Surgery

✳️ للذين معهم اختبارات البكالوريوس جراحة 😄 جزئية النيورو راجعوها من هنا 🤗 https://t.me/+07EjEf7y-rhlZjY0

⭕️Most Common Lymph Nodes Involved⭕️ CA Penis➠ Inguinal LN CA Testis➪ On right: Inter-aortocaval LN ➪On left: Paraaortic LN CA Bladder➪Obturator LN CA Prostate➪ Obturator LN ⭕️Important names of Lymph Nodes⭕️ ◐Rotter’s nodes ➠Interpectoral nodes (CA breast) ◐Rouvier nodes➠• Retropharyngeal nodes (CA Nasopharynx) ◐Delphian nodes➠Pre-cricoid/Pre-tracheal/Pre-laryngeal lymph nodes ◐Irish nodes➠Nodes in left axilla (CA stomach) ◐Sister Mary Joseph nodes➠ Periumbilical metastatic cutaneous nodules ◐Virchow nodes➠ Left supraclavicular node ◐Cloquet node➠Femoral canal node ◐LN of Lund➠ Cystic lymph node ◐Krouse Lymph node ➠ Jugular fossa lymph node ◐Guiliano node ,Sentinel LN in carcinoma breast. #تجميعات_جراحة

⭕️Syndromes ,Genes ,Locations⭕️ ◐Breast/ovarian syndrome BRCA1 17 BRCA2 13 ◐Cowden’s disease PTEN 10 ◐FAP APC ◐HNPCC hMLH1 3 ◐Hereditary papillary RCC MET 7 ◐Li-Fraumeni p53 17 hCHK2 22 ◐MEN-1 MEN1 11 ◐MEN-2 RET 10 ◐NF-1 NF1 17 ◐NF-2 NF2 22 ◐Peutz-Jeghers syndrome STK11 19 ◐Retinoblastoma RB 13 ◐Tuberous sclerosis TSC1 9 ◐TSC2 16 ◐VHL syndrome VHL 3 ◐Wilms’ tumor WT 11 #تجميعات_جراحة

اوسكي جراحه القروب الثالث ١٩/١٠/٢٠٢٣ 1⃣_ define crossover s law? B_ give one exception of this law? 2⃣_ A_what is the insturment? Tracheotomy B_ other tools to keep the airway patent ? ET tube Oropharyngeal tube 3⃣_ picture of wound on left hand for patient not vaccinated for tetanus. A - give Prophylaxes for this patient against tetanus ? B_name the types of surgical wounds? 4⃣_ مريض حصل له RTA وعنده ال vital signs HR:80 RR:18 BP130/90 urine out put 100 ml in 3 hours A_what is the classification of hrge shoke ? Class 1 B_ what is Approximated blood loss? 5⃣_ lat. view of spine x ray وفيها مناطق سوداء ! A_ Diagnosis ? B_ complications? 6⃣_ صورة x_ray فيها شكل well defined mass  ،وفي الهيستوري إن المريض سعل قطع بيضاء A_ what do you see on x ray? B_ what is the diagnosis ? Hydatid cyst 7⃣_a picture of brust abdomen A_ what is spot diagnosis ? B_Mangment ? 8⃣_ X ray of ant. Shoulder dislocation A_ Diagnosis ? B_ 2 complications? 9⃣_pt with DM & had sever pain and crebtus under skin along his forearm A_ Diagnosis? B - Mangment? 🔟_ picture of IVP contrast x ray of urinary system A_ what is the finding? B_ 4 possibale causes of this condition?

راجعوا كل المواضيع ولا تحذفوا من عندكم اي موضوع 👌 بالتوفيق لكل طلاب الجراحة باختباراتهم✨🤲

في بنك المطري نهاية شابتر الorthopedic في غلط في الإجابات بترتيب الأرقام. هذا الملف عدلوا عليه الدفع اللي قبلنا انا شفت في غلط بترتيب الإجابات شابتر الorthopedic بقية الشابترز ماشفتهن.

Breast Examination 💠Great, introduce, permission, privacy, wash 💠Position: Inspection➡️sitting Palpation➡️supine axilla➡️sitting or all the procedure at 45°! 💠Exposure: ideally untill the waist 💠Well, comfortable, lie 🟫Inspection: from in (nipple) to out (axilla) ◾️Symmetry ◾️Nipple-areola complex (6 Ds +R) 1. Direction 2. Displacement (from nipple line) 3 .Deviation 4. Discharge 5. Distruction 6. Dublication 7. Retraction ◾️Skin: 1. Scar 2. Sinus 3. Discoloration 4. Dilated viens or pulsation 5. Dimpling 6. Peau d'orange 7. Ulcer 8. Vesible lump (4s) 9. Inframammary fold for scar ◾️Axilla 1. Skin tethering 2. Axillary swellings (LN) 3. Arm swelling (LN & lymphedema) 🟫Palpation 👉Ask about the pain 👉Use both hands if large breast 👉Start with normal site, 👉Anticlock, 👉6 areas, 👉Palpate nipple area with the palm! ◾️Tenderness ◾️Temperature ◾️Palpate mass 1. size 2. site, 3. shape, 4. surface 5. consistency, 6. edge, 7. attached to skin 8. attached to underlying structure (ask her to push againt the waist then move the lump) ◾️Press the areola for discharge ◾️Axillary LN + Supra and Infra clavicular joint 👉Your right hand with right hand of the patient & vice vera 👉If palpable comment on: 1. site 2. size 3. shape 4. consistency 5. fixity 6. single or multible 7. molten together 🔸anterior 🔸posterior 🔸lateral 🔸pectoral 🔸apical 🟫Other area to examine ◾️chest for pleural effusion ◾️abdomen for organomegally and ascitis ◾️back for tenderness ◾️general examination

〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰 1. Lump 〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰〰 Lump Hx: 💠 Introduce, permission, Privacy 💠 Personal Data 💠 Complain/duration 💠 HPI ▪️How Discovered ▪️Onset ▪️Progression ▪️Persistence ▪️Multiplicity ▪️Causes/trauma ▪️associated symptoms 🔸Pain 🔸Fever 🔸Discharge 💠 systemic review 💠 Past medical hx 💠 Family hx 💠 social hx 💠 drug hx Lump Examination 💠Great, Introduce, Permission, Privacy, Wash 💠Exposure bilateral ______ 🟫 Inspection: 6s 🔸Site: measure from bony prominance 🔸Size: 3 dimensions 🔸Shape eg hemispherical, oval 🔸Skin over it 1. scar 2. sinus/️discharge 3. dilated vien/️pulsation 4. discoloration 5. ulceration 🔸Symmetry if multible 🔸Special character ______ 🟫 Palpation: 🔸Have pain? 🔸Tenderness 🔸Temperature ______ 🔸Surface: ▪️smooth ▪️nodular ▪️lobular ▪️irregular 🔸Consistency: ▪️soft ▪️firm ▪️hard ▪️cystic 👉paget test if very small ! 👉signs of molding if soft or cystic 🔸Edge ▪️well define ▪️ill define ▪️slippery (lipoma) ______ If soft or cystic do: 🔸Fluctuation test 🔸Translumination 🔸Pulsatile/expansile 🔸Compressiblity: re expand again to its original size without any external effects 🔸Reducablility: re expand again to its original size with cough, straigning or gravity ______ 🔸Attached to skin 🔸Attached to underling structure: ▪️first free move ▪️then with muscle acting ▪️In the abdomen elevate the leg if disappear➡️ from viscera if still appear➡️ subcutanous ▪️in the ganglion it will fix to the tendon so it will move with the movement of the tendon, and it will be fix when extend the wrist ______ 🟫Special Tests: According to the site: Bruit, resonance, etc 🟫 Complete by: 1. Regional LN 2. Near joint 3. General ex

Thyroid Examination 💠Great, introduce, permission, privacy, wash 💠General: well, sitting, comfortable, not agitated, thin/fat his/her cloth suitable for room temperature 💠Exposure: from nipple line & above 🟫 Inspection: 6Ss 1⃣Swallowing/tongue protrusion 2⃣Site 3⃣Size 4⃣Shape 5⃣Skin over it ▪️scar ▪sinus/discharge ▪️discoloration ▪️dilated veins/ vesible pulsation ▪️ulcer 6⃣Suprasternal notch 🟫Palpation From anterior: 4Ts ask about the pain Temperature Tenderness Trachea Thrill From posterior 🔸Tell the pt you want to examine him from posterior! 🔸Relax muscle 🔸Support with one ✋and palpate with the other for: ▪️site ▪️size ▪️shape __ ▪️surface ▪️consistency ▪️edge __ ▪️attachment to skin ▪️attachment to muscle __ ▪️palpate isthmus ▪️Movement with swallowing + Retrosternal extension (palpate the lower edge by your little fingers and ask the pt to swallow) 🔸Lymphnodes ▪️submental ▪️submandibular ▪️pre/post auricular ▪️anterior/posterior cervical ▪️occipital ▪️supra/infra clavicular 🔸Skull for swelling 🟫Percussion clavicle sternum (from resonant area) 🟫Ascultation over the swelling above the swelling 🟫General examination 🔹Upper limp moist/dry cold/hot palmar erythema acropathy Vitiligo fine tremors pulse PB temp Proximal myopathy (resist abduction of the arm) 🔹Eye Passive 1⃣lid retraction: sclera above the iris 2⃣exophthalmos: from behind and above the pt 3⃣chemosis 4⃣loss of lateral eye brows 5⃣periorbital edema or redness Active 6⃣ophthalmoplegia 7⃣convergnce 8⃣lid lag 🔹Reflexes 🔹pretibial myxedema 🔹cardiovascular ex