English Knowledge

11. Our principal welcomed the new students. He also gave a speech. The students praised him. Our principal thanked them. Begin like this : The new students were.... Ans. The new students were welcomed by our principal. A speech was also given by him. He was praised by the students. They were thanked by our principal. 12. The students use the library magazines regularly. The librarian issues books to them. The children also visit the library. They do not make noise in the library. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰 std. 10

1. Why are the children crying? They have hurt their feet. Do they like story-books? No, they like to sing songs. Begin like this : Why is the child.... Ans. Why is the children crying? He has hurt his feet. Does he like story-books? No, he likes to sing songs. 2. That boy is eating a mango. This girl is peeling a potato. That woman is milking the cow. This man is repairing his computer. Begin like this : Those boys are...... Ans. Those boys are eating mangoes. These girls are peeling potatoes. Those women are milking the cows. These men are repairing their computers. 3. Raj and Mita have a party. They have called their friends. They do not like noise. But they like to play games. Begin like this : Rashmi has..... Ans. Raj and Mita have a party. They have called their friends. They do not like noise. But they like to play games. 4. Atlanta's father left her in a jungle to die. But a boar took care of her. Hunters brought her up. To avoid marriage she laid down a condition. Begin like this : Atlanta was left..... Ans. Atlanta was left by her father in a jungle to die. But she was taken care of by a boar. She was brought up by hunters. To avoid marriage a condition was laid down by her. 5. Look at that gentleman. He is a popular author. His mother was a well-known poetess. Even his niece is a good poetess. Begin like this : Look at that lady.... Ans. Look at that lady. She is a popular authoress. Her father was a well-known poet. Even her nephew is a good poet. 6. Mrs Patel gets up early in the morning. She gets ready and prepares breakfast for the family. She then goes for a walk. She returns home at 8 o'clock. Begin like this : I get up...... Ans. I get up early in the morning. I get ready and prepare breakfast for the family. I then go for a walk. I return home at 8 o'clock. 7. Hanuman gets out of the circle of demons. Hill tail is flaming furiously. He goes on leaping about on the roofs of houses. Every roof catches fire. Begin like this : Hanuman got out...... Ans. Hanuman got out of the circle of demons. Hill tail was flaming furiously. He went on leaping about on the roofs of houses. Every roof caught fire. 8. The peon rang the bell. The teacher called the students. She gave them a lesson to read. But Amar read a poem. Begin like this : The bell was rung...... Ans. The bell was rung by the peon. The students were called by the teacher. A lesson was given to them to read by her. But A poem was read by Amar. 9. The waiter was standing near the door. He saw a washerwoman near the gate of the hotel. He informed his master about it. The master sent his daughter to fetch the washerwoman. Begin like this : The waitress.... Ans. The waitress was standing near the door. She saw a washerman near the gate of the hotel. She informed her mistress about it. The mistress sent her son to fetch the washerman. 10. The children went for a picnic. They enjoyed the ride by bus. They sang songs and danced. They also ate snacks. Begin like this : The children go .... Ans. The children go for a picnic. They enjoy the ride by bus. They sing songs and danced. They also eat snacks.

Ch. 16 Do as directed 🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋

👉 Rewrite the paragraph correcting the underlined words. ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ 1. John was a great hunter of his time. He found the jungles of Africa very interesting. He was also known for his kindness and generosity. 2. The best way to avoid stress is to learn how to relax. Find activities that give you joy. 3. King Midas was very rich. He lived in an impressive palace. He had a daughter who was very beautiful. 4. Whales are the largest animals in the sea. Their lungs as well as stomachs are as large as the rooms in our houses. 5. The Himalayas are beautiful mountains to the North of India. They stretch for two thousand miles from Kashmir to Assam. The tops of the mountains are covered with snow throughout the year. 6. Dronacharya taught the Kauravas and the Pandavas archery. Eklavya was a tribal boy. He was keen to learn archery from Dronacharya. 7. Did you know that Alexander Graham Bell had failed hundreds of times before he finally invented the telephone? Remember, no one has exactly the same gifts, skills and ideas that you have. 8. Our heart is a marvellous pump. It works with great efficiency. It pumps blood into the complex network of tubes. 9. The good Lord was extremely busy those days. He was into his sixth day of overtime. When he was working with full concentration, an angel appeared there. 10. The poor children had nowhere to play. They tried to play on the road, but the road was very full of stones. 11. Can you tell the difference between a bee and a wasp? At first sight, these little creatures are quite like each other. 12. You buried the treasure but it troubled you all the time. It didn't give you any rest. Now no matter what, you won't have to worry about someone robbing it from you. 13. The tiger is the national animal of India. It likes to hunt alone. Usually, it hunts at night and can see very well in the dark. 14. A rabbit was very proud of being able to run fast. One day, it saw a tortoise, which was moving very slowly. 15. Suddenly some robbers jumped out of the bushes. The merchant was tired and could not fight them. So the robbers quickly robbed him of all his money and left him in the jungle. 🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰 std. 10

Ch. 15 Editing 🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋

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1. Neha is dancing. Geeta is dancing. (and, but, or) Ans. Neha and Geeta are dancing. 2. Get ready fast. You can reach school on time. (so that, because, therefore) Ans. Get ready fast so that you can reach school on time. 3. Go to the market. Get me some vegetables. (so that, or else, and) Ans. Go to the market and get me some vegetables. 4. It is raining. The children are playing in the garden. (because, and, but) Ans. It is raining but the children are playing in the garden. 5. Aman is disappointed. He could not go for the picnic. (therefore, because, so) Ans. Aman is disappointed because he could not go for the picnic. 6. The teacher will teach the lesson. The teacher will give notes. (though, and, yet) Ans. The teacher will teach the lesson and give notes. 7. Amit will not see a movie. Amit will not read a book. (either...or, neither...nor, therefore) Ans. Amit will neither see a movie nor read a book. 8. Please tell the truth. The principal will punish you. (and, otherwise, because) Ans. Please tell the truth otherwise the principal will punish you. 9. Tarak should work hard. He will not succeed. (or else, therefore, so) Ans. Tarak should work hard or else he will not succeed. 10. Father was getting late. He did not have his breakfast. (so, yet, but) Ans. Father was getting late so he did not have his breakfast. 11. It was very dark. Ketan continued to walk on the deserted road. (though, because, therefore) Ans. Though it was very dark, Ketan continued to walk on the deserted road. 12. I will read a book. I will watch TV. (and, either...or, neither...nor) Ans. I will either read a book or watch TV. 13. Nitin is disappointed. He was not selected for the match. (therefore, because, so) Ans. Nitin is disappointed because he was not selected for the match. 14. Ram was tired. He went to sleep. (though, so, and) Ans. Ram was tired so he went to sleep. 15. The principal called the parents. They could discuss their problems with him. (therefore, so that, or else) Ans. The principal called the parents so that they could discuss their problems with him. 16. Harsh is the student. He won a gold medal. (who, whose, whom) Ans. Harsh is the student who has won a gold medal. 17. Ramu is poor. He is honest. (because, therefore, though) Ans. Though Ramu is poor, he is honest. 18. Ratan was angry. He walked out of the house. (so that, so, because) Ans. Ratan was angry so he walked out of the house. 19. Yash is ill. He would have come for the party. (because, who, otherwise) Ans. Yash is ill otherwise he would have come for the party. 20. That is the lady. Her son is in the army. (who, whom, whose) Ans. That is the lady whose son is in the army. 🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰 std. 10

Ch. 14 Conjunctions 🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋

10. Megh : Where are you going? Raj : I am going to the library. Do you want to come with me? Megh : No, I went there yesterday. Ans. Megh asked Raj where he was going. Raj replied that he was going to the library and asked Megh if he wanted to go with him. Replying in the negative, Megh said that he had gone there the day before. 11. Shubhangi : Please tell me about migratory birds. Devangi : Every year we have thousands of birds as our guess from Europe, Siberia and other cold countries. Shubhangi : How do they travel without any map? Devangi : They take help of the sun to find their way. Ans. Shubhangi requested Devangi to tell her about migratory birds. Devangi told Shubhangi that every year they had thousands of birds as their guests from Europe, Siberia and other cold countries. Shubhangi asked Devangi how they travelled without any map. Devangi said that they took help of the sun to find their way. 12. Father : If you don't take your medicines properly, you will not get well. Manan : Let's talk about something else. Father (angrily) : Stop behaving like a child. Manan : I hate medicines. Please stop this topic. Ans. Father warned Manan that if he didn't take his medicines properly, he would not get well. Manan suggested that they should talk about something else. Father angrily asked him to stop behaving like a child. Manan said that he hated medicines and requested his father to stop that topic. 🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰 std. 10

1. Anil : Let's go to the river side this evening. Sunil : How shall we go? Anil : We will go on our bicycles. Ans. Anil suggested that they should go to the river side that evening. Sunil asked him how they would go. Anil replied that they would go on their bicycles. 2. "Do you want to buy a basket?" she asked. "They are very strong, made of the finest cane." "No," I said, "I don't want a basket." "Please buy something, I haven't sold anything today." she said. Ans. She asked me if I wanted to buy a basket and added that they were very strong, made of finest cane. Replying in the negative, I told her that I didn't want a basket. She requested me to buy something and added that he hadn't sold anything that day. 3. Tarak : What are you doing in office on a Sunday? Anil : I have to complete my presentation for tomorrow. Tarak : How long have you been working? Ans. Tarak asked Anil what he was doing in office on a Sunday. Anil replied that he had to complete his presentation for the next day. Tarak then asked Anil how long he had been working. 4. The angel touched the model of the mother and said, "It's too soft." "No, it's very tough," said the Lord. "You cannot imagine what this mother can do and endure." Ans. The angel touched the model of the mother and said that it was too soft. Disagreeing, the Lord said that it was very tough and added that he (the angel) could not imagine what that mother could do and endure. The angel asked the Lord if it could think. 5. Mihir : Can I speak to Vinay? Jay : Vinay is not at home. May I know who is speaking? Mihir : I am his classmate. My name is Mihir. Please ask Vinay to call me. Jay : I will. Ans. Mihir asked Jay if he could speak to Vinay. Jay told him that Vinay was not at home and wanted to know who was speaking. He requested Jay to ask Vinay to call him. Jay said that he would. 6. Passenger : Take this heavy bag to my office. Coolie : Sir, it will cost more. Passenger : Don't worry. I will pay 100 rupees for it. Coolie : Thank you, sir. How kind you are ! Ans. The passenger asked the coolie to take that heavy bag to his office. The coolie respectfully said that it would cost more. The passenger told the coolie not to worry and added that he would pay 100 rupees for it. Thanking the passenger, the coolie exclaimed that he was very kind. 7. "How pretty you are !" said the fox to the crow. "I am sure so beautiful a bird must have a beautiful voice. The crow kept quiet. The fox said, "Will you not sing a few notes for me?" Ans. The fox exclaimed with admiration that the crow was very pretty and confidently added that he was sure so beautiful a bird had to have a beautiful voice. The crow kept quiet. The fox wondered if he (the crow) would sing a few lines for him. 8. "O great teacher," said Kach, "I am Kach, the son of Brihaspati. I want to gain the knowledge of sanjivani vidya at your feet." "I shall be happy to help you in whatever way I can." said Shukracharya. "I shall be at your service from today." said Kach. Ans. Addressing Shukracharya as a great teacher, Kach introduced himself as the son of Brihaspati and added that he wanted to gain the knowledge of sanjivani vidya at his feet. Shukracharya told Kach that he would be happy to help him in whatever way he could. Kach told Shukracharya that he would be at his service from that day. 9. Nitin : What is the price of this shirt? Salesman : It will cost you rupees 750. Nitin : Can you show me some better shirts? Salesman : Sure, sir. I will show you the best ones we have. Ans. Nitin asked the salesman what the price of that shirt was. The salesman told him that it would cost him rupees 750. Nitin then asked him if he could show him some better shirts. The salesman confidently said that he would show him the best ones they had.

Ch. 13 Indirect Speech 🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋

🟢 Write the word having the nearest meaning. Read : 1 1. frequency : regularity 2. dense : thick 3. declare : announce Read : 2 1. attempt : try 2. grab : take 3. repeatedly : again and again Read : 3 1. eventually : finally 2. calmly : coolly 3. deserve : be worthy of Read : 4 1. terror : fear 2. manage : deal with 3. quarrel : fight Read : 5 1. minimize : make less 2. well-being : health 3. nervous : worried Read : 6 1. clue : hint 2. deny : refuse 3. reveal : tell Read : 7 1. authentic : real 2. outstanding : excellent 3. excess : extra Read : 8 1. gleaming : shining 2. create : make 3. tale : story Read : 9 1. collect : gather 2. indicate : show 3. explore : search Read : 10 1. address : speak 2. journey : trip 3. accompany : go with Read : 11 1. observation : watching 2. method : way 3. get mad : get angry Read : 12 1. severe : harsh 2. precious : valuable 3. symbol : sign 🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰 std. 10

Ch. 12 Vocabulary Blackbuck Read : 1 to 12 🦌🦌🦌🦌🦌🦌🦌🦌🦌

🟧 6. I Love You, Teacher 1. (achievement, supported, proud) Nisha stood first in the University. It was a big achievement for her. Her parents were proud of her. They always supported her. 2. (emotionally, misery, awakened) The lecture of the saint awakened my soul. I realized that happiness and misery are a part of life. One has to be emotionally strong to be balanced in happiness and overcome sorrow. 3. (provided, ordinary, succeed) It is not an ordinary mission, but I am sure we will succeed in our mission. We have been provided with the best possible information and support. 4. (abilities, opportunity, support) Many children in villages do not get an opportunity to complete their education. They do not get any support from their parents or teachers too. In spite of their abilities, they lack confidence. 🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰 std. 10

🔵 Complete the paragraph selecting the correct words from the brackets. 🟩 1. Against the Odds 1. (opportunity, wisdom, noted) Birbal was known for his wit and wisdom. He never missed any opportunity to prove this. He noted that all the ministers were curious to know how he solved problems easily. 2. (installed, pollution, source) Sun is the major source of energy. Many solar panels are installed in villages and cities. This reduces pollution and helps to save the environment. 3. (former, opportunity, support) The former chief minister of the state has decided to support the young who want to stand for the elections. He has decided to encourage the youth by giving them an opportunity to serve the people. 4. (craft, strength, destiny) The youth should craft their own destiny. They must realize their strength and work for their future. 🟦 2. The Human Robot 1. (brilliant, tremendous, efficient) Harsh is an efficient employee. He is a brilliant man. He is a man with tremendous confidence. 2. (readiness, cautioned, intensify) The coach will judge the readiness of the players and also guide them regarding the final match. He advised the players to intensify their attack on the rival team. "But do not cheat," he cautioned them. 3. (reveal, affect, threatened) Pathik threatened his brother, "If you reveal our secret, I will hammer you." The brother grinned and said, "Your threats will not affect me." 4. (persuading, confident, principle) Mohan is confident that he will succeed in persuading his father to allow him to go for the picnic. His father is a man of principle and Mohan always obeys him. 🟪 3. An Interview with Arun Krishnamurthy 1. (activities, generated, advised) The teacher advised us to inform the principal about various activities that we have planned for the summer camp. This camp has generated a lot of interest in parents and students. 2. (ensure, importance, damage) People have now realized the importance of trees to protect the environment. We must ensure that we do not damage our environment. 3. (dispose, attention, garbage) Mr Das drew the attention of his neighbour to the garbage that had collected outside the gate. He asked him to dispose of the garbage. 4. (quit, opinion, option) Nitin had no option but to quit his job. He took this decision after taking the opinion of his friends. 🟥 4. A Wonderful Creation 1. (commented, compromise, extremely) Mr Sharma was extremely busy. His wife commented that he did not have time for the family. She said that she would no longer compromise. 2. (manage, disappointment, irritated) The teacher could not manage the students. She was irritated. She requested the principal to help her. The principal expressed his disappointment with the teacher. 3. (impressed, concentration, problems) The teacher asked the students to study with concentration. She was ready to solve all their problems. The students were impressed with the teacher. 4. (excited, wonderful, impossible) All the players were excited. They had got a wonderful opportunity to prove how tough they were. It was impossible to defeat them. ⬛️ 5. Playing with Fire 1. (developed, revealed, pioneers) The Chinese are considered the pioneers of pyrotechnics. They developed 'black powder' more than thousand years ago. An English monk revealed the formula of 'black powder'. 2. (allowed, organized, experts) Our school has organized drawing competition. All students are allowed to participate in it and show their art. The competition will be judged by experts. 3. (details, alteration, at least) Have you given your shirt for alteration? Please go to the tailor and explain the details of your requirement. He needs at least one day to alter the shirt. 4. (observe, measures, control) The people has taken all the measures for the safety of the people during the procession. They will also control the traffic. People have been asked to observe all the traffic rules.

Ch. 11 Vocabulary Unit : 1 to 6 Prose 🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋

🔹7. Kiran ....... (describing action) A. is a good boy. B. usually studies in the morning. C. will come home at 7 p.m. D. has been studying since morning. 🔸Ans. Kiran usually studies in the morning. 🔹8. Though he is rich, ....... (indicating contrast) A. he is my neighbour. B. he has a lot of money. C. he is not happy. D. he does not talk much. 🔸Ans. Though he is rich, he is not happy. 🔹9. ....... in the jug? (inquiry as nature) A. There is some water B. Pour some water C. How much water is there D. There is nothing 🔸Ans. How much water is there in the jug? 🔹10. You won the match? ....... (exchanging pleasantries) A. Mohit told me. B. What was the score? C. I know that. D. Congratulations ! 🔸Ans. You won the match? Congratulations ! 🔹11. Ratan has been ........ (point of time) A. watching TV since 6 o'clock. B. watching TV for a long time. C. watching TV now. D. watching a film on TV. 🔸Ans. Ratan has been watching TV since 6 o'clock. 🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰 std. 10