طلّابُ علم Peri-operative

💠BREAST DISORDERS: 🎀 Brown/Green/ Coloured discharge per nipple → Duct Ectasia. . 🎀 Painful, fluctuating mass over the breast or near the nipple → Nipple Abscess (Pus Collection). . 🎀 Hx of Trauma to the Breast (redness or bruises around the lump) + firm, round, solitary and localized lump → Fat Necrosis. . 🎀 Bleeding per nipple in 20-40 Y female + skin changes → Ductal Papilloma . 🎀 Firm, non-tender, mobile mass in a breast of a young female (15-30 Y ) → Fibroadenoma. 🎀 Breast pain (Mastalgia), ↑ breast size, lumpiness (nodularity) of the breast, female in the reproductive age, tend to appear just before or during menstrual cycle and disappear after it → Fibroadenosis. 🎀 Fixed, irregular, hard, painless lump ± nipple retraction + fixed to skin (Peau d'orange) or muscle (+) Local, fixed, firm, axillary lymph nodes → Breast Cancer . 🎀 Offensive yellow discharge from an area near the nipple + Hx of Abscess near this area that was surgically treated → Ductal Fistula (Mamillary fistula). 🎀 Bleeding discharge per nipple in an Old woman with eczema-like changes in the nipple ± areola ± Ulcers → Paget's disease (Malignant) . #Peri_Op

بيه شيء من الفائدة للmcqs

Breast surgery including mastitis, breast cancer, BiRAD, and other breast diseases. You will always be asked about breast surgery during your surgery rotation.

لو سمحتم اذا احد عنده مصادر cardiosurgery يا ليت يرسللنا اياه بالتعليقات🙏🏻

وزاري

Case Study A 68-year-old patient is brought back to the ward following uncomplicated abdominal artery aneurysm repair. He had been suffering from significant pain postoperatively and was seen by the acute pain team about 15 minutes ago. The nurse calls you to review as the blood pressure has dropped to 90/50 mmHg. Pulse is 60/min. He feels a little dizzy but is not in pain. Urine output has been adequate postoperatively and CVP is 12.