Upsc prelims MCQ

Shipki La is a high-altitude mountain pass in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh, located on the India–China (Tibet) border. It lies on the Sutlej River valley, and the Sutlej enters India from Tibet through this region. (a) Chumbi Valley is located mainly in the Tibet–Sikkim–Bhutan tri-junction region and is associated with the Chumbi River and Nathu La/Jelep La passes, not Shipki La. (b) Brahmaputra Valley is associated with the Brahmaputra River, particularly in Arunachal Pradesh and Assam; important passes such as Bum La and regions around Tawang are connected with this area, not Shipki La. (d) Teesta Valley is mainly associated with the Teesta River in Sikkim and northern West Bengal, with passes such as Nathu La connecting Sikkim with Tibet.

(A) Kamet Incorrect Kamet is a very high Himalayan peak of Uttarakhand, but it belongs to the Garhwal Himalaya, not the Kumaon Himalaya in the classification used in this question. Its elevation is about 7,756 m. (B) Nanda Devi Correct Nanda Devi, at 7,816 m, is the highest peak of the Kumaon Himalayan region according to the classification used in the question. It is also the highest mountain located entirely within India. (C) Trishul Incorrect The Trishul group is another important group of peaks in Uttarakhand, but Trishul is not the highest peak of the Kumaon Himalaya. (D) Badrinath Incorrect Badrinath is primarily famous as a pilgrimage centre. The nearby Neelkanth is a major Himalayan peak, but Badrinath is not the highest peak of the Kumaon Himalaya

(a) Aravalli Range → Highly denuded remnant of an ancient fold mountain system Correct The Aravalli Range is one of the oldest fold mountain systems of the world. Over a very long period, intense weathering and erosion have reduced the original mountain system, leaving a highly eroded or residual mountain range. Therefore, Aravalli corresponds to 1. (b) Nallamala Hills → Structural hill range forming a major segment of Eastern Ghats Correct The Nallamala Hills are located mainly in Andhra Pradesh and form an important part of the Eastern Ghats. They have a strong structural character and consist largely of sedimentary formations associated with the Cuddapah basin. Government geological material also identifies the Nallamala Hills as part of the Eastern Ghats and describes structural hills in the region. (c) Javadi Hills → Dissected plateau remnant representing fragmented Eastern Ghats Correct The Javadi Hills are located in Tamil Nadu and represent one of the detached hill groups of the Eastern Ghats. The Eastern Ghats are highly discontinuous because rivers and prolonged erosion have dissected the ancient plateau. Hence, Javadi Hills can be understood as a dissected/remnant portion of the Eastern Ghats. (d) Mahendragiri Hills → North-eastern discontinuous extension of Eastern Ghats Correct Mahendragiri Hills are in southern Odisha and form an important northern part of the Eastern Ghats. Mahendragiri rises to about 1,500 m and is one of the prominent highlands of the Eastern Ghats.