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𝑀𝑢ℎ𝑎𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑀𝑖𝑟𝑧𝑜 🎓📈

𝑀𝑢ℎ𝑎𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑀𝑖𝑟𝑧𝑜 🎓📈

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Impuls Medical Instituti haqida - Yangiliklar - Videodarsliklar - Foydali malumotlar Self-Stufy: t.me/Muh1mmadmirzo Kitoblar: https://t.me/Mirzo_Books_Print Muhokama& S/J : t.me/+2_aiE7u1JNMyM2Zi Taklif va savollar uchun: @manager_muhammadmirzo

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Grant imtixoni natijalari
Grant imtixoni natijalari

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Barchaga hayrli kech! Natijalar alo darajada boʻldi degan umiddaman. Qanday taassurotlar va qiyinchiliklar kuzatildi 😉 Natijalaringizni izohlarda boʻlishing👇
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Bugun boʻlib oʻtadigan grand imtixoniga barcha 3-kurs talabalariga omad tilayman 🙌😎 | MUHAMMADMIRZO
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Vanihoyat 1-blok vaziyatli masala larni yakunladim) 40-vaziyatli masalani uqib chiqib javob berish uchun 1 soat 13 minut vaqtdi
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Vanihoyat 1-blok vaziyatli masala larni yakunladim)
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#40 A 24-year-old man comes to the clinic due to 2 days of painful blisters on the shaft of his penis. The patient has had 5 lifetime sexual partners and has recently been sexually active with a woman. He uses condoms inconsistently. Examination shows multiple vesicular lesions on the penis. Tzanck smear is positive for multinucleated giant cells. HIV testing is negative. The patient has had 4 similar episodes over the past 2 years but has been too embarrassed to seek medical care until now. Which of the following treatments would most likely have prevented this patient's recurrent symptoms?​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌ A. Daily valacyclovir continued indefinitely B. Immunoglobulin during the first episode C. Lamivudine with recurrence of blisters D. Regular condom use after the first episode E. Weeklong course of acyclovir during the first episode
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#39 A 35-year-old man comes to the emergency department due to urinary urgency, a burning sensation on urination, and urethral discharge.  The patient had similar symptoms 3 months ago, and urethral swab microscopy showed numerous neutrophils and intracellular gram-negative diplococci.  The symptoms resolved after treatment with ceftriaxone and doxycycline but recurred 4 days ago.  The patient was advised to use condoms but has had unprotected sexual encounters recently.  He has no other medical conditions.  The patient occasionally drinks alcohol and smokes cigarettes.  Temperature is 37.1 C (98.8 F).  BMI is 18.8 kg/m2.  No suprapubic or flank tenderness is present.  Mild erythema is noted at the urethral meatus.  Nucleic acid amplification testing of a clean catch urine specimen is positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and negative for Chlamydia trachomatis.  Which of the following is the most likely reason for the recurrence of infection in this patient?​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​​‌ A. Absence of memory T cells B. Decreased antibody production due to malnutrition C. High variability of microbial antigenic structure D. Poor antigen recognition due to antigenic mimicry E. Resistance to antimicrobial agents
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#38 A 6-hour-old boy is evaluated in the newborn nursery due to temperature instability, grunting, and lethargy.  The patient was born at full term to a 21-year-old woman who came to the emergency department in active labor with ruptured membranes; she had not received adequate prenatal care.  On physical examination, the boy is hypothermic, tachycardic, and tachypneic, and he has mottled skin.  Blood samples are obtained, and empiric antibiotics are initiated for the treatment of sepsis.  Cultures on blood agar grow bacterial colonies with a narrow zone of clear hemolysis.  When these bacteria are grown in the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, the zone of hemolysis is enhanced around the staphylococcal colonies.  Which of the following is the most likely pathogen infecting this patient?​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​​​‌ A. Escherichia coli​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​​​‌ B. Enterococcus faecalis​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​​​‌ C. Staphylococcus epidermidis​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​​​‌ D. Streptococcus agalactiae​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​​​‌ E. Streptococcus pneumoniae​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​​​‌
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#37 A 73-year-old woman comes to the physician complaining of progressive, severe pain and discharge from her left ear for the past 2 days. She has had type 2 diabetes for many years and has been noncompliant with her medications and follow-up appointments. On examination, moving or touching the pinna produces extreme pain. Otoscopic examination shows granulation tissue in the left ear canal with a scant amount of discharge. The tympanic membrane is clear, and there is no middle ear effusion. Initial cultures from the ear show a Gram-negative rod. Which of the following microbiological characteristics best describes the infecting organism?​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌​​​​​​‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌ A. Comma-shaped and grows well in high pH B. Fast lactose fermenter C. Motile and oxidase positive D. Nonmotile and a lactose nonfermenter E. Requires factors V and X for growth
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#36 A 24-year-old woman comes to the emergency department due to fevers and chills over the last 24 hours. Three weeks ago, she underwent a partial bowel resection for Crohn disease without complications. Since the surgery, the patient has had difficulty eating and has a peripherally inserted central venous catheter in place through which she is receiving parenteral nutrition. Her temperature is 38.2 C (101 F), blood pressure is 100/60 mm Hg, and pulse is 114/min. The surgical wound healed well, and her abdomen is soft and nontender. The catheter site on the left arm is mildly tender but shows no erythema. Chest x-ray reveals a properly positioned central venous line and is otherwise unremarkable. Admission blood cultures subsequently return positive for yeast. The organism responsible for this patient's bloodstream infection is most likely to exhibit which of the following characteristics?​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌​​​​​​​​‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​​​​‌​​​‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌ A. Broad-based budding morphology B. Endemic to southwestern United States C. Positive India ink stain D. Pseudohyphae with blastoconidia E. Right-angle branching hyphae
157
11
A. Aspergillus fumigatus​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ B. Blastomyces dermatitidis​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ C. Candida albicans​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ D. Coccidioides immitis​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ E. Cryptococcus neoformans​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ F. Histoplasma capsulatum​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ G. Malassezia furfur​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ H. Microsporum canis​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ I. Rhizopus​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​ species J. Sporothrix schenckii​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌
144
12
#35 A 47-year-old man comes to the office due to persistent fever, night sweats, and fatigue. Thorough evaluation yields a di
#35 A 47-year-old man comes to the office due to persistent fever, night sweats, and fatigue. Thorough evaluation yields a diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia. While undergoing treatment for his malignancy, the patient experiences headaches, scant nasal discharge, and left eye symptoms. Physical examination reveals tenderness over the paranasal sinuses and left-sided orbital swelling and cellulitis. Mild proptosis and ptosis of the left eye are also present. Biopsy of the sinus mucosa is shown in the image below: Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's condition?​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌
142
13
A. Bat guano environmental exposure (11%) B. Contact with soil and plant materials (78%) C. Exposure to seawater (3%) D. Prolonged antibiotic use (5%) E. Recent flea bite(3%)
90
14
#34 A 46-year-old man comes to the office due to skin lesions on his left hand and arm that developed over the past several d
#34 A 46-year-old man comes to the office due to skin lesions on his left hand and arm that developed over the past several days. He first noticed a small papule on his left hand that has increased in size. Additional nodules then appeared proximally on his arm. The lesions are not particularly painful. The patient has never had similar symptoms. He has had no fever and otherwise feels fine. He has no significant medical history, takes no medications, and has no allergies. Temperature is 37.1 C (98.8 F). The lesions are shown in the image below. Fluid aspirated from a lesion is examined microscopically, and several elongated yeast cells with narrow-based buds are visualized. Which of the following risk factors is most likely a component of this patient's history?​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​‌
125
15
#34A 46-year-old man comes to the office due to skin lesions on his left hand and arm that developed over the past several da
#34A 46-year-old man comes to the office due to skin lesions on his left hand and arm that developed over the past several days. He first noticed a small papule on his left hand that has increased in size. Additional nodules then appeared proximally on his arm. The lesions are not particularly painful. The patient has never had similar symptoms. He has had no fever and otherwise feels fine. He has no significant medical history, takes no medications, and has no allergies. Temperature is 37.1 C (98.8 F). The lesions are shown in the image below. Fluid aspirated from a lesion is examined microscopically, and several elongated yeast cells with narrow-based buds are visualized. Which of the following risk factors is most likely a component of this patient's history?​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​‌
1
16
#33 A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department for evaluation of right lower abdominal pain and bloody vaginal discharge.  Her symptoms began this morning and are progressively worsening.  She is sexually active with 1 male partner.  The patient takes no daily medications and has no known drug allergies.  Her last menstrual period was 5 weeks ago, and she has never been pregnant.  Blood pressure is 112/70 mm Hg while supine and 96/60 mm Hg while standing.  The patient is tachycardic and ill appearing.  On pelvic examination, the uterus is small and mobile, and there is right adnexal tenderness.  Laboratory results are as follows: Complete blood count     Hemoglobin 11 g/dL     Platelets 200,000/mm3     Leukocytes 9,000/mm3 Urine β-hCG positive This patient's clinical presentation is most likely due to a prior infection with which of the following pathogens?​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌ A. Escherichia coli​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌ (5%) B. Gardnerella vaginalis​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌ (2%) C. Herpes simplex virus (1%) D. Human papillomavirus (8%) E. Neisseria gonorrhoeae​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌ (76%) F. Treponema pallidum​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌ (4%) G. Trichomonas vaginalis​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​​​​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌ (4%)
119
17
#32 A 22-year-old woman comes to the office due to worsening cough.  The patient has been coughing every day for the past several months, but over the last 4 weeks, the cough has worsened, with increased amounts of thick sputum and shortness of breath.  Streaks of blood have been present in the sputum on several occasions.  The patient also has a history of chronic sinusitis and repeated hospitalizations for airway infections.  She takes pancreatic enzyme supplements for chronic diarrhea.  She does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Physical examination reveals nasal polyps, a barrel-shaped chest, bilateral coarse lung crackles, and digital clubbing.  Chest x-ray shows hyperinflated lungs and dilated, thickened airways.  Sputum culture from this patient is most likely to yield which of the following organisms?​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌ A. Aspergillus fumigatus​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌ (10%) B. Moraxella catarrhalis​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌ (8%) C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌ (7%) D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌ (64%) E. Streptococcus pneumoniae​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌ (12%)
126
18
A. Chlamydia trachomatis​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌ due to ascending cholangitis (9%) B. Cytomegalovirus by direct invasion from a nearby source (7%) C. Entamoeba histolytica​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌ due to a penetrating stab wound (39%) D. Staphylococcus aureus​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌ by hematogenous route (39%) E. Streptococcus pneumoniae​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌ by portal vein (7%)
109
19
#31 A 57-year-old woman is hospitalized with high-grade fevers, chills, and right upper abdominal pain. The patient lives in
#31 A 57-year-old woman is hospitalized with high-grade fevers, chills, and right upper abdominal pain. The patient lives in Wisconsin and has no history of international travel. Her temperature is 40 C (104 F). Physical examination of the abdomen shows rebound tenderness. Laboratory studies show elevated aspartate and alanine aminotransferases. Imaging studies reveal a fluid-filled cavity within the right lobe of the liver as shown below. Which of the following microorganism/route combinations is most likely to be the cause of this patient's infection?​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌‌​‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​‌​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​​‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​‌​​​‌​​‌​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌
122
20
#30 A 52-year-old man is brought to the emergency department due to worsening right leg pain, fever, and confusion. The patient injured his leg while operating a motorized watercraft on the ocean near Florida 2 days ago. Temperature is 38.9 C (102 F), blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, and pulse is 120/min. The patient is lethargic and diaphoretic. Physical examination reveals a small laceration on the dorsum of the right foot with surrounding edema, erythema, and several hemorrhagic bullae. Leukocyte count and serum lactic acid levels are elevated. Intravenous fluids and empiric antibiotics are administered, and surgical debridement of the wound is performed. Blood and wound cultures yield curved gram-negative rods. Which of the following is the greatest risk factor for this patient's infection?​‌​‌​​​​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌​​​‌‌​​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌‌​​​‌​​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌‌​‌​​‌​​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​​‌‌​‌​​​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌‌​​‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​​​​‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌​‌​​‌‌​​​​​​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​ A. Bacterial nasal colonization (7%) B. Condition causing iron overload (24%) C. Exposure to infected rodent urine (31%) D. Lack of booster immunization (23%) E. Recent broad-spectrum antibiotic use (15%)
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