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[Basic Info.] Composer: Hiroto NAGAI Recording: Feb. 26, 2023 Performance: PRT Quartet *Correction of unit: The solar constant is 1.366 kW/m2 (of 1366 W/m2). [ Note ] "Listen to the sound of the earth turning."−this is a quote of instructional art published by Yoko Ono in 1963. At first glance, this may be seen as an unrealizable instruction and a metaphor of some kind. In the present age, it is possible to observe the earth, collect digital data, convert it into audible feature, and listen to it. Such process is called sonification. Familiar examples are heart rate monitors in hospitals and radiation dosimeters (Geiger counters). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has converted observation data from space-borne telescopes and planetary probes into sounds. Although it is now possible to listen to the data or information that could not be heard directly by people, can they really be called "music"? What is needed for the sonified parts to be incorporated into major music works? These questions are the motivations behind the creation of this work. The materials for this work are originated from satellite-based earth observation data and climatic reanalysis datasets. They quantify the temporal changes of multiple physical quantities (i.e. shortwave and longwave radiation, surface temperature, cloud optical thickness, and precipitation). Four polar-regional points (i.e. an ice-core drilling site in the Greenland ice sheet, satellite communication facilities at Svalbard Islands, Showa Station in Antarctica, and Dome Fuji Station in Antarctica) are set for data sampling for two violins, a viola, and a cello. The composer's artificiality is added very little in the introduction chapter, whereas it appears more intensively in the latter chapter of the piece. In meteorology and other earth science, we know that almost all atmospheric phenomena and ecosystem are fundamentally driven by the solar radiant energy. The solar energy transmitted in different forms causes the balance and order on the terrestrial surface, resulting in human’s civilization. Not only focusing on outreach against the global warming, but the composer here intends to express great possibilities to tell about numerous aspects of earth science with artistic expression supported by the sonification technique.

The Coca-Cola Company tops the list as the number one polluter, and is responsible for 11 per cent of all branded waste, according to researchers from Dalhousie University.