Group( D )

Respiratory Acidosis Symptoms:

Elevated creatinine/BUN could indicate acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD)

.......Tests Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels.

........most specific for diagnosing lactic acidosis and tracking response to treatmen مهم

arteria pH of loss than:

various enzymes have optimal pH values and acid-base disturbance can affect their function.

......... is normally the most important buffer in the urineمهمه

......Confirms metabolic acidosis and evaluates the severity

.......Direct measurement of lactic acid concentration in the blood.

........Purpose Identifies signs of infection, anemia, or systemic inflammatory response مهمه

normal fasting blood lactate is between

The control of bicarbonate by the .......

Erythrocytes produce little CO2 as they lack aerobic pathways.

the pKa of the bicarbonate system is .......

optimum pH of the ECF is about........

......... are potentially toxic products of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism respectively.

Plasma ....... is controlled largely by the kidneys

blood pH of ....... similarly indicates a severe alkalosis.مهمه

Ammonia and NH4+ from a buffer pair with a pka of about

blood pH is much more variable than of urinary