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📰 In News (3-12-2021) : ■ Omicron. • The announcement was made following confirmation from INSACOG. • INSACOG is a consortium of 28 national laboratories, was set up in December 2020 to monitor the genomic variations in SARS-CoV-2, the COVID-19 causing virus. • Who gives name to variants? - The World Health Organization gives new names for the variants of interest  and concern, (VoI and VoC) of SARS-CoV-2 Virus with important mutations. • B.1.1.529 variant is named as Omicron. It was first found in South Africa. ■ Cyclone Jawad : • A cyclone was formed in Bay of Bengal. It is named as "Jawad". • The name Jawad was suggested by Saudi Arabia. • In Arabic, the word Jawad means Generous, liberal or merciful. ■ Tamil Nadu lauded for efforts to empower the disabled. • Tamil Nadu was awarded the "Best State for promoting empowerment of persons with disabilities" in the Centre's annual National level awards for disability sector. • The award was handed over by President Ram Nath Kovind ceremony on International day of persons with disabilities (December 3). • Salem district in Tamil Nadu also get an award for the best district in providing rehabilitation services. It is among the two districts in the country getting the award. • In the award citation issued by the Social Justice and Empowerment Ministry, Tamil Nadu was honoured for "focusing its attention in taking up and implementing programmes/schemes for the rehabilitation and empowerment of persons with disabilities". • The State had given the highest Budget allocation for the department concerned with PwD, issued 13.35 lakh disability certifi cates and granted recogni tion to 382 special schools run by NGOs. ■ Poshan Tracker : • The Poshan Tracker was previously known as the ICDS-CAS (Integrated Child Development Services-Common Application Software. • It was set up with the aim of tracking and improving various services delivered at anganwadis and to ensure nutritional management of beneficiaries. This real-time monitoring system is one of the key pillars of Poshan Abhiyan or Nutrition Mission approved by the Union Cabinet in November 2017. ■ Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) : • CSR is referred as a corporate initiative to assess and take responsibility for the company's effects on the environment and impact on social welfare and to promote positive social and environmental change. • India is one of the first countries in the world to make CSR mandatory for companies following an amendment to the Companies Act, 2013 (Companies Act) in 2014. • Companies with a minimum net worth of Rs 500 crore, turnover of Rs 1,000 crore, or net profit of Rs 5 crore are required to spend at least 2% of their average profit for the previous three years on CSR activities every year. ■ New species found in Sikkim’s Dzongu, the ‘land of butterflies'. • A new species of butterfly, now named the Chocolate bordered Flitter. • Its scientific name is Zographetus dzonguensis. • It was discovered at Dzongu in north Sikkim, the place where it was discovered. • A place of historical interest near Dzongu called Blykovoo, which means “the land of butterflies”. • Its closest relatives are Zographetus pangi in Guangdong, and Zographetus hainanensis in Hainan, both in southeastern China, close to Hong Kong. • The physical appearance of the species differ slightly and the internal structures of the males also differ slightly.

📰 In News (3-12-2021) : ■ India's first case of Omicron. • The announcement was made following confirmation from INSACOG. • INSACOG is a consortium of 28 national laboratories, was set up in December 2020 to monitor the genomic variations in SARS-CoV-2, the COVID-19 causing virus. • Who gives name to variants? - The World Health Organization gives new names for the variants of interest  and concern, (VoI and VoC) of SARS-CoV-2 Virus with important mutations. • B.1.1.529 variant is named as Omicron. It was first found in South Africa. ■ Digital literary index in T.N. already high : Union Minister. • Union Minister replied to an MP about the State's low enrolment I'm PMGDISHA scheme. • Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA) : The Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA) is a program under Digital India Programme to usher digital literacy in rural India. • The Scheme is applicable only for rural areas of the country. ■ Paika rebellion, 1817 : • Paika Rebellion was an armed rebellion against the British East India Company's rule in Odisha in 1817. • Bakshi Jagabandhu Bidyadhar Mohapatra Bharamarbar Rai was the highest-ranking military general of King of Khurda Mukund Dev II, led the Paikas to join the uprising by taking support of tribals and other sections of society. The rebellion rose in March 1817. • On 24th December 2018, Prime Minister Narendra Modi released a commemorative stamp and coin on the Paika Rebellion. Along with the stamp and coin. ■ Back to the Kamaraj Plan (K Plan) : • In 1963, the Chief Minister of the then Madras State, K. Kamaraj, sug gested to Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru that all senior Congress ministers should resign and take up party work to revitalise the Congress. This was immediately accepted and implemented by Nehru. ■ Rajya Sabha passes Dam Safety Bill : • The Rajya Sabha passed the Dam Safety Bill, 2019. • The Bill will ensure that accountability is fixed in case of a lapse. • Forty-two dams have broken so far. • In 1982, it was decided to prepare a national policy. We sought the advice of the Solicitor General. • The Parliament can make the law. Entry 17 of the State list doesn’t act as an embargo for the Union to make a legislation on this subject. • Union minister for Jal shakti Gajendra Singh Shekhawat said that the Bill was not intended to encroach upon the states’ rights on their waters, dam ownership or maintenance, or even resources like power, but only seeks to ensure the safety of dams across the country and prevent dam-related disasters that result in great loss to life and property. • During the debate on the Bill, MPs from the opposition benches were united in slamming it as unconstitutional, arguing that Entry 17 of List 1 of the Constitution gives states exclusive rights to regulate water supplies and embankments, and even Entry 56 did not mention dam safety among the exceptions to Entry 17. • Congress MP Shakti Sinh  Gohil said that even when the Congress brought a Bill in 2010 citing Article 252, the preamble mentioned that only if two or more states requested, such a Bill on dam safety could be brought by the Centre. • Incidentally, both West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh assemblies have earlier passed resolutions stating that Centre should legislate on dam safety and regulation. ● Topics in Today's News in detail. • Paika Rebellion - click here • What is Cyclone and how those are named? - click here • UAPA - click here • How names are given to variants? - click here

■ Glasgow Glacier : • The Glasgow glacier is located in the Getz coast of Antarctica. • The glacier was named after the city of Glasgow to mark its hosting of COP26 climate conference. • The Glasgow glacier is 100-km long. Its surface area is 2,630 square kilometres. It is currently experiencing rapid melting. • Eight other nearby glaciers will also carry the names of cities where important climate reports were issued, or policies were agreed. • They include Geneva, which held the very first climate conference in 1979. • The new names for the Getz glaciers follow a chronological order, starting in the west with Geneva and ending with Glasgow in the east. This direction is also marked by a progressive increase in the heat content of the local ocean water. • The glaciers' floating fronts join to form a single, continuous platform, known as the Getz Ice Shelf. □ 9 Newly named Glaciers : • Geneva - Geneva is named after the world's first climate conference in 1979. It set up the body that reviews the science - the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). • Rio - Rio commemorates the first Earth Summit in 1992 where the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was opened for signatures. • Berlin - Berlin is named after the first Conference of Parties (COP) in 1995 which assessed the progress of dealing with climate change. • Kyoto - Kyoto commemorates the formal adoption in 1997 of the protocol that legally bound developed countries to emissions reduction targets. • Bali - Bali marks the release of the IPCC fourth assessment report (AR4) in 2007. Around this time, climate science began to enter the popular consciousness. • Stockholm - Stockholm honors the IPCC fifth assessment report (AR5) approval session in 2014. This report represented the biggest ever coming together of scientists at the time. • Paris - Paris memorialises the agreement of a legally binding treaty in 2015 that aimed to limit global temperature rise to well below 2C, preferably below 1.5C. • Incheon - Incheon marks the meeting of the IPCC in 2018 to consider the special report on the impacts of 1.5 degrees of warming and the difference in risks of going to 2 degree Celsius. • Glasgow - Glasgow hosts the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of Parties (COP26). Its aim is to embed strong policies to realise the goals set out in Paris six years ago.

■ Places, Species, Other names in News (November 2021) : PART - 2 □ Species : ● Indus river dolphin : • The Indus river dolphin (Platanista gangetica minor) is a freshwater dolphin. • Classified as "Endangered" in IUCN Red List. • Indus river dolphin was declared the State aquatic animal of Punjab in 2019. ● Ganges River Dolphins : • Ganges River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica) is the National Aquatic Animal of India. • Classified as ‘Endangered’ in IUCN Red List, Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act (1972) and Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). • It is found throughout the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna and Karnaphuli-Sangu river systems of Nepal, India and Bangladesh, the Ganges River Dolphin is a global priority and is also an indicator of healthy aquatic systems. ● Kaiser-i-Hind - Kaiser-i-Hind is Arunachal’s State butterfly. • Kaiser-i-Hind (Teinopalpus imperialis) literally means Emperor of India. • In India, it is found in six States along the Eastern Himalayas at elevations from 6,000-10,000 feet in well-wooded terrain. • It is also found in Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam and southern China. • It is protected under Schedule II of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. □ Other news : ● Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will set up a Space Museum and Space Centre in Kanniyakumari at a cost of ₹ 100 crore. ● The Indian Air Force (IAF) gets its first indigenous Light Combat Helicopter. • It is designed and developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL). • It is the only attack helicopter in the world that can land and takeoff at an altitude of 5000m (16,400ft) with considerable weapons and fuel load. ● India's First Food Museum - The Food Corporation of India (FCI) has set up the country's first food museum in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu.

■ Places, Species, Other names in News (November 2021) : PART - 1 □ Places : ● Conference of the Parties (COP-26) held at Glasgow in Scotland. ● Ayodhya city is situated on the banks of Sarayu river. ● Ethiopia - Oromo rebels. ● Kartarpur Sahib corridor is situated on the banks of the river Ravi in Pakistan. ● Pochampally - Telangana's Pochampally village was selected as one of the best tourism villages by the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO). ● Adichanallur is an archaeological site in Tamilnadu. It is located on the banks of the river Thamirabarani. ● Purvanchal Expressway - It connects Lucknow and Ghazipur. Currently, it's the longest Expressway in India (340.82km). □ Other names : ● Immunological memory : • The immune system retains a memory of the virus. If a person gets exposed to the SARS COV-2 virus again, the immune cells recognise the viral pathogen and kill the pathogen. This is called immunological memory. ● Irula tribes - Irula tribes are the second largest of the 36 tribal communities in Tamilnadu. Irula tribes are listed as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs). • The 6 PVTGs in Tamilnadu are Kattu Nayakans, Kotas, Kurumbas, Irulas, Paniyans, Todas. ● Molunapiravir - It's an anti Covid pill. UK is the 1st country to approve a pill for COVID-19. Its company name is "EIDD 2801". ● Kalari (Kalaripayattu) - It's an ancient martial art originated in Kerala. ● Troika plus - Pakistan has hosted a meeting of the extended Troika, called the Troika plus meeting comprising Pakistan, China, Russia, and the United States to discuss the latest situation in Afghanistan. • The Troika Plus called on the Taliban to take steps to form an inclusive and representative government in Afghanistan. ● Bhadla Solar Park - It is the largest solar power plant in the world, is based in Bhadla village, in India’s Rajasthan’s Jodhpur district – a region known for its solar-friendly high temperatures. The power plant has an installed capacity of 2.25GW. ● Hari path - An app "Harit Path” was developed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) to monitor the location, maintenance activities, and performance of all its plantation projects along National Highways. ● Red Rebel Brigade - Activists from the climate change protest group Extinction Rebellion, dressed in red robes and known as the 'Red Brigade'. ● Spotlight initiative - The Spotlight Initiative is a global, multi-year partnership between the European Union and the United Nations to eliminate all forms of violence against women and girls. ● Zircon - Russia tested a Hypersonic Missile called Zircon (Tsirkon). ● Bitcoin city - El Salvador, the only country to recognise Bitcoin as a legal tender. It plans to build the world's first "Bitcoin City". It would be funded with the issuance of a $1 billion Bitcoin Bond. The city will be located along the Gulf of Fonseca near the Conchagua volcano. ● Bharat Gaurav trains - The Government will launch "Bharat Gaurav trains" to boost tourism. A set of around 190 theme-based trains called Bharat Gaurav trains will soon be launched, Union Minister of Railways Ashwini Vaishnaw said. These trains will showcase India's culture and heritage. ● Highest war time gallantry awards in India. • Param Vir Chakra is India's highest war time gallantry award. • Maha Vir Chakra is the second highest war time gallantry award. • Vir Chakra is the third highest war time gallantry award. ● Glasgow glacier - A previously unnamed glacier in West Antarctica is to be called "Glasgow Glacier" to mark the Scottish city's hosting of the COP26 climate meeting. ● Indrajaal - India’s first indigenous drone defence dome. It was designed and  developed by Grene Robotics, a Hyderabad-based technology R&D firm. ● Omicron - It's a variant of Coronavirus. It was found in South Africa. [B.1.1.529]

■ Niti Aayog's 1st SDG Urban India Index : • Shimla has topped the 1st Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) index released by NITI Aayog. • Shimla, Coimbatore and Chandigarh have topped the Niti Aayog's first Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Urban India Index, while Dhanbad, Meerut and Itanagar are the worst performers. • The Niti Aayog has developed the SDG Urban index and dashboard in collaboration with GIZ and BMZ under the umbrella of Indo-German Development Cooperation. • Top 10 Urban areas in SDG Urban Index and Dashboard 2021-22 are Shimla (Himachal Pradesh), Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) Chandigarh (Chandigarh), Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala), Kochi ( Kerala), Panaji (Goa), Pune (Maharashtra), Tiruchirapalli (Tamil Nadu), Ahmedabad (Gujarat), Nagpur (Maharashtra). • While, bottom 10 Urban Areas in SDG Urban Index and Dashboard 2021-22 are Dhanbad (Jharkhand), Meerut (Uttar Pradesh), Itanagar (ArunachalPradesh), Guwahati (Assam), Patna (Bihar), Jodhpur (Rajasthan), Kohima (Nagaland), Agra (Uttar Pardesh), Kolakata (West Bengal) and Faridabad (Haryana). • Out of 56 urban areas ranked in the index, 44 are with population of above one million, 12 are state capitals with a population of less than a million. • While for some indicators, 'urban area' implies urban local bodies (ULBs), in other cases, it refers to all urban areas within a district collectively. • As many as 56 urban local bodies have been ranked on 77 SDG indicators related to ending poverty, zero hunger, good health and well being, quality education, gender equality among others. • The data on these indicators have been sourced from official data sources such as NFHS, NCRB, U-DISE, data portals of various ministries, and other government data sources. • According to the government think tank, for each SDG, the urban areas are ranked on a scale of 0-100. • If any urban area scores 100, then it means that the urban area has achieved the targets set for 2030. • If any urban area scores 0, then it means that the Urban areas is the farthest from achieving the targets among the selected urban areas. • The areas with ranking between 0 and 49 have been ranked as aspirants, those with 50-64 are termed as performers, 65-99 are called front-runners and the ones with perfect score are called achievers. However, not a single area has a perfect score. □ Best performers in other categories : • Of the 15 sustainable goals, the eighth is based on providing "Decent work and economic growth". Bengaluru topped the list. The second best city in this ‘Decent Work & Economic Growth’ parameter is Chhattisgarh’s capital Raipur (64), followed by Uttarakhand’s capital Dehradun (59) and Goa’s capital Panaji (59) — but they were still in the performer’s category, far from achieving the goals. • Kolkata scored just three out of 100 in providing "Decent jobs and Economic Growth". This is the lowest score achieved by any city in the country.  • Coimbatore topped the no poverty parameter, followed by Shilong and Madurai. • Kochi topped the zero hunger goal, followed by Imphal and Kohima. • For good health and wellbeing, Shimla topped the list, followed by Amritsar and Panaji. • Thiruvananthapuram topped the good quality education parameter. • Under the gender equality goal, Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram topped the list.

■ India to release 5 millon barrels of crude oil from strategic reserves to cool prices. • India plans to release about 5 million barrels of crude oil from its emergency stockpile in tandem with the U.S., Japan and other major economies to cool international oil prices. • This is the first time ever that India, which stores 5.33 million tonnes or about 38 million barrels of crude oil in underground caverns at three locations on the east and west coast, is releasing stocks for such purposes. • The strategic crude oil storages at three locations in India are Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), Mangalore (Karnataka) and Padur (Karnataka). • India is the world's third-largest oil consumer and importing nation and has been severely impacted by the relentless rise in international oil prices. • OPEC and other ally producers — including Russia, known collectively as OPEC+ — have been adding around 4,00,000 barrels per day to the market on a monthly basis, which many see as not sufficient to cool prices that had been rising as demand returns to pre-pandemic levels. • The members of the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and its allies rebuffed repeated requests to speed up their production increases. • The U.S. had last week made the unusual request to some of the world's largest oil-consuming nations, including China, India and Japan, to consider releasing crude stockpiles in a coordinated effort to lower global energy prices. • The US also released 50 million barrels of oil from the U.S. strategic reserves to tamp damp soaring fuel prices. • The U.S. reserves, held in underground depots in Texas and Louisiana, are the largest emergency supply of oil in the world. • What is Crude oil? - Crude oil is a naturally occurring petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials. Crude oil is refined to produce usable products including gasoline, diesel, and various other forms of petrochemicals. □ About Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) : • It is a permanent, intergovernmental organization, created at the Baghdad Conference in September 1960 by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela • Its headquarters is at Vienna in Austria. • It aims to manage the supply of oil in an effort to set the price of oil in the world market, in order to avoid fluctuations that might affect the economies of both producing and purchasing countries. • Currently, it has 13 members. They are Algeria, Angola, UAE, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Republic of Congo, Libya, Nigeria, Kuwait, Iran, Iraq, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea. □ About Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries plus (OPEC +) : • The Non-OPEC countries which export crude oil are termed as OPEC plus countries. • OPEC plus countries include Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Brunei, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, Oman, Russia, South Sudan and Sudan. • The OPEC+ group was formed in 2017 to take coordinated actions to stabilize oil prices and have been undertaking corrections in supply in the oil markets since 2017. • Its aim was to undertake production restrictions to help resuscitate a flailing market. • OPEC and OPEC+ play a significant role in determining global oil prices.

■ Niti Aayog's first Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) report : • Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh have been named the poorest states in India, according to Niti Aayog's first Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) report. • As per the index, 51.91 per cent population of Bihar is poor, followed by 42.16 per cent in Jharkhand, 37.79 per cent in Uttar Pradesh. While Madhya Pradesh (36.65 per cent) has been placed fourth in the index, Meghalaya (32.67 per cent) is at the fifth spot. • Kerala (0.71 per cent), Goa (3.76 per cent), Sikkim (3.82 per cent), Tamil Nadu (4.89 per cent) and Punjab (5.59 per cent) have registered the lowest poverty across India and are at the bottom of the index. • While among union territories (UTs), Dadra and Nagar Haveli (27.36 per cent), Jammu & Kashmir, and Ladakh (12.58), Daman & Diu (6.82 per cent) and Chandigarh (5.97 per cent), have emerged as the poorest UTs in India. • Puducherry having 1.72 percent of its population as poor, Lakshadweep (1.82 per cent), Andaman & Nicobar Islands (4.30 per cent) and Delhi (4.79 per cent) have fared better. • Bihar also has the highest number of malnourished people followed by Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. • Bihar also ranks worst when it comes to percentage of population deprived of maternal health, percentage of population deprived of years of schooling, school attendance and percentage of population deprived of cooking fuel and electricity. • According to the report, India's national MPI measure uses the globally accepted and robust methodology developed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). • The report said, India's MPI has three equally weighted dimensions, health, education and standard of living which are represented by 12 indicators namely nutrition, child and adolescent mortality, antenatal care, years of schooling, school attendance, cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing, assets and bank accounts. • In early 2020, the Cabinet Secretariat, Government of India, identified 29 global indices to monitor, analyse and evaluate with the aim of improving India's position in global rankings. • Under this mandate, also known as the Global Indices for Reforms and Growth (GIRG) mandate, Niti Aayog was identified as the nodal agency for the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). • The multidimensionality of poverty, developed on the basis of the National Family Health Survey 2015-16 will facilitate formulation of sectoral policies and targeted interventions which contribute towards ensuring that “no one is left behind”, the Aayog said in its report. • While this report is an indispensable first step in mainstreaming MPI, it is based on a dataset which is five years old. The success of numerous development interventions in the recent past have resulted in progress in key parameters on health, education, and standard of living,” it added. • The development of the National Multidimensional Poverty Index of India is an important contribution towards instituting a public policy tool which monitors multidimensional poverty, informs evidence-based and focused interventions, thereby ensuring that no one is left behind. This report presents an in-depth analysis of the headcount ratio and intensity of multidimensional poverty at the national, State/UT, and district levels.

■ The Constitution of India : • The Constitution of India was adopted on November 26, 1949. • The Constitution came into effect on January 26, 1950 and hence India celebrates its Republic Day on 26th January every year. • Every year Constitution Day is celebrated on November 26. The day is celebrated to mark the adoption of Constitution. It is also known as Samvidhan Divas or National Law Day. • The Constitution Day was declared in 2015. It was done to mark the 125th  birth anniversary of Dr.Ambedkar. • Dr.Ambedkar is called as the "Father of the Constitution of India" and "The Chief Architect of the Constitution of India". • Indian Constitution is the longest written Constitution in the world. • It took 2 years, 11 months and 18 days to frame the constitution. • Original Constitution has a Preamble, 395 Articles, 22 Parts and 8 Schedules. • The total amount spent to frame the Constitution was Rs.64 lakh. • January 26 was specifically chosen as the date of commencement of the Constitution because of its historical importance. It was on this day in 1930 that "Purna Swaraj day" was celebrated, following the resolution of the Lahore Session (December 1929) of the INC. • Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324,366 367 379, 380, 388, 391, 392 and 393 came into force on November 26, 1949 itself. • Original copies of the Constitution were written in two languages, Hindi and English. • The original copy of the Constitution was written by Prem Bihari Narayan Raizada by hand. It is written in Italic letters through excellent calligraphy. • The original version was beautified and decorated by artists Shantiniketan, Nand Lal Bose and Beohar Rammanohar Sinha. • The Constitution of India has borrowed some of its features from a number of countries, including Britain, Ireland, Japan, USA, South Africa, Germany, Australia, and Canada. □ History of Making of the Constitution : • In 1934, M.N. Roy first proposed the idea of a constituent assembly. • In 1935, the Indian National Congress (INC) for the first time, officially demanded a constituent assembly to frame the Constitution of India. • In 1938, Jawarhalal Nehru, on behalf of the declared that "the constitution of free India must be friend without outside interference by a controlled assembly elected on the basis of adult franchise". • The demand was finally accepted in principle by the British Government in what is known as the August Offer' of 1940. • In 1942, Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the cabinet, came to India with a draft proposal of the British Government on the framing of an independent Constitution to be adopted after the World War II. • But Cripps Proposals were rejected by the Muslim League which wanted India to be divided into two autonomous states with two separate Constituent Assemblies. • Finally, a Cabinet Mission was sent to India in 1946. While it rejected the idea of two Constituent Assemblies, it put forth a scheme for the Constituent Assembly which more or less satisfied the Muslim League. • The Cabinet Mission consists of three members. They are Pethick Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps, and Alexander. • Under the Cabinet Mission plan of 1946, elections were held for the formation of the constituent assembly. • The members of the Constituent Assembly are partly elected and partly nominated. • The Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946. The total strength of the Constituent Assembly was 389. • The Constituent Assembly held its first meeting on December 9, 1946. Sachidananda Sinha was elected as the temporary president of the Assembly. • Later, Dr.Rajendra Prasad was elected as the President of the Assembly. • The assembly had two Vice presidents. H.C Mukherjee and V.T. Krishnamachari were elected as the Vice Presidents of the Assembly. • 284 members were actually present on that day and signed the Constitution. • On January 24, 1950, the Constitution Assembly held its final session.