جافا Java

❓ حقول مقابل دالة مُعاد تعريفها Fields vs overridden method

class A { int v = 1; int get(){ return v; } }
class B extends A { int v = 2; int get(){ return v; } }
A a = new B();
System.out.println(a.v + "," + a.get());

❓ اختيار overload مع null Overload resolution with null

void f(Object o){ System.out.print("O"); }
void f(String s){ System.out.print("S"); }
f(null);

❓ تمرير مصفوفة لميثود Passing array to method

static void inc(int[] a){
  for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) a[i]++;
}
int[] a = {0,1,2};
inc(a);
System.out.println(a[2]);

❓ switch مع break switch with break

int n = 1;
switch (n) {
  case 1: System.out.print("X"); break;
  default: System.out.print("Y");
}

❓ اقتران else بالأقرب else pairs with nearest if

int x = 0, y = 10;
if (y > 0)
  if (x == 1) System.out.print("A");
  else System.out.print("B");

❓ do-while تُنفَّذ مرة على الأقل do-while runs at least once

int i = 5;
do { i++; } while (i < 5);
System.out.println(i);

❓ ما ناتج الجمع مع break؟ What is the output with break?

int sum = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
  if (i == 4) break;
  sum += i;
}
System.out.println(sum);

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❓ التركيب مقابل الوراثة Composition vs inheritance

❓ استخدام this للإشارة لحقل مُغَطّى Using this to refer to a shadowed field

class T {
  int n = 10;
  void set(int n){ n = n; }
  int get(){ return n; }
}
T t = new T();
t.set(5);
System.out.println(t.get());