ESP | English for Specific Purposes

WEAVING terms | Part 2 | Warping Warping = the process of arranging yarns or threads lengthwise on a loom Back to Front: A phrase used to describe the traditional warping method after the recent popularity with a method called front to back warping. Bout: One wound group of warp threads, tied together, which contains up to 6"(inches) of warp width. Beaming: Winding the warp, which is spaced out to its weaving width, onto the warp beam. Choke: Very tight, but temporary ties spaced every two yards along the warp bout to keep the threads secure. Cross (lease): The crossing of warp threads made by winding between dowels at the end of a bout, to keep them in order for beaming and threading the warp. Ends: Individual warp threads. Filling: An industry term for weft. Guide String: A non-stretchy cord measured to be the same length as the warp and placed on the warping reel or frame to be a guide for winding the warp bouts. Sectional Warping: A method for winding a warp used for long warps for production weaving. Warp is wound onto spools or cones, one for each end in a section of one or two inches. These warps are wound into the first section through a tension box. The warp is cut and then the next section is wound. Sett (also epi / ‘ends per inch’): The number of warp threads per inch. Sleying: Passing the warp ends through the dents in the reed. Threading (drawing in): Drawing the warp threads through the eyes of the heddles. Thrums: Unwoven warp left when the last woven piece is cut from the loom. It is called loom waste when planning warps. Tie-up: The tying or connecting of cords to parts of the loom to hang the shafts, lamms and/or treadles. Warp: Threads running the length of the loom across which threads are woven. Weft (filling): Threads which are woven crosswise to the warp to form the web. See also WEAVING terms | Part 1 #weaving

Cracks in the Ocean Floor The concept that the ocean floor is spreading was studied for many years: new crust constantly forms at the bottom of the ocean. The ocean floor has deep trenches, plains, and mountain ranges. The mountain ranges are higher than those found on the continents but with different characteristics. The spines of these great mountain ranges, called mid-ocean ridges, exhibit incredible volcanic activity in rift zones. The rift zones are fissures(=splits) in relatively narrow regions of the crust, along which the crust splits and spreads. One hundred eighty million years ago, the paleocontinent Gondwana broke apart, forming a rift from which the Atlantic Ocean grew, and is still growing. The Crust Under the Oceans The constant generation of new ocean crust along rift zones powers a seemingly endless process that generates new lithosphere that is carried from the crest(=the top) of the ridges, as if on a conveyor belt. Because of this, scientists have calculated that in about 250 million years, the continents will again join and form a new Pangea as they are pushed by the continually expanding ocean floor. Ocean plates are in contact with land plates at the active boundaries of subduction zones or at passive continental boundaries (continental shelves and slopes). Undersea subduction zones, called ocean trenches, also occur between oceanic plates: these are the deepest places on the planet. #volcanology

Airplane Procedures #tourism #civilaviation

Shelf Bracket Stove Being able to efficiently support or hang a cooking pot over a fire is sometimes easier said than done. One of the quickiest stove hacks involves 3 metal shelf brackets that cost under $5. They are also very lightweight and packable if you need to take them on the move. Once you’ve got a good bed of coals going, stab the metal L-shaped brackets into the ground as shown in the image and scoop the coals underneath. This makes for a very sturdy surface on which to cook stews, fry meats and wild veggies, or boil water. You can stab the short ends deeper in the ground to create a surface closer to the coals if necessary. Use 4 brackets to make a larger, square raised platform. bed of coals = the layer of burning coals in a fireplace, grill, or any other type of stove scoop = here to get together in little pile #survival

Pedicure See also Manicure #stylist #service

Filmmaking Terms | Production (On Set) | Camera & Lighting | Part 1 camera = the device used to capture images for a film. lens = an optical device used with a camera to focus light and form an image on the sensor. aperture = the opening in a lens through which light passes, controlling the amount of light and depth of field. measured in f-stops. shutter speed = the duration for which the camera's sensor is exposed to light, affecting motion blur. ISO = a measure of a camera sensor's sensitivity to light. higher iso means more sensitivity but can introduce noise. depth of field = the range of distance in front of and behind the subject that appears acceptably sharp in a photograph or video. focus = the sharpness or clarity of an image. rack focus = a technique where the focus shifts from one subject to another within the same shot. deep focus = a technique where all elements in the foreground, mid-ground, and background are in sharp focus simultaneously. framing = the way a shot is composed within the camera's frame, including the position of subjects and objects. composition = the arrangement of elements within the frame to create an aesthetically pleasing and meaningful image. rule of thirds = a compositional guideline that divides the image into nine equal sections by two horizontal and two vertical lines, suggesting placing key elements along these lines or their intersections. headroom = the space between the top of a subject's head and the top of the frame. nose room = the space left in front of a subject who is moving or looking off-screen, giving them "room to move into." eye line = the direction in which a subject is looking, crucial for maintaining continuity in conversations between characters. #filmmaking

Rugby Rules gutsy = brave and determined grunt work = the basic, hard work, often physical or boring work, that is necessary for something to succeed, often considered undesirable and delegated to others finesse = great skill or style See also Rugby Overview The Rugby Field Rugby Players Rugby Rules #sports #video

The Turbine axle = a central shaft for a rotating gear mounted = fixed alloy = a metal that is formed by mixing two types of metal together, or by mixing metal with another substance = injected = introduced into something forcefully nozzle = a cylindrical or round spout at the end of a pipe, hose, or tube used to control a jet of gas or liquid spout = a tube or lip(=opening) projecting from a container, through which liquid can be poured the force that pushes an aircraft through the air combustion = the process of burning something bigger size #aircraft

Biotechnology #cell_biology

Sub-structure grade = the slope or inclination of the track camber = cant = the difference in elevation (height) between the two rails or edges of the road ballast = the material, typically crushed stone or gravel, that is laid beneath and around railroad ties to provide stability, support the weight of the tracks, and facilitate drainage sub-ballast = the layer placed beneath the track ballast in railway construction formation = the part of the railway installations that carries the rolling traffic adequate = sufficient for a specific need or requirement pressing issue = a problem or subject that is urgent and needs immediate attention clogged = blocked or filled with something debris = the remains of something broken down or destroyed #railway

Police Basic Equipment #police #tools

Motion #physics

Pet Photography Cheat Sheet V-tap battery = a high capacity external battery ND filter = Neutral Density filters that reduce or modify the intensity of all wavelengths, or colors, of light equally #photography

Places In A Surface Mine | Part 2 See also Places In A Surface Mine | Part 1 #mining

Living Water living water = water of life precipitate = to fall from the air as a form of water, such as rain or snow humidify = to make wet aquifer [ˈakwɪfə] = a layer of rock, sand, or earth that contains water or allows water to pass through it interstitial water = rock pores water terrestrial hydroshere = the total amount of water found on, under, and above the surface of the Earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and water vapor in the atmosphere #meteorology

Reproductive System intercourse = physical sexual contact fertilization = the union of male and female sex cells to form a zygote [ˈzʌɪɡəʊt] counsel = to recommend STD = sexually transmitted disease HIV = human immunodeficiency virus infertility = a condition that makes a woman or a couple unable to get pregnant #medical

Bearings #mechanics

Parts of a ship | Part 2 head = the ship's toilet companionway = a ship's stairway from one deck to another deck = floor overhead = ceiling partition = wall See also Parts of a ship | Part 1 #marine_engineering