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پستهای کانال
Cardiff Pact and UK Federal Challenge:
➡️Political leaders from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in Cardiff, calling for constitutional change and asserting the principle of self-determination for their nations.
➡️The MoU demands that the British government prepare for, plan, and facilitate constitutional change, stating that "Westminster's time is coming to an end" and that it has no right to block democratic mandates.
➡️United Kingdom(UK) consists of England,Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland.
➡️A major driver uniting these devolved nations is a shared consensus that their economic and political future belongs within the European Union (EU) - a direct rebuttal to the UK-wide Brexit mandate.
#Prelims
Article link 🔗
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-global/uk-independence-referendum-scotland-wales-northern-ireland-10879199/lite/
| 2 | @iasexamcongress announces
Thematic Test Series (TTS-2027) for CSE Prelims 2027.
A full length tests (FLTs) only test series.
A total of 10 FLTs starting 14th October 2026. (Video discussions and detailed solutions)
Registrations to commence this October 2, 2026.
Pre-buy at a discounted cost of ₹3000/- (after ₹500 discount)
Contact @Shunyashashvata | 386 |
| 3 | Article on Prof C Raja Mohan on recent BRICS Summit and Changing world order:
➡️Institutions such as BRICS, APEC, G7, the EU, and NATO do not determine the global order; their parameters and room for maneuver are fundamentally circumscribed by great-power politics.
➡️Major multilateral summits rarely yield significant collective institutional breakthroughs; their primary functional value lies in hosting critical bilateral engagements (e.g., the Modi–Xi border reset discussions in Delhi).
➡️Hegemonic Concentration in BRICS(Chinese Preponderance in BRICS) and the G7(American Dominance within the G7).
➡️Currently only Washington and Beijing possess the structural scale to set global technological standards, manipulate supply chains, and shape international trade rules.
➡️Despite ongoing economic shrinkage, Moscow’s geographic reach, nuclear capabilities, and diplomatic weight give it considerable systemic leverage.
➡️India’s foreign policy establishment remains fixated on multipolarity, whereas systemic reality is moving closer to an intensified great-power duopoly (G2) or triarchy (G3).
➡️Indian should calibrate it’s foreign policy around the shifting distribution of material power and realignments among Washington, Beijing, and Moscow.
Article link 🔗
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/c-raja-mohan-india-brics-us-russia-china-modi-xi-trump-10878833/ | 800 |
| 4 |  بدون متن... | 709 |
| 5 | Article on BRICS News Development Bank(NDB):
➡️Established by the BRICS countries in 2015 to “mobilise resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS and other emerging markets and developing countries”.
➡️Yet, despite a decade in operation, the NDB has approved only 139 projects worth about $43 billion, distributed mostly among its core members.
➡️Its like-for-like counterpart, the AIIB has meanwhile gathered 111 approved members and committed about $69 billion across 350 projects, backed by a AAA credit
➡️India should push for the long-delayed rupee bond and focus on practical local-currency measures, while using the NDB to extend development finance to more emerging markets and developing countries.
Important Keyword from Article:
"Subscription multilateralism" is a critical geopolitical concept describing a fragmented global order where powerful nations treat international cooperation like a transaction or a subscription service: they pay into, support, and follow the rules of specific groupings only when it directly serves their immediate strategic interests.
It is also called à la carte Multilateralism. | 870 |
| 6 |  بدون متن... | 731 |
| 7 |  Article by Kanti Bajpai on India-China Relations:
➡️India and China have arrived at a 'Nash equilibrium' in their relations with each other.
➡️A Nash equilibrium is a stable state in a game involving two or more players where no player has an incentive to change their chosen strategy, assuming that every other player keeps their strategy unchanged.
➡️Decades of diplomatic sparring and intermittent skirmishes since 2013 demonstrate that Himalayan friction yields only inconsequential tactical alterations to the status quo.
➡️The present stability has several vulnerabilities: Tibet and the Dalai Lama succession and Possibility of a two-front security challenge.
➡️Low-politics normalisation (visas, supply chain resilience, bilateral trade, transboundary river data) remains insufficient to insulate bilateral ties from systemic shock vectors or guarantee peace.
Article 🔗
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/india-china-xi-jinping-narendra-modi-brics-delhi-10876106/lite/ | 750 |
| 8 |  An apt representation of India's multi-alignment and omnidirectional foreign policy
Benefits:
1.Maximization of Strategic Autonomy, prevents entrapment
2.Geopolitical Hedging and Maneuvering Space
3.Diplomatic Bridging and Agenda Setting: Acts as bridge btw Global North and South
4.Minilateral Agility & Issue-Based Coalitions
5.Risk Diversification in Trade & Defence
Drawbacks:
1.The Credibility Deficit and Suspicion
2.Strategic Fence-Sitting Label
3.Risk of Abandonment in Crises
4.Institutional Paralysis & Diluted Focus: No tangible achivements | 5 984 |
| 9 |  +2Multiple Articles on BRICS:
All the Major Points are highlighted, major pointers are around:
Shift from G7 to BRICS
Macroeconomic Asymetry
Rising Intra BRICS Trade
Voice of Global South
Success of NDB
Non Operational CRA
Efforts for De-Dollarisation
Trade in local Currency
BRICS Pay System
Non West vs Anti West
Erosion of Consensus
Selective Revisionism
Key Scholarly view points around BRICS:
➡️ Economist Surji Bhalla: "Forget BRICS, Look West", Asserts India's domestic target (Viksit Bharat) necessitates Western technology and bilateral free trade agreements with the US and Europe.
➡️ Prof Sreeram Chaulia: Promotes a "more policies, less politics" doctrine, advocating that India bypass deadlocked high-politics conflicts (e.g., Iran–UAE or US–China frictions) by focusing on pragmatic low-politics deliverables. | 4 109 |
| 10 | Article by Prof C Raja Mohan on the changing dynamic between America, China and Russia and the impact of a potential 'G-3' on the BRICS:
Institutional Incoherence within BRICS:
➡️Functionalism vs. High Politics: BRICS manages low-stakes functional cooperation (agriculture, digital infrastructure, health), but falters on structural geopolitical crises.
➡️Expansion Dilemmas: Widening membership has eroded internal cohesion, illustrated by acute intra-bloc rifts between Tehran and Abu Dhabi over maritime security and regional conflict.
➡️Contradictory Alignments: While positioning as an anti-hegemonic forum countering American dominance, core drivers Moscow and Beijing simultaneously seek bilateral accommodation with Washington.
Emergence of a Trilateral Great-Power Concert (The "G3"):
➡️Triangular Diplomacy: The US, China, and Russia are probing a potential "G3" dynamic, reminiscent of the post-1945 Yalta system and great-power concert models.
➡️Leader-Driven Accommodation: Transactional engagement seeks strategic grand bargains, causing friction with traditional US alliances in Europe and Asia.
➡️Beijing's Dual Positioning: China postures simultaneously as a vanguard of the Global South and a co-equal manager of the international order with Washington.
Strategic Reorientation and Realpolitik for New Delhi:
➡️De-linking Multipolarity from Anti-Westernism: Strategic realism requires decoupling authentic multipolarity from reflexive anti-American bloc politics, mirroring Beijing and Moscow's pragmatic leverage-seeking.
➡️Internal and External Balancing: India must build internal material capabilities while diversifying through minilateralism and bilateral partnerships across the Anglosphere, Europe, and non-G3 middle powers.
Article link 🔗
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/a-potential-trump-xi-putin-summit-is-casting-a-shadow-over-brics-10868350/ | 4 910 |
| 11 |  بدون متن... | 3 723 |
| 12 | https://youtu.be/ZGrgOUg_6sM?si=5xCI6qmG-lHNxxeN | 1 956 |
| 13 |  Shashi Tharoor proposed creating a dedicated, transparent tripartite mechanism involving India, China, and Nepal to jointly manage their shared Himalayan ecosystem and combat climate threats.
Article link 🔗
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/nepal-climate-china-india-floods-10860057/ | 1 854 |
| 14 |  PM Modi's visit to Central Asian Countries:
1.Ancient linkages rooted in the Kushana era and shared Buddhist heritage
2.Soft Power: Enduring linguistic affinities
3.Part of the Extended Neighbourhood
4.Connect Central Asia Policy(2012)
5.Imp for Countering China's Regional Hegemony
6.Threat of Radicalization and extremist outfits after taliban takeover
7.Geo Economic Significance : Mineral resources
8.Lack of Connectivity , relying on INSTC and Chabahar
9.Utilizing platforms like the SCO
Article link 🔗
https://indianexpress.com/article/india/pm-narendra-modi-flags-shared-vision-in-tashkent-trade-and-culture-to-energy-defence-10855121/ | 2 290 |
| 15 | https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indias-central-asia-strategy-needs-less-romance-more-realism-10849030/ | 2 542 |
| 16 | Example of India's De-Hyphenation ,balancing ties with both Israel and Palestine. https://www.wionews.com/world/india-begins-200-bed-super-speciality-hospital-palestine-west-bank-1787160443166 | 3 072 |
| 17 | Views of Prof Raja Mohan
➡️ Hedging against Great Power Unreliability: The pact is an effort to signal options amidst perceived US volatility rather than a complete break from the US security umbrella.
➡️ History shows regional pan-Arab/pan-Islamic blocs (GCC, Arab League, CENTO, UAR) struggle to become functional military security frameworks due to national interest divergences
➡️ Delhi should move past historical reluctance ("renunciation as a virtue") and leverage its growing military diplomacy and force projection capabilities to offer viable defense partnerships in West Asia.
Views of Sashi Tharoor:
➡️ Premature "Islamic NATO" Label: Lacks an integrated military HQ, unified command, pre-assigned forces, or institutionalized doctrine required for a true collective defense alliance.
➡️ Unprovoked Aggression vs. Counter-Terrorism: Article 5-style provisions under international law apply to unprovoked external aggression. Targeted Indian retaliatory strikes against cross-border terror infrastructure do not qualify as unprovoked aggression, making Saudi/Turkish intervention highly unlikely.
➡️ The actual challenge for India isn't troop deployment, but the transfer of advanced military tech to Pakistan
➡️ Policy Recommendations for India: Quiet Diplomacy, De-bureaucratize Defense Procurement , Deepen Bilateral Ties with Gulf Partners. | 3 028 |
| 18 |  +1Articles on Mecca Pact by Prof C Raja Mohan and Sashi Tharoor
Article link 🔗
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/c-raja-mohan-writes-mecca-accord-arab-saudi-turkey-pakistan-10827784/
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/shashi-tharoor-india-response-to-mecca-pact-saudi-pakistan-turkey-10829797/ | 2 132 |
| 19 | IR Important topics for Mains 2026:
1.India and it’s neighbourhood - neighbourhood 1st policy, recent events in Bangladesh,Nepal, China Angle.
2.Impact of US-Iran war on India, India’s Position , Energy Security
3.Indo Pacific - recent visit of PM to Oceania Countries, US renaming Indo-Pacific Command Name, QUAD.
4.India-US Relations - Impact of tariffs,defence relationship.
5.Rise of G2 US-China, Trump's Visit to China, Impact on India.
6.Important Groupings - BRICS, SCO , India-ASEAN Relations.
7.Weakening Multilateralism - UN , US Withdrawal, China’s Increasing Role, India’s role.
8.India-EU/Europe - FTA Signed, PM Visit ,EU-India relations gained new vigour.
9.WTO- 14th MC, Issues in WTO , Solutions, India’s role.
10.India’s Diaspora - Changing remittances pattern , role of diaspora.
11.India as Voice of Global South - Steps taken , Challenges etc.
12.India Japan Relations - Recent Visit of Japanese PM Sanae Taekechi.
13.India Australia Relations - Evolution, role of diaspora, Indo Pacific Partnership.
@iasexamcongress | 2 282 |
| 20 |  Peacock Diplomacy:
A form of soft power and cultural/animal diplomacy where India uses its national bird, the Indian Peacock (Pavo cristatus), as a living diplomatic gift to foster goodwill and strengthen global ties.
Comparable to China's Panda Diplomacy and Australia's Koala Diplomacy. | 1 869 |
