomes. From the point of view of the public purse, as mothers ....3....(enact/ enacting/ enter/ entering) employment, they are likely to claim fewer benefits and to generate extra revenues....4....( through/ within/ by/ throughout) income tax and national insurance contributions. #RWFIB #Apeuni_35 #Iran_PTE_House