HemGlobin 🎗️

🔺الـdisplacement تكررت بآكثر من موضوع ف وارد جداً تجي .

Displacement according to Psychoanalytical Theories 🔻Freud’s Dream Work Displacement refers to the transfer of energy from an original object to a symbolic representation of the object. It is not the mere formation of alternate substitute but includes transfer of affective energy on that substitute – cathexis. 🔻Neurotic defence mechanisms The process by which interest and/or emotion is shifted from one object onto another less-threatening, often less-retaliating one . 🔻According to memory Displacement theory states that due to capacity limitation new info replaces old information .

Bowlby’s views: According to Bowlby, attachment begins in infancy and lasts throughout a lifetime According to Bowlby, the strong innate tendency to attach to one adult female is seen – this is called monotropy Bowlby believed that attachment is innate and adaptive. Attachment behaviour peaks between 12-18 months Harlow’s experiments: These experiments established the importance of contact comfort as a basic need in developing mother-infant bonding, irrespective of food 🐒🐵 Ainsworth’s experiments ⏭️⏭️ Strange Situation Experiment Spitz ⏭️⏭️ anaclitic depression or hospitalism Margaret Mahler⏭️⏭️ separation –individuation theory Rutter⏭️⏭️ distinguished deprivation from privation deprivation⏭️⏭️ more common in 8m to 3 yr Deprivation ⏭️⏭️ Attachment is formed but lost temporarily Privation ⏭️⏭️ refers to the non-formation of attachment; this is very rare and can lead to what Rutter termed as ‘affectionless psychopathy Ethology ⏭️⏭️ It was coined by Heinroth Imprinting⏭️⏭️ special primitive form of learning wherein during the early period of development (called critical or sensitive phase) Lorenz ⏭️⏭️ described the imprinting in goslings 🪿🪿 Fixed action pattern (FAP) ⏭️⏭️ is an inherent pattern of behaviour initiated by specific stimuli Object relations theory ⏭️⏭️ Melanie Klein was a major proponent of what came to be known as object relation theory Other prominent theorists include Fairbairn, Kernberg, Guntrip, Winnicott and Balint. هذا نيمونك يسهل حفظ أسماء العلماء لان مهمات : • Funny: يمثل Fairbairn • Kangaroos: يمثل Kernberg • Get: يمثل Guntrip • Wild: يمثل Winnicott • Bananas: يمثل Balint Kleinian defenses⏭️⏭️ SIPDOG i.e. Splitting, Introjection, Projective identification, Denial, Omnipotence and Grandiosity مهم depressive position ⏭️⏭️ the infant learns to cope with ambiguity/ambivalence paranoid-schizoid position⏭️⏭️ the anxiety is about the survival of the self (persecutory anxiety) depressive position ⏭️⏭️ the anxiety is about the loss of the object Winnicott’s concepts: Children’s psychological development occurs in a zone between reality and fantasy called transitional zone. Play is an important aspect of development of a child. Good-enough mothering⏭️⏭️ concept refers to the fact that a mother need not be perfect – but good enough to provide growth sustaining environment (holding). Parental control and impositions can lead to the development of a false self- different from the real self (theory of multiple self-organizations) Reparation phase ⏭️⏭️ Continues lifelong paranoid-schizoid position ⏭️⏭️ This position concerns an inability to perceive a whole object and splits all objects into their good and bad parts . depressive position⏭️⏭️ the infant learns to cope with ambiguity/ambivalence and can realisethat an individual can have both good and bad qualities . Melanie Klein ⏭️⏭️ described two positions, paranoid-schizoid position and depressive position

◾️اهم الشغلات محاضرة memory