WORLD CRYPTO AND NET

A: What are you doing this summer after the school term ends? B: I’m joining Bright Codes Academy to learn programming online and build real-life projects! No wasting time this summer — just learning, building, and leveling up your future. No other plan matters! Let this summer be the one where you upgrade your skills and stand out. Join us. Learn smart. Build real. Bright Codes Academy – Coming Soon! @Bright_Codes_Academy

Coming Soon from Bright Codes Academy! Learn Web Development, Python, Telegram Bots & Machine Learning – The Practical Way 🚀 Want to learn tech skills that actually matter? Bright Codes Academy is launching beginner-friendly courses designed to help you learn by doing, not just watching. Courses Offered: 👉Web Development 👉Python Programming 👉Telegram Bot Development with Telebot 👉Machine Learning for Beginners What Makes Bright Codes Academy Different? ✅ Project-Based Learning – You’ll build tons of real, hands-on projects in every course 💸 Affordable Pricing – Low-cost courses so every student can access quality education 📜 Certificate of Completion – Earn a certificate at the end of each course to showcase your skills 🏆 Special Rewards – Top-performing students will receive exclusive rewards and recognition ⏳ Coming Soon – Stay Tuned! Learn. Build. Grow. Get Rewarded. @Bright_Codes_Academy @Bright_Codes_Academy

የ2017 ትምህርት ዘመን ኢትዮጵያ ሁለተኛ ደረጃ ትምህርት ማጠናቀቂ (12ኛ ክፍል) ፈተና የሚሰጥበት መርሃ ግብር ተገለጸ፡፡ ፈተናው ከሰኔ 23/2017 ዓ/ም ጀምሮ እስከ ሐምሌ 8/2017 ዓ/ም የሚሰጥ ሲሆን በወረቀት የሚፈተኑ የተፈጥሮ ሳይንስ ተፈታኞች ሰኔ 21 እና 22/2017 ዓ/ም እንዲሁም የማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ተፈታኞች ሰኔ 29 እና 30/2017 ዓ/ም ወደሚፈተኑበት ዩኒቨርሲቲ የሚገቡ ይሆናል፡፡ በበይነ መረብ የሚፈተኑ ተፈታኞች ከመኖሪያ ቤታቸው በየቀኑ እየተመላለሱ በተመደቡበት መፈተኛ ማዕከል የሚፈተኑ ሲሆን ዝርዝር መርሃ ግብሩ በሚከተለው ሠንጠረዥ ተገልጿል፡፡ የፈተናው ይዘት በተማሪው መጽሐፍ ላይ ያተኮረ በመሆኑ እያንዳንዱ ተፈታኝ በትምህርት ቤቱ የተማረበትን የተማሪ መጽሐፍ መሠረት አድርጎ ተገቢ የሆኑ አጋዥ መጽሐፍትን ለበለጠ እውቀትና መረዳት በመጠቀም እንዲዘጋጅ እናበረታታለን፡፡ በፈተና ወቅት ለፈተና ስርቆትና ኩረጃ የሚውሉ ማንኛውንም ቁሳቁሶች መጠቀም የተከለከለ ነው፡፡ ዝርዝሩ በቀጣይ የሚገለጽ ይሆናል፡፡ የትምህርት ምዘናና ፈተናዎች አገልግሎት ግንቦት 01/2017 ዓ/ም Join our Educational Channels: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 📚JOIN: @Educational_Question 📚JOIN: @Et_Study_Notes 📚JOIN: @Oromia_Educational_News 📚JOIN: @AmboIfaBoru 📚JOIN: @General_questions_always

ሚያዝያ 29/2017 ዓ.ም የ2017 ዓ.ም የትምህርት ዘመን የ12ኛ ክፍል ሀገር አቀፍ ፈታና ተፈታኝ ተማሪዎች ከዚህ በታች የተቀመጠውን ሊንክ በመጫን ለፈተና በቂ ዝግጅት ለማድረግ የሚያስችሉ ትምህርቶችን ማግኘት የምትችሉ መሆኑን እናሳውቃለን፡፡ https://examinfo.moe.gov.et/guides Join our Educational Channels: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 📚JOIN: @Educational_Question 📚JOIN: @Et_Study_Notes 📚JOIN: @Oromia_Educational_News 📚JOIN: @AmboIfaBoru 📚JOIN: @General_questions_always

Hey everyone! INSA's 4th round summer camp registration is open! If you're into web development, Android development, cybersecurity, embedded systems, or astronomy, you should totally register to snag a spot. You'll actually choose your specific area of focus when you register unlike in previous years when we chose our specializations at the camp. There are lots of field options! I was in the 3rd batch, and it was awesome, I learned so much. Best of all, the community is incredible. You'll meet tons of people who share your interests and have a really great experience. There's no age limit, so anyone can apply. Having some previous projects under your belt will definitely give you a boost in the selection process. Here's the registration link. Take some time to get everything together before you submit the https://talent.insa.gov.et @Bright_Codes @Bright_Codes

CELL CYCLE: THE CIRCLE OF LIFE 🔄🌳 Grade 10, Unit 4 - Cell Reproduction(New) Cells are like tiny, bustling cities, constantly growing, working, and reproducing! 🏙️ I. Interphase: The City That Never Sleeps 🌃 (Analogy: Interphase is like a city preparing for a major event – stocking up on supplies, duplicating blueprints, and checking infrastructure.) G1 (Gap 1):  Growth and Normal Business:  The cell grows in size, carries out its normal functions, and produces proteins. Think: Shops are open, factories are producing goods, and the city is bustling with activity. 🏪 S (Synthesis): DNA Replication: The cell replicates its DNA, creating an exact copy of its genetic material. Think: The city archives are duplicating all important documents to ensure there's a backup. 📑 G2 (Gap 2): Final Preparations: The cell continues to grow, checks for any DNA replication errors, and prepares for cell division. Think: Final safety inspections, stocking up on extra supplies, and ensuring everything is ready for the big event. ✅ 🚨Important Note: Cells spend most of their lives in interphase – it's the longest phase of the cell cycle! II. Mitosis: The Duplication Machine 🏭 (Analogy: Mitosis is like a highly efficient factory producing two identical products from a blueprint.) 1.  Prophase: Setting Up the Assembly Line: Chromosomes condense (become visible like individual parts), the nuclear envelope breaks down (the factory walls disappear), and spindle fibers form (like conveyor belts). ⚙️ 2.  Metaphase: Parts in Position: Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell (parts neatly arranged on the conveyor belt). ⛓️ 3.  Anaphase: Separating the Components: Sister chromatids (identical copies of each chromosome) separate and move to opposite ends of the cell (identical products moving along the conveyor belt in opposite directions). ➡️➡️ 4.  Telophase: Packaging and Delivery: Two new nuclei form (like two new factory buildings), chromosomes unwind (parts disassembled for packaging), and cytokinesis (cell division) begins, splitting the cell into two identical daughter cells (two finished products ready for delivery). 📦📦 III. Meiosis: The Remix Factory 🎧 (Analogy: Meiosis is like a design studio creating unique, limited-edition products with variations and custom features.)    Purpose: To produce gametes (sex cells) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.    Meiosis I: The First Round – Diversification:        Prophase I: Homologous chromosomes (pairs from each parent) pair up and exchange genetic material through crossing over (designers brainstorming and sharing ideas). 💡 This creates genetic diversity.        Metaphase I: Homologous chromosome pairs line up in the middle.        Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes separate (different design elements are separated).        Telophase I: Two haploid cells form (each with a unique set of design elements).    Meiosis II: The Second Round – Production: Similar to mitosis, sister chromatids separate, resulting in four genetically unique haploid cells (gametes – four unique, finished products). Meiosis ensures that each individual is genetically unique, contributing to the beautiful tapestry of life! Join our Educational Channels: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 📚JOIN: @Educational_Question 📚JOIN: @Et_Study_Notes 📚JOIN: @Oromia_Educational_News 📚JOIN: @AmboIfaBoru 📚JOIN: @General_questions_always

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📌 Notes on Chemical Bonding 🔻Chemical bond:- Chemical bond is the attractive force which holds various constituents together in a molecule. There are three types of chemical bonds: Ionic Bond, Covalent Bond, Co-ordinate Bond. 🔻Octet Rule: Atoms form chemical bonds in order to complete their octet i.e. eight electrons in their valence shell. 📍Lewis Structures: Pair of bonded electrons is by means of a ‘dash’ (-) usually called a ‘bond’. Lone pairs or ‘non-bonded’ electrons are represented by ‘dots’. Electrons present in the last shell of atoms are called valence electrons. ✌️Exceptions to the Octet Rule: 🔻Species with odd number of electrons: NO, NO2, 🔻Incomplete octet for the central atom:  LiCl, BeH2 and BCl3 🔻Expanded octet for the central atom: PF5, SF6 and H2SO4 🔻Formal Charge: Formal charge is the difference between the number of valence electrons in an isolated atom and number of electrons assigned to that atoms in Lewis structure. Formal charge = [Total number of valence electrons in the free atom ) - (Total number of lone pairs of electrons) -1/2(Total number of shared electrons i.e. bonding electrons)] 📍Resonance: For molecules and ions showing resonance it is not possible to draw a single Lewis structure. All the properties of such species can only be explained  by two or more Lewis structures. Example: Resonance of O3 📍Ionic Bonding: 🔻Formation of Ionic Bond: Formation of ionic bond takes place between a metal and a non-metal by transfer of electron. Formation of gaseous cations A(g) + I.E. → A+ (g) + e 📍Ionization Energy Formation of gaseous anions X(g) + e → X- (g) + E.A 📍Electron Affinity Packing of ions of opposite charges to form ionic solids A+ (g) + X- (g) →AX (s) +Energy 📍Lattice energy Conditions required of formation of ionic bonds: 🔻Low I.E of cation. 🔻High E.A of anion. 🔻High lattice energy. ⚡Covalent Bonding: Covalent bond is formed between two non-metals by sharing of electrons. 🔻Electron pairs which participate in bonding are called bond pairs. 🔻Electron pairs which do not participate in bonding are called lone pairs. There could be single, double or triple covalent bonds between two elements depending on the number of electrons being shared. 📍VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) Theory: The shape of the molecule is determined by repulsions between all of the electron pairs present in the valence shell. 🔻Order of the repulsion: Lone pair.Lone pair > Lone pair. Bond pair > Bond pair. Bond pair. 🌡️Repulsion among the bond pairs is directly proportional to the bond order and  electronegativity difference between the central atom and the other atoms. Join our Educational Channels: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 📚JOIN: @Educational_Question 📚JOIN: @Et_Study_Notes 📚JOIN: @Oromia_Educational_News 📚JOIN: @AmboIfaBoru 📚JOIN: @General_questions_always