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only Explanation Statement 1 is correct: Sakurajima is a stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, formed by alternating layers of lava and ash. Statement 2 is correct: It is located at a convergent plate margin where tectonic plates interact, leading to subduction and volcanic activity. Statement 3 is incorrect: Shield volcanoes have gentle slopes and are formed by low-viscosity lava. Stratovolcanoes like Sakurajima are steep and explosive due to viscous magma. Sakurajima is one of Japan’s most active volcanoes and frequently erupts.

Mega Quiz Correct Answer with Explanation ! Q1. Consider the following statements regarding Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES): 1. It sequences only the protein-coding regions of the genome. 2. These regions constitute less than 2% of the genome. 3. These regions contain the majority of disease-causing genetic variants. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 Explanation Statement 1 is correct: Whole-Exome Sequencing focuses only on exons, which are the protein-coding regions of the genome. Statement 2 is correct: Exons constitute less than 2% of the entire human genome, making WES a targeted sequencing approach. Statement 3 is correct: Despite being a small portion of the genome, exons contain about 85% of disease-causing mutations. This makes WES highly useful in diagnosing genetic disorders. WES is faster and more cost-effective than whole genome sequencing because it avoids sequencing non-coding regions. Q2. Consider the following statements regarding INS Dhruv: 1. It is a missile-tracking and ocean surveillance ship. 2. It is operated solely by the Indian Navy. 3. It can track ballistic missiles using advanced radar systems. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only Explanation Statement 1 is correct: INS Dhruv is India’s first dedicated missile-tracking and ocean surveillance ship, designed for strategic and defence purposes. Statement 2 is incorrect: It is not operated solely by the Indian Navy. It is jointly operated by the Indian Navy, DRDO, and NTRO, reflecting its strategic and intelligence-gathering role. Statement 3 is correct: The ship is equipped with advanced X-band and S-band AESA radars, enabling it to track ballistic missiles and satellites from long distances. INS Dhruv is a critical asset for India’s ballistic missile defence system and strategic surveillance capabilities. Q3. Consider the following statements regarding Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary: 1. It is located in Telangana. 2. The Godavari River flows through it. 3. It is dominated by tropical evergreen forests. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only Explanation Statement 1 is correct: Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Mulugu district of Telangana, near the borders of Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh. Statement 2 is correct: The Godavari River flows through the sanctuary, providing a crucial water source and supporting biodiversity. Statement 3 is incorrect: The sanctuary is not dominated by evergreen forests. It mainly consists of tropical dry deciduous forests with species like teak and bamboo. The sanctuary is also culturally significant as it houses the Sammakka-Saralamma Temple. Q4. Consider the following statements regarding Calamaria garoensis: 1. It is a species of burrowing reed snake discovered in Meghalaya. 2. It is a venomous snake species. Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Answer: (b) 1 only Explanation Statement 1 is correct: Calamaria garoensis is a newly discovered species of burrowing reed snake found in the Garo Hills region of Meghalaya. It has a restricted distribution and is associated with moist forest habitats. Statement 2 is incorrect: Reed snakes of the genus Calamaria are non-venomous. They are small, secretive, and mostly burrowing in nature. These snakes play an ecological role by feeding on small invertebrates and contributing to soil ecosystem balance. Q5. Consider the following statements regarding Sakurajima Volcano: 1. It is a stratovolcano formed by layers of lava and ash. 2. It is located at a convergent plate boundary. 3. It is a shield volcano characterized by gentle slopes. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: (c) 1 and 2

Mega Quiz Correct Answer with Explanation ! Q1. Consider the following statements regarding Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES): 1. It sequences only the protein-coding regions of the genome. 2. These regions constitute less than 2% of the genome. 3. These regions contain the majority of disease-causing genetic variants. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 Explanation Statement 1 is correct: Whole-Exome Sequencing focuses only on exons, which are the protein-coding regions of the genome. Statement 2 is correct: Exons constitute less than 2% of the entire human genome, making WES a targeted sequencing approach. Statement 3 is correct: Despite being a small portion of the genome, exons contain about 85% of disease-causing mutations. This makes WES highly useful in diagnosing genetic disorders. WES is faster and more cost-effective than whole genome sequencing because it avoids sequencing non-coding regions. Q2. Consider the following statements regarding INS Dhruv: 1. It is a missile-tracking and ocean surveillance ship. 2. It is operated solely by the Indian Navy. 3. It can track ballistic missiles using advanced radar systems. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only Explanation Statement 1 is correct: INS Dhruv is India’s first dedicated missile-tracking and ocean surveillance ship, designed for strategic and defence purposes. Statement 2 is incorrect: It is not operated solely by the Indian Navy. It is jointly operated by the Indian Navy, DRDO, and NTRO, reflecting its strategic and intelligence-gathering role. Statement 3 is correct: The ship is equipped with advanced X-band and S-band AESA radars, enabling it to track ballistic missiles and satellites from long distances. INS Dhruv is a critical asset for India’s ballistic missile defence system and strategic surveillance capabilities. Q3. Consider the following statements regarding Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary: 1. It is located in Telangana. 2. The Godavari River flows through it. 3. It is dominated by tropical evergreen forests. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only Explanation Statement 1 is correct: Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Mulugu district of Telangana, near the borders of Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh. Statement 2 is correct: The Godavari River flows through the sanctuary, providing a crucial water source and supporting biodiversity. Statement 3 is incorrect: The sanctuary is not dominated by evergreen forests. It mainly consists of tropical dry deciduous forests with species like teak and bamboo. The sanctuary is also culturally significant as it houses the Sammakka-Saralamma Temple. Q4. Consider the following statements regarding Calamaria garoensis: 1. It is a species of burrowing reed snake discovered in Meghalaya. 2. It is a venomous snake species. Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Answer: (b) 1 only Explanation Statement 1 is correct: Calamaria garoensis is a newly discovered species of burrowing reed snake found in the Garo Hills region of Meghalaya. It has a restricted distribution and is associated with moist forest habitats. Statement 2 is incorrect: Reed snakes of the genus Calamaria are non-venomous. They are small, secretive, and mostly burrowing in nature. These snakes play an ecological role by feeding on small invertebrates and contributing to soil ecosystem balance. Q5. Consider the following statements regarding Sakurajima Volcano: 1. It is a stratovolcano formed by layers of lava and ash. 2. It is located at a convergent plate boundary. 3. It is a shield volcano characterized by gentle slopes. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: (c) 1 and 2

Q5. Consider the following statements regarding Sakurajima Volcano: 1. It is a stratovolcano formed by layers of lava and ash. 2. It is located at a convergent plate boundary. 3. It is a shield volcano characterized by gentle slopes.

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding Calamaria garoensis: 1. It is a species of burrowing reed snake discovered in Meghalaya. 2. It is a venomous snake species.

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary: 1. It is located in Telangana. 2. The Godavari River flows through it. 3. It is dominated by tropical evergreen forests.

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding INS Dhruv: 1. It is a missile-tracking and ocean surveillance ship. 2. It is operated solely by the Indian Navy. 3. It can track ballistic missiles using advanced radar systems.

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES): 1. It sequences only the protein-coding regions of the genome. 2. These regions constitute less than 2% of the genome. 3. These regions contain the majority of disease-causing genetic variants.

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