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India 🇮🇳 Pakistan 🇵🇰Relations since 1947 _ https://youtu.be/wNUpWyqIZmQ

Global Gender Gap Report, 2021 India has slipped 28 places to rank 140th among 156 countries in the World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Report 2021, becoming the third-worst performer in South Asia. For the 12th time, Iceland is the most gender-equal country in the world. The top 10 most gender-equal countries include Finland, Norway, New Zealand, Rwanda, Sweden, Ireland and Switzerland. Global Gender Gap Index The report is annually published by the World Economic Forum (WEF). It benchmarks countries on their progress towards gender parity in four dimensions: Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival and Political Empowerment. The report aims to serve "as a compass to track progress on relative gaps between women and men on health, education, economy and politics". Highlights of the 2021 report Indian prospects According to the report, India has closed 62.5% of its gender gap to date. Economic participation: India's gender gap on this dimension widened by 3% this year, leading to a 32.6% gap closed to date. Political empowerment: India regressed 13.5 percentage points, with a significant decline in the number of women ministers. Income: Further, the estimated earned income of women in India is only one-fifth of men's, which puts the country among the bottom 10 globally on this indicator. Health: Discrimination against women is also reflected in the health and survival subindex statistics. With 93.7% of this gap closed to date, India ranks among the bottom five countries in this subindex. Violence: Wide gaps in sex ratio at birth are due to the high incidence of gender-based sex-selective practices. In addition, more than one in four women has faced intimate violence in her lifetime, the report said. India's neighbourhood In South Asia, only Pakistan and Afghanistan ranked below India. Among India's neighbours, Bangladesh ranked 65, Nepal 106, Pakistan 153, Afghanistan 156, Bhutan 130 and Sri Lanka 116. Among regions, South Asia is the second-lowest performer on the index, with 62.3% of its overall gender gap closed. Within the region, a wide gulf separates the best-performing country, Bangladesh, which has closed 71.9% of its gender gap so far, from Afghanistan, which has only closed 44.4% of its gap. Because of its large population, India's performance has a substantial impact on the region's overall performance. 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

Launch of AIM-PRIME Part of: GS Prelims and GS – III – Innovation; Entrepreneurship In news Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), NITI Aayog launched AIM-PRIME (Program for Researchers on Innovations, Market-Readiness & Entrepreneurship). It is an initiative to promote and support science-based deep-tech start-ups & ventures across India. Key takeaways In this regard, AIM has joined hands with Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) to launch this nationwide program. It will be implemented by Venture Center – a non-profit technology business incubator. The first cohort of the program is open to technology developers with strong science-based deep tech business ideas. It is also open to CEOs and Senior incubation managers of AIM Funded Atal Incubation Centers that are supporting deep tech entrepreneurs. Do you know? Deep technology is an outcome of very intense research and development (R&D) with high knowledge content. The benefits of this program are aimed at addressing specific issues through training and guidance over a period of 12 months. 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

World Immunisation and Logistics Summit Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – International Relations; Health In news Recently, Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare digitally participated in a panel discussion on vaccine production and distribution across Asia at the “World Immunisation and Logistics Summit”. Key takeaways Initiative by: HOPE Consortium Objective: To enhance collaboration in the world’s approach to tackle COVID-19 and ensure a healthier future for all. Hosted by: Abu Dhabi Acclaimed global healthcare and philanthropic leaders, decision-makers, experts and senior government officials participated to explore a unified global approach to fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Important value additions HOPE Consortium Spearheaded by: Department of Health – Abu Dhabi It brings together leading brands to deliver an end-to-end solution to distribute COVID-19 vaccines globally 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

India 🇮🇳 USA 🇺🇸Relationship https://youtu.be/B7YDitrFUGM

[pib] Exercise Desert Flag-VI Exercise Desert Flag -VI has successfully culminated with the de-induction of the Indian contingent from the UAE. Ex Desert Flag It is an annual multi-lateral large force employment exercise hosted by UAE. The sixth edition of the exercise was conducted at Air Force Base Al Dhafra, UAE. IAF participated in the exercise for the first time, fielding Su-30MKI fighter aircraft. Six countries; UAE, USA, France, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain apart from India participated with aerial assets. Jordan, Greece, Qatar, Egypt and South Korea participated as observer forces. Objective of the exercise The aim for the participating crew and specialist observers was to expose them to operational environment in scenarios requiring multinational forces working together. A multinational exercise in UAE with friendly forces afforded a unique opportunity to gain valuable learning to all the participating forces. Must read: [Prelims Spotlight] Defence Exercises 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

China and Iran Sign 25-Year ‘Strategic Pact’ Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – International Relations In news China and Iran signed a 25-year “strategic cooperation pact” recently. Key takeaways It includes “political, strategic and economic” components. This document can be very effective in deepening relations It would establish a blueprint for “reciprocal investments in the fields of transport, ports, energy, industry and services”. The agreement comes amid a major push from China to back Iran as it deals with the continuing weight of sanctions China is its largest trading partner. Do you know? China and Russia called for the U.S. to “unconditionally return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) as soon as possible and revoke the unilateral sanctions against Iran. In this context, they proposed “the establishment of a regional security dialogue platform to converge a new consensus on resolving the security concerns of countries in the region”. 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

India-Bangladesh Relations Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – International Relations In news India and Bangladesh signed 5 MoUs in the fields of Disaster Management, trade, NCC, ICT and setting up of sports facilities recently. Key takeaways Foundation stone was laid for infrastructure development for power evacuation facilities from the Rooppur Nuclear power plant. The Bangladesh leg of the Banagabandhu-Bapu Digital Exhibition was inaugurated by the two Prime Ministers. It will be taken to other parts of the world including the UN. Both the leaders also unveiled the foundation stone for the construction of a memorial at Ashuganj honoring the martyrs of Indian armed forces in the 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh. India gifted 109 life support ambulances to Bangladesh and also 1.2 million doses of the Covishield vaccine. Three border haats were also opened along the India-Bangladesh border. Other announcements made: A direct passenger train named ‘Mitali Express’ will run between Dhaka and New Jalpaiguri. Indian Prime Minister invited 50 young entrepreneurs from Bangladesh to connect with India’s start up ecosystem 1000 Subarno Jayanti Scholarships were announced for the Bangladeshi students to study in India at the Undergraduate and postgraduate levels. A Bangabandhu Chair will be established at Delhi University to facilitate Bangladesh studies. Both countries agreed to start a new area of cooperation in the Civil nuclear and space sectors. Following places were visited by Indian Prime Minister on his Bangladesh visit: Birthplace of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at Tungipara. Jeshoreshwari temple in Satkhira. Harimandir in Orakandi and addressed the representatives of the Matua community. 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

NASA and ISRO collaborate on satellite NISAR Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II – International Relations & GS-III – Space In news NASA and ISRO are collaborating on developing a satellite called NISAR. It will detect movements of Earth’s surface as small as 0.4 inches over areas about half the size of a tennis court. Key takeaways It is an SUV-sized satellite. The name NISAR is short for NASA-ISRO-SAR. SAR here refers to the synthetic aperture radar that NASA will use to measure changes in the surface of the Earth. Also, SAR refers to a technique for producing high-resolution images. Because of the precision, the radar can penetrate clouds and darkness, which means that it can collect data day and night in any weather. NASA will provide one of the radars for the satellite, a high-rate communication subsystem for science data, GPS receivers and a payload data subsystem. Do you know? ISRO will provide the spacecraft bus, the second type of radar (called the S-band radar), the launch vehicle and associated launch services. The satellite will be launched in 2022 from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, India, into a near-polar orbit. It will scan the globe every 12 days over the course of its three-year mission of imaging the Earth’s land, ice sheets and sea ice to give an “unprecedented” view of the planet. 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

Teesta Water Sharing Deal PM while on his tour of Bangladesh assured his best to ink the long-awaited deal over the Teesta and other common rivers. On at least two occasions2011 and 2017Bangladesh and India came close to signing a deal on the Teesta. Teesta River Teesta River is a 315 km long river that rises in the eastern Himalayas, flows through the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal through Bangladesh and enters the Bay of Bengal. It is a tributary of the Brahmaputra (known as Jamuna in Bangladesh), flowing through India and Bangladesh. It originates in the Himalayas near Chunthang, Sikkim and flows to the south through West Bengal before entering Bangladesh. Originally, it continued southward to empty directly into the Padma River but around 1787 the river changed its course to flow eastward to join the Jamuna river. The Teesta Barrage dam helps to provide irrigation for the plains between the upper Padma and the Jamuna. What is the dispute about? The point of contention between India and Bangladesh is mainly the lean season flow in the Teesta draining into Bangladesh. The river covers nearly the entire floodplains of Sikkim while draining 2,800 sq km of Bangladesh, governing the lives of hundreds of thousands of people. For West Bengal, Teesta is equally important, considered the lifeline of half-a-dozen districts in North Bengal. Bangladesh has sought an "equitable" distribution of Teesta waters from India, on the lines of the Ganga Water Treaty of 1996, but to no avail. The failure to ink a deal had its fallout on the country's politics, putting the ruling party of PM Sheikh Hasina in a spot. The hydrological linkages between India and Bangladesh are a product of geography and a matter of shared history. Discuss this statement in line with the Teesta water sharing dispute. The deal Following a half-hearted deal in 1983, when a nearly equal division of water was proposed, the countries hit a roadblock. The transient agreement could not be implemented. Talks resumed after the Awami League returned to power in 2008 and the former Indian PM Manmohan Singh visited Dhaka in 2011. In 2015, PM Modi's visit to Dhaka generated more ebullient lines: deliberations were underway involving all the stakeholders to conclude the agreement as soon as possible. Issues from the Indian side It remains an unfinished project and one of the key stakeholders West Bengal CM is yet to endorse the deal. Her objection is connected to "global warming. Many of the glaciers on the Teesta basin have retreated. The importance of the flow and the seasonal variation of this river is felt during the lean season (from October to April/May) as the average flow is about 500 million cubic metres (MCM) per month. The CM opposed an arrangement in 2011, by which India would get 42.5% and Bangladesh 37.5% of the water during the lean season, and the plan was shelved. Why does it matter? India witnessed a surge in the insurgency in the northeast during the rule of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) from 2001 to 2005. Bangladesh allegedly sheltered insurgents engaged in anti-India activities, and nearly all the Home Ministry-level talks ended without agreement, and India had to increase the security budget for the northeast. In a couple of years of assuming office in 2008, the Awami League targeted insurgent camps and handed over the rebels to India. As India's security establishment heaved a sigh of relief, the relationship improved on multiple fronts. 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

Enhancing the Indo-Bangladesh cooperation The article highlights the areas of cooperations and issues between the India and Bangladesh as it celebrates the golden jubilee of its independence from Pakistan. New era of cooperation In the last decade, India-Bangladesh relations have warmed up, entering a new era of cooperation. These ties have moved beyond historical and cultural ties to become more assimilated in the areas of trade, connectivity, energy, and defence. Bangladesh and India have achieved the rare feat of solving their border issues peacefully by ratifying the historic Land Boundary Agreement in 2015. The Bangladesh government led by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has uprooted anti-India insurgency elements from its borders. Bilateral trade and tourism Bangladesh today is India's biggest trading partner in South Asia with exports to Bangladesh in FY 2018-19 at $9.21 billion and imports at $1.04 billion. India has offered duty free access to multiple Bangladeshi products. While India has given duty-free access to a number of Bangladeshi goods, its physical enormity precludes circumstances that could have Bangladesh enhance the quantum of exports. Trade could be more balanced if non-tariff barriers from the Indian side could be removed. Bangladeshis make up a large portion of tourists in India with one in every five tourists being a Bangladeshi. Bangladesh accounts for more than 35% of India's international medical patients and contributes more than 50% of India's revenue from medical tourism. Cooperation on development India extended three lines of credit to Bangladesh in recent years amounting to $8 billion for the construction of roads, railways, bridges, and ports. However, in eight years until 2019, only 51% of the first $800 million line of credit has been utilised. Barely any amount from the next two lines of credit worth $6.5 billion has been mobilised. This has been mostly due to red-tapism from India's end, and slow project implementation on Bangladesh's end. Connectivity Connectivity between the two countries has greatly improved. A direct bus service between Kolkata and Agartala runs a route distance of 500 km, as compared to the 1,650 km if it ran through the Chicken's Neck to remain within India. There are three passenger and freight railway services running between the two countries, with two more routes on their way to be restored. The inauguration of the Chilahati-Haldibari railway link has been a significant move in enhancing connectivity between the countries. Recently, a 1.9 kilometre long bridge, the Maitri Setu, was inaugurated connecting Sabroom in India with Ramgarh in Bangladesh. Bangladesh allows the shipment of goods from its various ports. This allows landlocked Assam, Meghalaya and Tripura to access open water routes through the Chattogram and Mongla ports. Issues Despite the remarkable progress, the unresolved Teesta water sharing issue looms large. While smuggling needs to be dealt with firmly, it is not acceptable for Bangladeshis that rather than apprehending people trying to make an illegal entry into India, the BSF has been shooting them. Indiangovernment's proposal to implement the National Register of Citizens across the whole of India reflects poorly on India-Bangladesh relations. Way forward India-Bangladesh relations have been gaining positive momentum over the last decade. As the larger country, the onus is on India to be generous enough to let the water flow and ensure that people are not killed on the border for cattle. Consider the question "As Bangladesh celebrates the golden jubilee of its independence, it is also time for celebrating the enduring Indo-Bangladesh ties despite hiccups that have sometimes disturbed the waters. In light of this, examine the areas of cooperation and issues between the two countries." Conclusion To make the recent gains irreversible, both countries need to continue working on the three Cs cooperation, collaboration, and consolidation 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

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Enhancing the Indo-Bangladesh cooperation The article highlights the areas of cooperations and issues between the India and Bangladesh as it celebrates the golden jubilee of its independence from Pakistan. New era of cooperation In the last decade, India-Bangladesh relations have warmed up, entering a new era of cooperation. These ties have moved beyond historical and cultural ties to become more assimilated in the areas of trade, connectivity, energy, and defence. Bangladesh and India have achieved the rare feat of solving their border issues peacefully by ratifying the historic Land Boundary Agreement in 2015. The Bangladesh government led by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has uprooted anti-India insurgency elements from its borders. Bilateral trade and tourism Bangladesh today is India's biggest trading partner in South Asia with exports to Bangladesh in FY 2018-19 at $9.21 billion and imports at $1.04 billion. India has offered duty free access to multiple Bangladeshi products. While India has given duty-free access to a number of Bangladeshi goods, its physical enormity precludes circumstances that could have Bangladesh enhance the quantum of exports. Trade could be more balanced if non-tariff barriers from the Indian side could be removed. Bangladeshis make up a large portion of tourists in India with one in every five tourists being a Bangladeshi. Bangladesh accounts for more than 35% of India's international medical patients and contributes more than 50% of India's revenue from medical tourism. Cooperation on development India extended three lines of credit to Bangladesh in recent years amounting to $8 billion for the construction of roads, railways, bridges, and ports. However, in eight years until 2019, only 51% of the first $800 million line of credit has been utilised. Barely any amount from the next two lines of credit worth $6.5 billion has been mobilised. This has been mostly due to red-tapism from India's end, and slow project implementation on Bangladesh's end. Connectivity Connectivity between the two countries has greatly improved. A direct bus service between Kolkata and Agartala runs a route distance of 500 km, as compared to the 1,650 km if it ran through the Chicken's Neck to remain within India. There are three passenger and freight railway services running between the two countries, with two more routes on their way to be restored. The inauguration of the Chilahati-Haldibari railway link has been a significant move in enhancing connectivity between the countries. Recently, a 1.9 kilometre long bridge, the Maitri Setu, was inaugurated connecting Sabroom in India with Ramgarh in Bangladesh. Bangladesh allows the shipment of goods from its various ports. This allows landlocked Assam, Meghalaya and Tripura to access open water routes through the Chattogram and Mongla ports. Issues Despite the remarkable progress, the unresolved Teesta water sharing issue looms large. While smuggling needs to be dealt with firmly, it is not acceptable for Bangladeshis that rather than apprehending people trying to make an illegal entry into India, the BSF has been shooting them. Indiangovernment's proposal to implement the National Register of Citizens across the whole of India reflects poorly on India-Bangladesh relations. Way forward India-Bangladesh relations have been gaining positive momentum over the last decade. As the larger country, the onus is on India to be generous enough to let the water flow and ensure that people are not killed on the border for cattle. Consider the question "As Bangladesh celebrates the golden jubilee of its independence, it is also time for celebrating the enduring Indo-Bangladesh ties despite hiccups that have sometimes disturbed the waters. In light of this, examine the areas of cooperation and issues between the two countries." Conclusion To make the recent gains irreversible, both countries need to continue working on the three Cs cooperation, collaboration, and consolidation 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁

Central Scrutiny Centre (CSC); IEPFA Mobile App Part of: GS Prelims and GS – III – Economy In news Central Scrutiny Centre (CSC) and Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority’s (IEPFA) Mobile App were launched recently. Ministry: Ministry for Corporate Affairs (MCA) Important value additions Central Scrutiny Centre (CSC) To ensure that the data quality is uncompromised and free from flaws, CSC was launched. CSC will scrutinize certain Straight Through Process (STP) Forms filed by the corporates on the MCA21 registry and flag the companies for more in-depth scrutiny. Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority’s (IEPFA) Mobile App Aim: Achieving the goal of financial literacy, spreading investors’ awareness, education, and protection among investors. It will have the facility of tracking the status and progress of the IEPF claim refund process. It also provides a mechanism for investors and common citizens to report on the suspected fraudulent schemes 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

Launch of Climate Data Service Portal Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III – Environment In news Climate Data Services Portal of India Meteorological Department (IMD) was inaugurated on World Meteorological Day Ministry: Ministry of Earth Science Key takeaways Developed by: IMD, Pune It has user-friendly platforms for climate data management and supply to the users It complements fully automated climate data management process The major components: Real-Time monitoring of weather observations recorded by IMD Observatories. Encapsulated IMD Metadata Portal, other reports and dashboards Online access to meteorological data through Data Supply Portal. Free download facility for Gridded Temperature and Rainfall Data of India. Climatological Tables, Extremes and Normal. Information on Monsoon Rainfall and Cyclone frequencies. Data analytics and info graphics 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

Next CJI recommended Part of: GS Prelims and GS – II – Judiciary In news Present Chief Justice of India has recommended Justice N.V. Ramana, the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court, as the next CJI Key takeaways Justice Ramana is now set to take over as the 48th CJI rom April 24. He will be the CJI till August 26, 2022. Important value additions Appointment of CJI Article 124: Manner of appointing judges to the SC. But there is no specific provision in the Constitution for appointing the Chief Justice. CJI should be the senior most judge of the SC. Law Minister has to seek recommendation of the outgoing CJI for appointment of new CJI at an appropriate time. Article 124(2): Consultation with other Judges to be made In case of doubt about the fitness of the senior-most Judge to hold office of CJI. Law Minister then puts up recommendation to Prime Minister (PM) who will advise the President on appointment. Seniority at the apex court is determined not by age, but by the date a judge was appointed to the SC. If two judges are elevated to the Supreme Court on the same day, (1) the one who was sworn in first as a judge would trump another; (2) if both were sworn in as judges on the same day, the one with more years of high court service would ‘win’ in the seniority stakes; (3) an appointment from the bench would ‘trump’ in seniority an appointee from the bar. Tenure: Once appointed, the CJI remains in office until the age of 65 years. Article 124(4): A SC Judge including CJI can be moved only through a process of impeachment by Parliament 🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁 Join >> @dailynewscom

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