Samajho Learning UPSC IAS

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+ Geological features of Peninsular block of India: ▪️The Peninsular plateau is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. It was formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwana land and thus, making it a part of the oldest landmass. The plateau has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills. ▪️The Karbi Anglong and the Meghalaya Plateau in the northeast are extensions of the Peninsular block. Hence statement 1 is not correct. ▪️The Peninsular block is formed essentially by a great complex of very ancient gneisses and granites. Hence statement 2 is not correct. This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course. Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20 All PDF available on the Samajho app. Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1 Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

Q. With reference to geological features of India, consider the following statements: 1. The Karbi Anglong and the Meghalaya Plateau in the northeast are extensions of the Himalayan orogeny. 2. The Himalayas are formed essentially by a great complex of very ancient gneisses and granites.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+ The Pensilungpa Glacier: ▪️The Pensilungpa Glacier located in Ladakh’s Zanskar Valley is retreating due to increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation during winters, a recent study has found. ▪️Since 2015, the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology (WIHG) at Dehradun, an autonomous body under the Department of Science and Technology, has been working on various aspects on glaciology. ▪️A team of scientists from the institute ventured to study the less explored region of the Himalayas at Zanskar in Ladakh. ▪️Zanskar is a mountain range in the union territory of Ladakh that separates Zanskar from Ladakh itself. ▪️Geologically, the Zanskar Range is part of the Tethys Himalaya, an approximately 100-km-wide synclinorium formed by strongly folded and imbricated, weakly metamorphosed sedimentary series. This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course. Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20 All PDF available on the Samajho app. Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1 Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+ ▪️Following the 1857 Rebellion, the East India Company's rule in India came to an end. ▪️Statement 1 is correct. Queen Victoria's Proclamation of 1 November 1858 declared that thereafter India would be governed by and in the name of the British crown through a Secretary of State. ▪️As per the Queen’s proclamation, the era of annexations and expansion had ended and the British promised to respect the dignity and rights of the native princes. The Indian states were henceforth to recognize the paramountcy of the British Crown and were to be treated as parts of a single charge It was by this proclamation that the governor-general acquired the additional title of ‘Viceroy. ▪️Statement 2 is correct. Queen Victoria's Proclamation of 1 November 1858 declared that thereafter India would be governed by and in the name of the British crown through a Secretary of State. ▪️ It declared Queen Victoria as the sovereign of British India and provided for the appointment of a Secretary of State for India (a member of the British cabinet) . The direct responsibility for the administration of the country was assumed by the British Crown and Company rule was abolished. ▪️Statement 3 is incorrect. It did not provide for the regulation of East India Company’s trade with India. The proclamation also promised equal and impartial protection under law to all Indians, besides equal opportunities in government services irrespective of race or creed. It was also promised that old Indian rights, customs and practices would be given due regard while framing and administering the law. The people of India were promised freedom of religion without interference from British officials This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course. Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20 All PDF available on the Samajho app. Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1 Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

Q. What were the objectives of the Queen Victoria’s Proclamation (1858)? 1. To disclaim any intention to annex the Indian States. 2. To place the Indian administration under the British Crown. 3. To regulate East India Company’s trade with India.

Q. What were the objectives of the Queen Victoria’s Proclamation (1858)? 1. To disclaim any intention to annex the Indian States. 2. To place the Indian administration under the British Crown. 3. To regulate East India Company’s trade with India.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+ ▪️The MCC is a set of guidelines issued by the Election Commission to regulate political parties and candidates prior to elections. ▪️It helps EC in keeping with the mandate it has been given under Article 324 of the Constitution, which gives it the power to supervise and conduct free and fair elections to the Parliament and State Legislatures. ▪️Statement 1 is correct. The origins of the MCC lie in the Assembly elections of Kerala in 1960, when the State administration prepared a ‘Code of Conduct’ for political actors. ▪️Subsequently, in the Lok Sabha elections in 1962, the ECI circulated the code to all recognized political parties and State governments and it was wholeheartedly followed. ▪️The Election Commission first effectively put to use the Model Code of Conduct in the year 1991 to ensure fair elections and a level playing field. It was in 1991 after repeated flouting of the eligibility norms and continued corruption, the EC decided to enforce the MCC more strictly. ▪️Although the MCC is not legally binding on political parties, the ECI has the authority to punish candidates for its violation. For example, some politicians and Ministers were barred from political rallies for a specified period during the 2019 Lok Sabha general elections. ▪️Statement 2 is incorrect. MCC is not legally binding. It is essentially “voluntary” and is not backed by any law. This is the reason that sometimes it is called “Moral Code of Conduct” also. Though MCC does not have any statutory backing, it has come to acquire strength in the past decades because of its strict enforcement by the EC. ▪️Statement 3 is incorrect. The MCC is operational from the date on which the election schedule is announced by Election commission and lasts until the date of result announcement. This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course. Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20 All PDF available on the Samajho app. Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1 Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

Q. Consider the following statements regarding the Model code of conduct (MCC) in India: 1. The origins of the MCC lie in the Assembly elections of Kerala in 1960. 2. MCC is legally binding on all political parties contesting elections. 3. The MCC is operational only between the date on which the voting to the election is conducted and the date on which the results are declared.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+ ▪️Statement 1 is correct. The fifth Schedule provides for the establishment of a Tribes Advisory Council (TAC) in each state having scheduled areas. It shall be the duty of the Tribes Advisory Council to advise on such matters pertaining to the welfare and advancement of the Scheduled Tribes in the State as may be referred to them by the Governor. ▪️Statement 2 is incorrect. The Tribes Advisory Council is to consist of 20 members, three-fourths (and not two-thirds) of whom are to be the representatives of the scheduled tribes in the state legislative assembly. If the number of representatives of the STs in the Legislative Assembly of the State is less than the number of seats in the TAC to be filled by such representatives, the remaining seats shall be filled by other members of those Tribes. ▪️Statement 3 is incorrect. The President (and not the Governor) can establish a TAC in a State having Scheduled tribes but not Scheduled Areas therein. The TAC established will consist of not more than twenty members of whom, three-fourths shall be the representatives of the Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assembly of the State. ▪️Statement 4 is incorrect. The Governor (and not the President) may make rules prescribing or regulating the number of members of the Council, the mode of their appointment and the appointment of the Chairman of the Council and of the officers and servants thereof, the conduct of its meetings and its procedure in general; and all other incidental matters. This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course. Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20 All PDF available on the Samajho app. Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1 Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

Q. With reference to the Tribes Advisory Council, consider the following statements: 1. They can be established in all states having scheduled areas. 2. At most two-thirds of the members of the council are to be the representatives of the scheduled tribes in the state legislative assembly. 3. The Governor can direct the establishment of the council in any state having Scheduled Tribes. 4. The President makes rules regarding the number of members of the council and mode of their appointment.