Descriptive Prep: Brajesh Mohan

Practice Questions based on Current Affairs Q. What are Free Trade Agreements? Discuss the importance of FTA and What are the challenges before the Indian economy when the world is moving away from free trade and multilateralism to protectionism and bilateralism? How can these challenges be met? Q. What are the causes of persistent high food inflation in India? Comment on the effectiveness of the monetary policy of RBI to control this type of inflation. Q. Most of the unemployment in India is structural in nature. Examine the methodology adopted to compute unemployment in the country and suggest improvements. Q. Examine the factors responsible for depleting groundwater in India. What are the steps taken by the government to mitigate such depletion of groundwater? Q. Examine the scope of the food processing industries in India. Elaborate the measures taken by the government in the food processing industries for generating employment opportunities. Q. How can food processing and agro-based industries facilitate India’s transition from a farm-dependent to a manufacturing-led economy? Q. How does nanotechnology offer significant advancements in the field of agriculture? How can this technology help to uplift the socio-economic status of farmers? Q. The GST 2.0 seeks to address the structural inefficiencies of India’s indirect tax framework. Critically examine its rationale and challenges for transforming India’s indirect tax regime. Q. Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is often described as a "bridge technology" in the global transition to net-zero. Examine its potential and challenges in the Indian context. Current Affairs Based Topics India’s recent labour reforms under the four new Labour Codes. Cloud seeding as a tool in India’s air pollution mitigation strategy. (150 words) Supply chain management of agricultural commodities in India Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI) Fiscal Health Index (FHI) Rationalization of GST rate in 2025 Climate Smart Agriculture Rare Earth and Critical Minerals Schemes in News: PMGSY (25 Years) VB G RAM G Bill Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure (ICCVAI) Export Promotion Mission SVANidhi: Empowering Street Vendors National Mission on Edible Oils National Beekeeping & Honey Mission NAVYA Clean Plant Programme PM Vishwakarma Scheme Swasth Nari Sashakt Parivar Abhiyaan National Action for Mechanised Sanitation Ecosystem (NAMASTE) Gyan Bharatam Mission India’s Critical Mineral Mission Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana 11 Years of PM Jan Dhan Yojana: Banking the Unbanked National Mission on Natural Farming

✅ NABARD Grade A 2025: 20 Days Answer Writing Series | Day - 15 (ESI) Topics Covered — Non-Institutional and Institutional Agencies in rural credit. — WTO Agriculture and Fisheries Subsidies — Problems associated with illiteracy — Educational relevance and educational wastage and Educational Policy for India Q. Explain the structure of rural credit delivery system in India. Discuss the role of institutional and non-institutional agencies and examine the challenges in ensuring adequate and affordable credit to rural households. (600 Words, 15 Marks) Q. What is the institutional rural credit framework in India and what measures have been taken by the government to improve rural credit access? (600 Words, 15 Marks) Q. Access to institutional credit is critical for inclusive rural development. Discuss the constraints in rural credit delivery and suggest measures to reduce dependence on non-institutional sources. (600 Words, 15 Marks) Q. Explain the provisions of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AoA). Discuss the implications of agricultural subsidy disciplines for developing countries like India. (600 Words, 15 Marks) Q. Discuss the key features of the WTO Fisheries Subsidies Agreement. Examine its implications for developing countries and small-scale fishers. (600 Words, 15 Marks) Q. Analyse the implications of World Trade Organization (WTO) decisions on the Indian economy, with specific reference to agriculture, trade policies, and subsidies. (600 Words, 15 Marks) Q. Illiteracy continues to be a major constraint on socio-economic development in India. Discuss the causes and consequences of illiteracy with special reference to rural areas. (600 Words, 15 Marks) Q. Discuss the issues of educational relevance and educational wastage in India. Examine how recent education policies aim to address these challenges. (600 Words, 15 Marks) Q. Explain the role of cooperative banks and regional rural banks (RRBs) in rural credit delivery. (10 Marks, 400 words) Q. Explain the role of SHGs and JLGs in improving access to rural credit. (10 Marks, 400 words) Q. What is meant by educational irrelevance? How does it affect employability of youth in India? (10 Marks, 400 words) Q. Explain How does educational wastage weaken India’s demographic dividend? (10 Marks, 400 words) You can share your answer PDF well formatted to @askbrajesh for Evaluation. Follow 👉 @descriptive_bankexam for More.

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Two decades after the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) stopped granting licenses for new urban co-operative banks (UCBs), the central bank has proposed reopening the licensing window. The move would favour granting UCB licenses to co-operative credit societies. UCBs are a co-operative society registered under any State Co-operative Societies Act or under the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act that has been given a banking license as a primary co-operative bank under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949. Reserve Bank of India (RBI): Regulates the banking functions of UCBs overseeing aspects like licensing, operations, and compliance with prudential norms. State/Central Registrars of Cooperative Societies Supervise the managerial and administrative functions of UCBs. Article link 🔗 https://indianexpress.com/article/business/rbi-reopening-urban-co-operative-banks-licenses-large-credit-societies-10471845/#:~:text=Two%20decades%20after%20the%20Reserve,to%20co%2Doperative%20credit%20societies.

Learn how it has been written, the Introduction. Data/Facts, the Articulation, connectors used for transition among Paragraphs, Schemes/Initiative etc. If you do this in exam, you would get max marks.

Essay: AI in Agriculture: Opportunities, Challenges, and the Way Forward Artificial Intelligence (AI) cannot replace farmers; however, farmers who adopt AI are likely to replace those who do not. This statement captures the transformative potential of AI in Indian agriculture. According to the Economic Survey, agriculture contributes nearly 16% to India’s GDP and supports more than 46% of the population. Despite its critical importance, the agricultural sector continues to face persistent challenges such as labour shortages, erratic climatic conditions, pest and disease attacks, and low productivity. In this context, the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool to enhance productivity and move towards the goal of doubling farmers’ income. AI-driven precision agriculture enables data-based decision-making by analysing information obtained from satellites, sensors, and weather stations. This data helps farmers optimise the use of inputs such as water, fertilisers, and pesticides, thereby improving efficiency. For instance, Microsoft’s Project Farm Vibes demonstrated that AI tools can increase crop productivity by 20–30%, conserve water by nearly 40%, and enhance farmers’ profit margins by 30–45%. Similarly, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has developed automated irrigation systems that supply water only when required, significantly reducing water wastage. AI-based platforms such as the Plantix app and the National Pest Surveillance System help detect pest and disease outbreaks at an early stage and recommend timely control measures. The use of drones for pesticide spraying, monitoring soil moisture, and tracking market prices further illustrates how AI is transforming Indian agriculture. Despite its immense potential, AI adoption in agriculture faces several constraints. The foremost challenge is the high initial cost of AI-based tools, which makes them unaffordable for small and marginal farmers, who constitute nearly 86% of India’s farming community. Moreover, operating AI systems requires technical skills, yet rural India faces an acute shortage of trained personnel. Inadequate internet connectivity and unreliable power supply further limit the effective deployment of AI technologies in rural areas. To address these challenges, a multi-pronged approach is required. Through cooperative and contract farming, farmers can pool resources and collectively invest in AI tools such as drones. Institutions like Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) and the Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) can play a crucial role in capacity building and training farmers to operate AI-based technologies. Access to affordable credit and subsidies is also essential. For example, the government provides a capital subsidy of up to ₹7.5 lakh or 75% for drone purchases through Custom Hiring Centres, while under the Namo Drone Didi Scheme, women SHGs are offered 80% subsidy or ₹8 lakh for drone adoption. Globally, initiatives such as the WEF’s AI4AI programme, implemented in collaboration with the Telangana government through the “Sagu Bagu” initiative, have demonstrated tangible benefits. Under this programme, chilli crop productivity increased by 8%, while farmers’ profits rose by 21% compared to traditional practices. In conclusion, the AI market in agriculture is expected to grow from 13% in 2023 to 30% by 2028, with a CAGR of 18%, highlighting its transformative potential. However, addressing challenges related to skills, infrastructure, and credit is essential. By promoting cooperative farming, strengthening capacity building, and empowering women through SHGs, AI can be effectively leveraged to enhance farm productivity, increase incomes, and help realise India’s aspiration of becoming a Viksit Bharat by 2047.