UPSC GEOGRAPHY

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WHY DO P-WAVES TRAVEL FASTER THAN S-WAVES ? #interiorofearth ◇ P-waves are about 1.7 times faster than the S-waves. ◇ P-waves are compression waves that apply a force in the direction of propagation and hence transmit their energy quite easily through the medium and thus travel quickly. ◇ On the other hand, S-waves are transverse waves or shear waves (motion of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave) and are hence less easily transmitted through the medium. ▪︎@upsc_geography_notes

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WHY DO P-WAVES TRAVEL FASTER THAN S-WAVES ? #interiorofearth ◇ P-waves are about 1.7 times faster than the S-waves. ◇ P-waves are compression waves that apply a force in the direction of propagation and hence transmit their energy quite easily through the medium and thus travel quickly. ◇ On the other hand, S-waves are transverse waves or shear waves (motion of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave) and are hence less easily transmitted through the medium. ▪︎@upsc_geography_notes

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Repost from UPSC GEOGRAPHY

■ PRIMARY WAVES (P-waves) #interiorofearth ◇ P - waves are called so because they are the fastest among the seismic waves and hence are recorded first on the seismograph. ◇ P-waves are also called as the :- • longitudinal waves - because the displacement of the medium is in the same direction as, or the opposite direction to, (parallel to) the direction of propagation of the wave; or • compressional waves - they produce compression and rarefaction when travelling through a medium; or • pressure waves - because they produce increases and decreases in pressure in the medium. ◇ P-waves creates density differences in the material leading to stretching and squeezing of the material. ◇ These waves are of relatively high frequency and are the least destructive among the earthquake waves. ◇ Trembling on the earth’s surface caused due to these waves is in the up-down direction. ◇ Travel in all mediums, and their velocity depends on shear strength (elasticity) of the medium. ▪︎@upsc_geography_notes

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Repost from UPSC GEOGRAPHY

■ PRIMARY WAVES (P-waves) #interiorofearth ◇ P - waves are called so because they are the fastest among the seismic waves and hence are recorded first on the seismograph. ◇ P-waves are also called as the :- • longitudinal waves - because the displacement of the medium is in the same direction as, or the opposite direction to, (parallel to) the direction of propagation of the wave; or • compressional waves - they produce compression and rarefaction when travelling through a medium; or • pressure waves - because they produce increases and decreases in pressure in the medium. ◇ P-waves creates density differences in the material leading to stretching and squeezing of the material. ◇ These waves are of relatively high frequency and are the least destructive among the earthquake waves. ◇ Trembling on the earth’s surface caused due to these waves is in the up-down direction. ◇ Travel in all mediums, and their velocity depends on shear strength (elasticity) of the medium. ▪︎@upsc_geography_notes

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■ PRIMARY WAVES (P-waves) #interiorofearth ◇ P - waves are called so because they are the fastest among the seismic waves and hence are recorded first on the seismograph. ◇ P-waves are also called as the :- • longitudinal waves - because the displacement of the medium is in the same direction as, or the opposite direction to, (parallel to) the direction of propagation of the wave; or • compressional waves - they produce compression and rarefaction when travelling through a medium; or • pressure waves - because they produce increases and decreases in pressure in the medium. ◇ P-waves creates density differences in the material leading to stretching and squeezing of the material. ◇ These waves are of relatively high frequency and are the least destructive among the earthquake waves. ◇ Trembling on the earth’s surface caused due to these waves is in the up-down direction. ◇ Travel in all mediums, and their velocity depends on shear strength (elasticity) of the medium. ▪︎@upsc_geography_notes

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■ BODY WAVES #interiorofearth Body waves are generated due to the release of energy at the focus and move in all directions travelling through the interior of the earth. Hence, the name body waves. There are two types of body waves:- ◇ Primary - waves. ◇ Secondary - waves. ▪︎@upsc_geography_notes.

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■ TYPES OF SEISMIC WAVES OR EARTHQUAKE WAVES. #interiorofearth The seismic waves or earthquake waves are basically of two types — ◇ Body waves and ◇ Surface waves. ▪︎@upsc_geography_notes

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Repost from UPSC GEOGRAPHY

■ HOW ARE EARTHQUAKE WAVES PRODUCED ? #interiorofearth ◇ The abrupt release of energy along a fault (sharp break in the crustal layer) causes earthquake waves. Rock layers along a fault tend to move in opposite directions due to the force excreted on them but are held in place by counteracting frictional force exerted by the overlying rock strata. ◇ The pressure on the rock layers builds up over a period and overcomes the frictional force resulting in a sudden movement generating shockwaves (seismic waves) that travel in all directions. ◇ The point where the energy is released is called the focus or the hypocentre of an earthquake. The point on the surface directly above the focus is called epicentre. An instrument called ‘seismograph’ records the waves reaching the surface. ▪︎@upsc_geography_notes

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