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Veterinary Clinical Pathology Tips

معلومات مختصرة في التحاليل الطبية البيطرية د/شاهيناز السمنودي باحث اول باثولوجيا اكلينيكية بمعهد بحوث الصحة الحيوانية Associate professor of clinical pathology-Animal Health Research Institute-Alex.lab

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الخلية دي شكلها غريب فعلا Globule leukocytes (GLs) are a rare cytologic finding and by Wright‐staining are characterized by large eosinophilic cytoplasmic globules of varying sizes and numbers. Increased numbers of GLs have been associated with several disease processes, including parasitism and neoplasia.
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What is your diagnosis? Urine from a horse - Connor - 2024 - Veterinary Clinical Pathology - Wiley Online Library https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vcp.13346?sfnsn=scwspwa
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المهر المولود قبل ميعاده( 320يوم من الحمل) premature foal : نقص في عدد كريات الدم الحمراء وزيادة في حجم كرية الدم الحمراء MCV وزيادة في PCV ونقص في عدد النيتروفيل ونقص في الصوديوم والكلوريد وزيادة في الكالسيوم ونقص في الجلوكوز وزيادة في الكرياتنين كل ده اتوقعه طبيعي في premature foal
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Histology Bone marrow smear : Shotgun Histology

📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:-

https://www.instagram.com/drgbhanuprakash

📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:-

https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr

📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:-

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Histology Bone marrow smear Component Cells of a Bone Marrow Smear While the peripheral blood smear indicates the status of mature blood cells, the bone marrow smear can be used to assess the process of hematopoiesis, or blood cell formation. Active bone marrow appears highly cellular. The majority of the developing cells will become erythrocytes, which confer a red color to the marrow. For this reason, active bone marrow is also known as red bone marrow. Over time, the marrow becomes less active and its fat content increases. It is then referred to as yellow bone marrow. Once again, there are several important characteristics to take into account when viewing a bone marrow smear. These include: Size of the cell Cytoplasm to nucleus volume ratio Shape of the nucleus Degree of chromatin condensation Presence or absence of nucleoli Cytoplasmic staining Presence of cytoplasmic granules The blast cell is a pluripotent stem cell from which erythrocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes originate. Erythrocytes develop from erythryoblasts, granulocytes from myeloblasts, and lymphocytes from lymphoblasts. These cells, however, all appear identical - they are large with round or ovoid nuclei, a distinct nuclear membrane, visible nucleoli, and an abundant blue cytoplasm. As the blast cells differentiate, the resultant cells can be assigned to a particular cell line. Erythropoiesis is the development of red blood cells. There are several recognizable steps in this lineage: The erythroblast develops into a proerythroblast, which is only slightly smaller than the blast, but has a more basophilic cytoplasm. The basophilic erythroblast forms when the proerythroblast loses its nucleolus. These cells are much smaller than the blast cells and have an intensely basophilic cytoplasm that results from the accumulation of ribosomes. The polychromatophilic erythroblast has a darkly staining nucleus and its cytoplasm stains a grayish-green color due to the accumulation of hemoglobin. In the orthochromatic erythroblast, or normoblast, the nucleus becomes smaller and darker and the cytoplasm becomes pinker. Nuclear expulsion occurs at the end of this stage through an asymmetric division of the orthochromatic erythroblast. The portion that contains the cytoplasm and organelles becomes the reticulocyte, while the portion containing the nucleus is destroyed by macrophages. The reticulocyte contains cytoplasm, cytoplasmic organelles, and many ribosomes. It is released from the bone marrow and develops into a mature erythrocyte after spending 1 to 2 days in the peripheral blood. Granulopoiesis is the process by which white blood cells develop. The myeloid series has the most characteristic cell lineage: The myeloblast differentiates into a promyelocyte that becomes irreversibly committed to the neutrophilic cell line. This cell is large, with a large round nucleus, prominent nucleoli, and purple azurophilic granules. These granules are primary, nonspecific granules. Promyelocytes also give rise to eosinophils and basophils The myelocyte stage is characterized by the production of secondary, specific granules. Myelocytes can vary in cell size and nuclear shape. They contain both the purple staining azurophilic granules and lilac staining specific granules. As they develop, they decrease in size, their nucleus becomes indented, and there is a shift toward more specific granules. There is also a reduction in the number of organelles, which results in decreased basophilia of the cytoplasm. The metamyelocyte has a flattened nucleus with condense chromatin. The band cell has a horseshoe-shaped nucleus that is "immature." As development continues, it will mature into a segmented nucleus with multiple lobes. It will then be a mature neutrophil. Eosinophils and basophils undergo sequential stages of differentiation in a very similar manner to those of neutrophils.…

never treat laboratory data, always treat the patient.
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⬆️⬆️ في الصورة تظهر خلايا النيترفيل في عينة دم لكلب مريض... العدد الكلي لخلايا الدم البيضاء 💥طبيعي💥 رغم وجود التهابات وعدوي . بمعني أنه لو اعتمدت فقط علي قراءة العدد الكلي لخلايا الدم البيضاء للحكم علي الحالة خطأ.... تظهر في الصورة band neutrophil وتوجد تغيرات بالخلايا تشير لوجود الخلايا تحت ضغط تظهر هذة التغيرات بفحص شريحة الدم .
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The dog had a normal leukocyte and neutrophil count but more band neutrophils than segmented neutrophils (degenerative left shift) with marked toxic change as illustrated in this image (marked cytoplasmic basophilia, cytoplasmic vacuolation and Dohle bodies). The dog had a metritis. The cells going from left to right are a segmented neutrophil, a band neutrophil to metamyelocyte, and a band neutrophil. There is background rouleaux formation, likely due to increased fibrinogen (inflammation) or immunoglobulins Inflammatory leukogram in a dog with metritis
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Babesia canis in blood smear

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ابلكيشن للعد النوعي لخلايا الدم البيضاء

ابلكيشن يساعد في العد النوعي لخلايا الدم البيضاء أثناء فحص شريحة الدم differential leukocytic count

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