Descriptive Prep: Brajesh Mohan

Human Development Index, Multidimensional Poverty Index, Human Capital Index (Word Bank) - These are very Important for ESI.

Based on the Request... Burning Topics of Economics and Finance: 2022 - 23 (Updated on 15th July 2023) I. Inclusive Development, Economic Inequality, Jobless Growth, Potential GDP II. Green Growth III. Monetary Policy, Changing Role of RBI IV. Climate Change, Environmental Issue, India & SDG, Net Zero 2070, Climate Initiatives by India (National and International such as ISA, CDRI, LiFE) V. BoP, Currency Depreciation VI. Rising Global Debt VI. Twin Deficit - CAD Deficit, Fiscal Deficit VII. G20, SCO, FTA Specially IEPF, QUAD VIII. WTO - Agriculture and Intellectual Property, Trade Barriers IX. Reforms needed in WB, IMF X. Infrastructure Development - PM GatiShakti, National Logistic Policy XI. Natural Farming, Climate Resilient Agriculture and Millets - Its Significance. XII. Women Empowerment, Gender Inclusive Work Place XIII. XIV. Urbanization, Migration, Population, Globalization XV. Rising export and potential risk XVI. Rural Enterpeneurship, Promotion of Cooperation (PACS and MSC). XVII. Gig workers and provisions for in new industrial policy. XVIII. Self Reliant In Manufacturing - PLI Scheme XIX. Online Gaming, Quantum Computer, 5G Launch, 6G Test, Generative AI and Emerging Role of AI XX. Finance I. Changing Role of RBI - Regulator to Facilitator II. Development Finance Institution - NABFiD III. Recent Global Banking Crisis - SVB Crisis, Credit Sussie and Its impact on India. IV. ESG Framework and Its rising significance V. Conventional vs Modern Bank (Fintech) VI. Financial Inclusion and Microfinance VI. Rising Bond YIELD or decreasing bond yield VII. Secondary Market and evolving role of SEBI VIII. Corporate Governance in Banking Sector. IX. Green Finance or Role of Financial Institutions in fight against Climate change X. CBDC or Digital Rupee XI. International Framework on Crypto Currency XI. Green deposit Framework XII. Sovereign Green Bond Framework XIII. NPS vs OPS XIV. Scale Based Framework for NBFCs XV. New Tier Structure of UCB XVI. I will try to all the possible burning topics... You too can add, and you can also share it in different groups and ask other people to contribute based on their understanding of possible topics they feel are very important. #mentorship #rbigradeb Thank you, follow 👉 @brajeshmohan for Regular Updates on Banking and Regulatory Exams.

Based on the Request... Burning Topics of Economics and Finance: 2022 - 23 I. Inclusive Development, Economic Inequality II. Green Growth III. Monetary Policy, Changing Role of RBI IV. Climate Change, Environmental Issue, India & SDG, Net Zero 2070, Climate Initiatives V. Currency Depreciation VI. Rising Global Debt VI. Recession, Inflation, Rising Oil Price, CAD Deficit, Fiscal Deficit VII. G20, SCO, FTA, QUAD VIII. WTO - Agriculture and Intellectual Property, Trade Barriers IX. Reforms needed in WB, IMF X. Infrastructure Development - PM GatiShakti XI. Education - NEP, Samgra Siksha XII. Women Empowerment, Gender Inclusive Work Place XIII. Health - Structure, Challanges, Programs and Polices, One Health or Universal Health XIV. Urbanization, Migration, Population, Globalization XV. Rising export and potential risk XVI. Rural Enterpeneurship XVII. Gig workers and provisions for in new industrial policy. XVIII. Self Reliant In Manufacturing - PLI Scheme XIX. Finance I. Changing Role of RBI II. Development Finance Institutions III. Recent Global Banking Crisis IV. ESG Framework V. Conventional vs Modern Bank (Fintech) VI. Financial Inclusion and Microfinance VI. Rising Bond YIELD or decreasing bond yield VII. Secondary Market and evolving role of SEBI VIII. Corporate Governance IX. Green Finance or Role of Financial Institutions in fight against Climate change X. CBDC XI. International Framework on Crypto Currency XI. Green deposit Framework XII. Sovereign Green Bond Framework XIII. NPS vs OPS XIV. I will try to all the possible burning topics... You too can add, and you can also share it in different groups and ask other people to contribute based on their understanding of possible topics they feel are very important. #mentorship #rbigradeb Thank you, follow 👉 @brajeshmohan for Regular Updates on Banking and Regulatory Exams.

Climate Change is very important, last year they asked essay on CoP27 as it was held just before exam. This year we have faced extreme heat wave and just after that you can see a devastating flood situation in Uttarakhand, Himachal, Punjab etc, some few days back the same punjab which was reeling under Heat wave is now flooded. This is due to to impact of Climate Change. I have shared 5-6 significant news of last 6 months, you can collect data/Facts and Initiatives to write if they ask something related.

Online Gaming has been in News Lately and yesterday 28% GST was applied in the last GST Council Meeting. This is one topic under Technology which has not been asked yet so, be prepared, it could be asked in Essay.

❇️ Why Descriptive is Game Changer in RBI Grade B exam? Out of 300 Marks - 200 marks (100 - English + 50-50 in ESI and Finance) are from Descriptive section, means 2/3rd from Descriptive and 1/3rd from Objective Section. But a normal candidate, spends around 2/3rd time preparing for Objective section and not even 1/3rd for Descriptive Section, now someone will say that even preparing for objective is also preparing for Descriptive, yes but in actual it's only 30%. This is where a difference is created between a Non-UPSC and UPSC. Descriptive Skill is about - Your Content/Clarity about question, Writing only which has been asked, Completing the Paper within time, fewer grammatical and spelling mistakes. So without practice it's not going to happen automatically, saying this based on experience. You will feel this once you clear mains and haven't practiced anything before and RBI takes mains exam in 20-25 days which is not even bare minimum days to practice and get command. These days many people are able to type 2000 words in stipulated time, so it's not 2021 anymore, people have made mindset and now they are completing so if you are not able to then definitely marks will be less. ✅ So what to do, Step - 1. Don't think like once I will complete the syllabus, then practice, this could have worked 6 months before but not anymore. Write answers after completing the chapters, don't wait for the completion of whole syllabus. Step - 2. Know the format and Basics of Answer Writing and Descriptive English Writing. Generally in Answer writing we write in Points and in Essay we write in Paragraphs, although there is no such rule except for Precis writing where you have to write in single paragraph. - Follow Introduction - Body - Conclusion -Inside Introduction of Answer, Start with Definition or Any related Data from any report you know. - Same way in essay, you can start with Quote, Data, Definition. - Dont forget to conclude your essay and Answers Step - 3. Word Limit - You should stick to word limit, as you shouldn't cross it and also there may be people whose typing speed is not so good, for them writing all the 4 answers are must so maintain 80% word limit or 75% for all questions so that you can complete the paper within time. 4. Read the Questions carefully, Understand it and then write, many a times, questions are in multiple part and demands information related to all the parts but we miss 1 or more parts and losse marks ultimately. Step - 5. Fix time for each questions based on given time, like 25 min each for 15 marks and 20 min each for 10 marks questions and you should read the question, understand it, make a model and then answer under this time only. Make a mindset, I will not exceed this time limit, whatever written i will conclude there itself (it may sound wrong but with practice you will start completing the questions on time). Step - 5. Proofreading - Under 25 min or 20 min, you should also need to devote 2-3 mins for checking grammatical or spelling mistakes in your answers or essay. This is must do activity but you can do it only when you have good speed otherwise you won't have to do this activity. Step - 6. In Descriptive English - Essay is only 40 Marks and rest 60 Marks comes from Precis and Reading Comprehension, so in the name of practice do just keep practicing essay and be happy about it. ✅ What are the Sources:- For Essay - I have already given many topics for different exams available in channel as well as on my website brajeshmohan.in, in future too i will keep giving topics. For Answer Writing - There are two possible ways, One you should create 5-6 questions by yourself from each chapter after completing and second you can also take questions from my website and also many telegram channels created by those who have cleared or have experience about the exam. For Precis: All the Editorial of The Hindu, BS, BL, Forbes etc are the content of Precis. Tools - Notepad and Grammarly. Thank You, Brajesh Mohan 😊 #answerwriting

Recently, India pushed for a new fund to reverse biodiversity loss at the U.N. biodiversity conference (COP-15) in Canada's Montreal. Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)—a new set of goals and targets to halt and reverse biodiversity loss The draft GBF, set to replace the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, comprises 22 targets and four goals proposed for 2030—a stepping stone to the 2050 goal of Living in Harmony with Nature. The GBF targets include reducing pollution, pesticides, subsidies harmful to nature and the rate of introduction of invasive alien species among others. It will cater to a new set of goals and targets to halt and reverse biodiversity loss. As the 196 parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) finalise negotiations for a post-2020 GBF, there have been calls for the inclusion of the CBDR principle in finance-related targets Target:- It aims at achieving a historic deal to halt and reverse biodiversity loss on par with the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change, when all countries agreed to holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial level. CBDR It was established as the seventh principle of the Rio Declaration adopted at the Earth Summit in 1992. CBDR is defined as “states have common but differentiated responsibilities in view of the different contributions to global environmental degradation”. Applying the CBDR principle to biodiversity conservation has not been straightforward as compared to climate negotiations, and there have been repeated disagreements between the global north and south on the issue. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) The CBD is known informally as the Biodiversity Convention. It is a multilateral treaty. The convention was opened for signature at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and entered into force in 1993. The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (SCBD) is based in Montreal, Canada. What were Aichi Biodiversity Targets that expired in 2020? The Aichi Targets, adopted during the 2010 CBD summit in Nagoya, located in Japan’s Aichi prefecture, included 20 goals such as reducing deforestation by at least half during the coming decade and curbing pollution so that it no longer harmed ecosystems. Major reason for failure was lack of funding for Biodiversity. The Global Environment Facility, the primary source of financing for international biodiversity protection, has collected around $5 billion from 29 countries for the funding period from 2022 to 2026. That is hardly enough to make up the $711 billion funding gap per year estimated by a 2019 assessment by several conservation institutes. In the end, Aichi was deemed a failure by the United Nations and the CBD secretariat called on parties to come up with another guiding document to direct conservation efforts through 2030 and beyond. #explained

What is a loan write-off and why do banks do it? What's the difference between Write off and Waive off? Banks wrote off more than Rs 10 lakh crore in loans over the last five years, RBI data show. While public sector banks reported the lion’s share of write-offs at Rs 734,738 crore, private sector banks were not far behind in bringing down their non-performing assets (NPAs). Pvt banks accounted for Rs 2.74 lakh crore of the write-offs during this period. They have been able to recover only 13% (Rs 1,32,036 crore) of the Rs 10,09,510 crore ($123.86 billion) they wrote off Among private banks, ICICI Bank’s reduction in NPAs due to write-offs was Rs 50,514 crore in the last five years. Axis Bank wrote off Rs 49,715 crore and HDFC Bank Rs 34,782 crore during the period, according to the RBI. Among individual public sector banks, reduction in NPAs due to write-offs in the case of State Bank of India Rs 204,486 crore in the last five years, Punjab National Bank Rs 67,214 crore and Bank of Baroda Rs 66,711 crore. What is a loan write-off? Writing off a loan essentially means it will no longer be counted as an asset. By writing off loans, a bank can reduce the level of non-performing assets (NPAs) on its books. An additional benefit is that the amount so written off reduces the bank’s tax liability. Why do banks resort to write-offs? The bank writes off a loan after the borrower has defaulted on the loan repayment and there is a very low chance of recovery. The lender then moves the defaulted loan, or NPA, out of the assets side and reports the amount as a loss. After the write-off, banks are supposed to continue their efforts to recover the loan using various options. They have to make provisioning as well. The tax liability will also come down as the written-off amount is reduced from the profit. Loan Write-off vs Loan Waive off? A loan waive-off is a complete cancellation of a loan account. This means that the borrower is free from that particular debt. While Lenders write-off loans to clean up the balance sheet. But, the loan account stays in their books as they hope to recover it at a later date. When a loan is waived-off, the bank will not attempt to take any legal action against the borrower to recover the loan. While A loan write-off means that the loan account is not closed, which means that the lender can try to recover the loan amount with the help of a legal entity. A loan waive-off is a facility provided by the government to farmers at times of natural calamities. #newsexplained