سـجـى سـلامـه

Load reflex ⬇️ Maintains limb position against increasing load يعني يخلي الجسم ف وضعية ثابتة مهما زاد الحِمل

Decreased/Absent Reflexes (Hyporeflexia)⬇️ LMNL Hypothyroidism Sleep

Increased Reflexes (Hyperreflexia) ⬇️ UMNL Hyperthyroidism Nervousness

Tendon Jerks (Dynamic Stretch Reflex) ⬇️ Sudden brief contraction of skeletal muscle after tendon tapping.

Functions of Muscle Tone ⬇️ Maintains posture against gravity Helps venous return Helps regulate body temperature Keeps viscera in position Background for accurate voluntary movement

Decreased Tone (Hypotonia) ⬇️ LMNL Neocerebellar syndrome

Increased Tone (Hypertonia) ⬇️ UMNL → Clasp-knife spasticity Parkinsonism → Lead-pipe rigidity

Muscle Tone (Static Stretch Reflex) ➡️ Mild maintained reflex contraction of skeletal muscle during rest.

About 30% of motor fibers are gamma fibers. Gamma neurons do not produce main muscle movement directly. Main role of gamma = maintain muscle spindle sensitivity.

motor ⬇️