IPH EXERCISE

Colorful poison frogs in the Amazon owe their great ---1--- to ancestors that leapt into the region from the Andes Mountains several times during the last 10 million years, a new study from The University of Texas at Austin suggests. This is the first study to show that the Andes have been a ---2--- source of diversity for the Amazon basin, one of the largest ---3--- of biological diversity on Earth. The finding runs ---4--- to the idea that Amazonian diversity is the result of evolution only within the ---5--- forest itself. #RFIB #117_Colorful_Poison_Frogs A) Counter B) Diversity C) Accordant D) Reservoirs E) Tropical F) Major G) Essential

Civics and citizenship education builds student's knowledge and understanding of the ways in which citizens can actively participate in Australia' s diverse and ---1--- society. Students learn about the civic institutions and the ---2--- through which decisions are made for the common good of the ---3--- and they also develop the ---4--- and understandings that relate to the organization of a harmonious democratic society. #RFIB #279_Citizenship_Education A) Precision B) Humanity C) Inclusive D) Community E) Wills F) Processes G) Skills

Coffee is enjoyed by millions of people every day and the 'coffee experience' has become a staple of our modern life and ---1---. While the current body of research related to the effects of coffee ---2--- on human health has been contradictory, a study in the June issue of Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, which is published by the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT), found that the potential ---3--- of moderate coffee drinking ---4--- the risks in adult consumers for the majority of major health ---5--- considered. #RFIB #307_Coffee A) Consumption B) Outweigh C) Cult D) Outcomes E) Benefits F) Expenditure G) Culture

📍ANSWERS 1. B. Off (v.): away from a place or position. 2. D. Depend (v.): be controlled or determined by. 3. C. Combines (v.): unite; merge. 4. B. Discovered (v.) 5. C. Had predicted (v.): say or estimate that (a specified thing) will happen in the future or will be a consequence of something. 6. C. Erupted (v.): be ejected from an active volcano. 7. A. Thrived or Throve (v.): prosper; flourish. #RWFIB #552_Ocean_Floor

The ocean floor is home to many unique communities of plants and animals. Most of these marine ecosystems are near the water surface, such as the Great Barrier Reef, a 2,000-km long coral formation ---1--- the northeastern coast of Australia. Coral reefs, like nearly all complex living communities, ---2--- on solar energy for growth (photosynthesis). The sun's energy, however, penetrates at most only about 300m below the surface of the water. The relatively shallow penetration of solar energy and the sinking of cold, subpolar water ---3--- to make most of the deep ocean floor a frigid environment with few life forms. In 1977, scientists ---4--- hot springs at a depth of 2.5 km, on the Galapagos Rift (spreading ridge) off the coast of Ecuador. This exciting discovery was not really surprise. Since the early 1970s, scientists ---5--- that hot springs (geothermal vents) should be found at the active spreading centers along the mid-oceanic ridges, where magma, at temperatures over 1,000° presumably was being ---6--- to form new oceanic crust. More exciting, because it was totally unexpected, was the discovery of abundant and unusual sea life - giant tube worms, huge clams, and mussels – that ---7--- around the hot springs. 1) A. in B. off C. to D. on 2) A. depends B. depending C. is depending D. depend 3) A. combine B. has combined C. combines D. combined 4) A. has discovered B. discovered C. are discovering D. discovers 5) A. are predicting B. predict C. had predicted D. has predicted 6) A. erupts B. erupt C. erupted D. erupting 7) A. B & C B. throve C. thrived D. thrives #RWFIB #552_Ocean_Floor

📍ANSWERS 1. D. Pushed up (v): to move upward. 2. C. Pervade (v.): (especially of a smell) spread through and be perceived in every part of. 3. B. Coating (v.): a thin layer or covering of something. 4. A. Began (v.) 5. A. Dragged (v.): pull (someone or something) along forcefully, roughly, or with difficulty. 6. B. Invented (v.): create or design (something that has not existed before); be the originator of. #RWFIB #647_Cardona_Salt_Mountain

Formed two million years ago when low-density salt was ---1--- through the much harder materials surrounding it, the Cardona Salt Mountain is one of the largest domes of its kind in the world, and unique in Europe. While small amounts of other minerals ---2--- the savory hill, the salt pile would have a near translucent quality if not for the thin layer of reddish clay ---3--- the exterior. The significance of the mountain was recognized as early as the Middle Ages when Romans ---4--- exploiting the mountain for its salt, which began to bolster the young Cardonian economy. With the invention of industrial mining techniques, a mine was built into the side of the mountain and a thriving facility formed at its base as excavators ---5--- enormous amounts of potash (water-soluble) salt from the innards of the hill. In addition to the mineral export, the locals of Cardona began making salt sculptures to sell and ---6--- a number of hard, salty pastries unique to the area. 1) A. push out B. pushes up C. pushes in D. pushed up 2) A. pervades B. is pervading C. pervade D. has pervaded 3) A. has coated B. coating C. been coated D. coat 4) A. began B. has begun C. begins D. is beginning 5) A. dragged B. have dragged C. are dragging D. drags 6) A. is inventing B. invented C. has invented D. invent #RWFIB #647_Cardona_Salt_Mountain

📍ANSWERS 1. A. Distracted (v.): prevent (someone) from giving full attention to something. 2. D. Was (v.) 3. A. To spend (v.) 4. B. away (v.): the phrasal verb carried away: to become excited about something. 5. C. Concerns (v.): relate to; be about. 6. B. Increasing (v.): become or make greater in size, amount, intensity, or degree. #RWFIB #110_Science_Warn_Global_Warming

You may well ask why science did not warn us of global warming sooner; I think that there are several reasons. We were from the 1970s until the end of the century ---1--- by the important global problem of stratospheric ozone depletion, which we knew ---2--- manageable. We threw all our efforts into it and succeeded but had little time ---3--- on climate change. Climate science was also neglected because twentieth-century science failed to recognize the true nature of Earth as a responsive self-regulating entity. Biologists were so carried ---4--- by Darwin's great vision that they failed to see that living things were tightly coupled to their material environment and that evolution ---5--- the whole Earth system with living organisms an integral part of it. Earth is not the Goldilocks planet of the solar system sitting at the right place for life. It was in this favorable state some two billion years ago but now our planet has to work hard, against ever ---6--- heat from the Sun, to keep itself habitable. We have chosen the worst of times to add to its difficulties. 1) A. distracted B. distracts C. have distracted D. has distracted 2) A. is B. been C. being D. was 3) A. to spend B. spends C. has spent D. spent 4) A. in B. away C. on D. out 5) A. is concerning B. concerned C. concerns D. had concerned 6) A. increased B. increasing C. being increased D. increases #RWFIB #110_Science_Warn_Global_Warming

Our major conclusion is that the current measure needs to be revised. It no longer provides an accurate picture of the differences in the extent of economic poverty among population groups or geographic areas of the country, nor an accurate picture of trends over time. #RA #Apeuni_prediction #Apeuni_785 ——————————————————— 🎖Together we persevere, Together we can 🎖 @Iran_pte_house

❌❌دوستان و همراهان عزیز دورهمی امروز ساعت ۱۷ کنسل شد و به پنجشنبه ساعت ۱۲ ظهر تغییر یافت❌❌

✳️ Nowadays, work leaves little time to people's personal life. How widespread do you think it is? How can we solve the problems caused by the shortage of time? Points of Contention: - spending time at work - leaving little time to people’s personal life - the shortage of time  Other Points: - We should answer the specific questions in “N”: “How widespread do you think it is?” and “How can we solve the problems caused by the shortage of time?” Possible answers: “a widespread problem / being widespread” and “time management” ✅Sample 1 (With Noun Phrase): 🔆T1: spending time at work ⚜️N1: allocating more time to individual life ⚜️N2: the lack of time 🔆T2: leaving little time to people’s personal life ⚜️N3: working hours ⚜️N4: time scarcity as a widespread problem ⚜️N5: good time management 🔆T3: the shortage of time ⚜️N6: increasing working time ⚜️N7: a work-life balance ⚜️N8: the widespread problem of poor time management 🔆T4: having enough time for personal life ⚜️N9: spending more time on jobs ⚜️N10: time deficiency ✅Sample 2 (With Sentence): 🔆ST1: working hours would leave less time to individuals’ personal life 🔆ST2: the lack of time might be a widespread issue 🔆ST2: time deficiency could be solved by good time management 🔆ST1: working time might leave no time for personal life 🔆ST1: work leaves little time to people's personal life 🔆ST2: the shortage of time could be a widespread problem 🔆ST2: the widespread problem of time scarcity would be solved by time management 🔆ST1: jobs might leave little time to individual life #WE #Essay_Sample #Apeuni_Predictions #Apeuni_40 #40 ——————————————————— 🎖Together we persevere, Together we can 🎖 @Iran_pte_house

✅ Nowadays, work leaves little time to people's personal life. How widespread do you think it is? How can we solve the problems caused by the shortage of time? #WE #Essay #Apeuni_Predictions #Apeuni_40 #40 ——————————————————— 🎖Together we persevere, Together we can 🎖 @Iran_pte_house

🔆 Transcript: David Olivia Garcia is a co-host of New Mexico in Focus and is also the managing editor for the New Mexico Independent, which is an online news website, he says that the Internet has some great benefits for journalism. The Internet is this new, amazing medium. Not so new: it's been around quite some time now. But it's maturing as, among other things, a place for journalism. In a sense, the Internet allows you to tell stories better than in a newspaper or on television. For this reason, you can do it all online: you can have the written word, you can have still photographs, you can have video. You can link and kind of connect to the other journalism that has been done on a given topic. So it's not like you're in a vacuum. The Internet has had a negative impact on these papers. However, John Fleck, who is a columnist for the Albuquerque Journal and also has his own blog, says that he doesn't think that's entirely the case. It really makes me more efficient as a journalist in terms of information gathering, confirmation, helping me get the background necessary to write a story. So it's really good for that. 🔆 Main Points: ⚜️ the Internet ⚜️ having some great benefits for journalism ⚜️ a new and amazing medium ⚜️ maturing as a place for journalism ⚜️ doing all online ⚜️ being in a vacuum ⚜️ making journalists more efficient Others: -having the written word -telling stories better than in a newspaper or on television -information gathering and confirmation -getting the necessary background 🔆 Sample Answer: The essential feature of this topic was to determine the Internet. Although having some great benefits for journalism can perceive a new and amazing medium as doing all online, maturing as a place for journalism could associate having the written word with being in a vacuum. Consequently, making journalists more efficient may derive information gathering and confirmation from getting the necessary background. (62 words) #SST #Apeuni_640 #Apeuni_Prediction #Internet ————————————————————— 🎖Together we persevere, Together we can 🎖 @Iran_pte_house

It's strange to think that time zones were invented as a way of reducing confusion rather than causing it. Since solar time varies as you move even a short distance from one spot to another across the planet, for most of human history, the time of day varied everywhere. #ra #apeuni_1198