اکنون در دسترس! پژوهش تلگرام ۲۰۲۵ — مهمترین بینشهای سال 
Internal medicine hub
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آرشیو پست ها
Which one of the following initial intravenous antibiotic regimens is most appropriate for a community-dwelling older patient with post-influenza pneumonia?
Which of the following pathogen most likely to contribute to pulmonary symptoms in a 20y woman with CF ?
RTA summary:
1- type I RTA:
◦ Severe
◦ hypo-K
◦ Urine pH >5.3
◦ association: Sjogren, RA, stone & amphecitamine
2- Type II RTA:
◦ hypo-K
◦ -ve UAG
◦ association: Fanconi syndrome, MM, amylodiosis, renal transplant
3- Type IV RTA:
◦ Hypoaldestrinism (ttt Fludrocortisone)
◦ hyper-K
◦ association: Diabetic nephropathy, ACE inhibitors, heparin
Part Q:
Patient woth nephritic syndrome and HCV, what is the most common likely diagnosis?
📍 nephrology tips:
Causes of Nephritic disease with low complement:
- SLE: low C3-4
- Cryoglobulinemia: low C3-4
- PSGN: low C3
- Endocarditis: low C3
Which of the below patients meets the criteria for an acute kidney injury?
📍Nephrology tips:
Diagnostic criteria of acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury is defined as the presence of any of the following criteria:
- Decrease in urine output to < 0.5 mL/kg/hour for ≥ 6 hours.
- Increase in serum creatinine by ≥ 0.3 mg/dL (26.5 μmol/L) within 48 hours.
- Increase in serum creatinine to ≥ 1.5 times baseline level within 7 days.
Part Q:
A middle aged lady presents with hemoptysis. Investigation showed elevated kidney function with positive blood and protein in urine. Renal biopsy showed linear deposition. What is the likely diagnosis?
Part Q:
Patient developed sore throat then developed GN.
What is the type of immune reaction?
Part Q:
45-year-old male patient with history of smoking for a long time came to you asking for screening for
lung CA. he is asymptomatic. What is the next step?
Part Q:
A 45-year-old male with HIV presented with dysphagia and odynophagia, on examination he has oral thrush, vitally stable, he has a hx of CMV retinitis treated with Ganciclovir.
What is the next step:
