اکنون در دسترس! پژوهش تلگرام ۲۰۲۵ — مهمترین بینشهای سال 
Ignorance Reliever School of UPSC Studies
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پستهای کانال
| 2 |  😒Few about upsc prelims 2026 by its Chairman via Official
#Prelims2026 | 189 |
| 3 |  🪲#Prelims2026 | 232 |
| 4 |  😍Harsha 🌱 | 224 |
| 5 |  Ottawa declaration.
🔡Murmansk is the largest port along the Northern Sea Route (NSR) and is situated on the Kola Peninsula, along the coast of the Barents Sea. It plays a vital role in connecting Russia to the Canadian Arctic through maritime paths like the Norwegian Sea and Hudson Bay
🍀Arctic States including United States.,Canada, Denmark Represent(Greenland and the Faroe Islands), Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Russia.
😏Arctic Council Secretariat: The standing Arctic Council Secretariat formally became operational in 2013 in Tromsø, Norway
🥴As of 2022, thirteen non-Arctic states have Observer status(India, 2013) | 215 |
| 6 |  🌴Kharg Island became the world's largest offshore crude oil terminal and the principal sea terminal for Iranian oil.
🌴Greater Tunb and Lesser Tunb are administered by Iran as part of its Hormozgan province, however their sovereignty is disputed by the United Arab Emirates, which claims them as part of the Emirate of Ras al-Khaimah.
🌴Abu Musa is a 12.8-square-kilometre island in the eastern Persian Gulf, near the entrance to the Strait of Hormuz. The island is currently administered by Iran, but its sovereignty is disputed by the United Arab Emirates.
🌴Hengam Island functions as a strategic forward operating base and radar monitoring post for the Iranian Navy and Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Navy
🌴Qeshm,Separated from the Iranian mainland by the Clarence Strait, Qeshm is the largest island in the Persian Gulf. The island is part of Qeshm County, Daraghan Province
🌴Larak Island(Mouth) is a small Iranian island located off the coast of Bandar Abbas, Iran, east of Qeshm Island and south of Hormuz Island.
💐#PRELIMS2026😈 | 117 |
| 7 |  🤪The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) officially permits banks and NBFCs to accept silver ornaments and coins as loan collateral. Under the Lending Against Gold and Silver Collateral Directions, regulated lenders can process formal loans using silver to help expand credit access and unlock household liquidity.Key Loan & Collateral Limits Acceptable Collateral: Silver ornaments, jewelry, and coins. Raw bullion, bars, bricks, and silver ETFs are excluded.Maximum Weight Limit: Borrowers can pledge up to a maximum of 10 kg of silver.Loan-to-Value (LTV) Ratio: Loans are capped at an LTV of 75% of the silver's value, calculated using prevailing market rates for 99.9% pure silver.Eligible Institutions: Commercial banks, regional rural banks, co-operative banks, and NBFCs
😎Prelims2026 | 117 |
| 8 | https://youtube.com/shorts/FzfJy7A82IU?si=Vh9QfPuF0y0Hkqsc | 156 |
| 9 |  The National Security Council (NSC) of India is the apex executive agency tasked with advising the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) on matters of national security, foreign policy, and strategic defense. Established in November 1998 by the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government, it integrates multi-layered intelligence and strategic planning to address conventional, non-conventional, internal, and external threats
🦥 created the post of National Security Advisor (NSA), marking a major shift in security governance.
😎Its members include:
National Security Advisor (NSA): The principal advisor to the Prime Minister on national security affairs and secretary of NSC
Additional National Security Advisor: Assists the NSA in various security-related matters.
Deputy National Security Advisor
Minister of Defence
Minister of Home Affairs
Minister of External Affairs
Minister of Finance
Deputy Chairman of the NITI Aayog | 194 |
| 10 |  +2😏Hominid (First Human)
Prehistoric human life is vividly depicted in the Bhimbetka rock shelters in Madhya Pradesh, India, featuring paintings and evidence of habitation dating from the Lower Paleolithic (over 100,000 years ago) to the Mesolithic period. These, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, display scenes of hunting, dancing, musical instruments, and daily activities like gathering
🟢 Penguin = Bird (Class Aves)
Has feathers
Lays eggs
Warm-blooded
Breathes with lungs
🟢 Dolphin = Mammal
Gives birth to young ones
Produces milk
Warm-blooded
Breathes with lungs
🌴Why Their Flippers Are Analogous
Both have flippers for swimming, but:
🔴 Penguin flipper evolved from bird wing
🔴 Dolphin flipper evolved from mammalian forelimb
➡️ Same function = swimming
➡️ Different evolutionary origin = Analogous organs
🍃Animals, the same structure developed along different directions due to adaptations to different needs. This is divergent evolution and these structures are homologous
🍃Analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution - different structures evolving for the same function and hence having similarity
😄Relevance to PYQ UPSC 2019
💐#PRELIMS2026🐦🔥 | 157 |
| 11 |  +1💁🏻♂️Tanzania holds massive, potentially world-leading primary helium deposits, particularly in the Lake Rukwa basin, with estimated resources exceeding 138–176 billion cubic feet (Bcf)
😏As exploration efforts gain momentum in the Rukwa Basin, Lake Nyasa, and Lake Eyasi, we are poised to become a global powerhouse in helium production.
😄Significant helium and natural hydrogen resources have been identified in China's Bohai Bay Basin
🥳Amur Oblast (global focal point for helium production)is a federal subject of Russia located in the Far East (southeast Siberia), bordering China along the Amur River.
🧤46% of the global supply of helium, followed by Qatar (38%) and then Algeria (5%).
😎Additional Points:https://t.me/IRCSAT/106 | 138 |
| 12 |  The High Seas Treaty, or Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) agreement, is a legally binding international pact adopted in June 2023 to protect biodiversity in international waters. Covering over two-thirds of the world's oceans, it officially entered into force on January 17, 2026, following 60 ratifications, aiming to protect 30% of the sea by 2030
🐦🔥Key Details
😍Scope: It applies to areas beyond 200 nautical miles from coastlines.
😍"30 by 30" Target: A primary goal is to protect 30% of the world's oceans by 2030.
Entry into Force: Following ratification by 60 countries, the treaty officially took effect on January 17, 2026.
🥴Institutional Structure: The treaty creates a conference of parties, a secretariat, and an ABS (Access and Benefit-Sharing) committee
#PRELIMS2026 | 114 |
| 13 |  🍀The Blue NDC Challenge, launched by France and Brazil at the 2025 UN Ocean Conference (UNOC3), is an international initiative urging nations to integrate ocean-based climate actions into their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) ahead of COP30 in November 2025. It aims to accelerate ocean mitigation and adaptation, such as marine conservation and renewable energy
🌿The Fostering Investible National Implementation (FINI) platform is a collaborative initiative aimed at accelerating climate resilience by converting National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) into actionable, investable projects. Co-led by the Atlantic Council's Climate Resilience Center and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), it aims to unlock USD 1 trillion in adaptation pipelines by 2028 and increase adaptation investments by 20%.
💐The Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) is a Brazil-led, $125 billion blended-finance mechanism designed to provide long-term, performance-based payments to tropical forest nations. Launched at COP30, it aims to conserve forests by rewarding countries for keeping standing forests, targeting $4 billion in annual payouts through investment returns, with at least 20% dedicated to indigenous communities;
🎯India has joined the Brazil-led Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) as an observer ahead of COP30, signaling a commitment to a new, $125 billion mechanism that pays developing nations to conserve old-growth tropical forests
🦅#PRELIMS2026🦇 | 113 |
| 14 |  🍀The Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) is a voluntary international partnership of over 200 governments, organizations, and businesses. Convened within UNEP and launched in 2012, it works to reduce short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs)—methane, black carbon, HFCs, and tropospheric ozone—to mitigate climate change and improve air quality
climate-policy announcement at COP30 (Belém, Brazil, 2025) where nine countries jointly pledged actions to reduce black carbon emissions—described as the first coordinated international move focused specifically on black carbon
The reported countries were:
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
Madagascar
Nigeria
Sri Lanka
Uganda
🤩#PRELIMS2026😈 | 90 |
| 15 |  🫨Article 87 = President’s Special Address to both Houses jointly after every general election and at the first session of each year.Originally, the Constitution required the President to address both Houses of Parliament at the commencement of “every session”. This requirement was changed by the First Amendment to the Constitution — Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
Rajya Sabha Secretariat records one instance of the first session of the year not commencing with the President’s Address(In 2004, when the House assembled for the first time in the year on 30 January 2004, it was not treated as the first session of the year but as Part II of the 200th session of Rajya Sabha which commenced on 2 December 2003)
Article 86(1) of the Indian Constitution gives the President the power to address Parliament whenever needed.
😳Although this power exists in the Constitution, since 1950 no President has used Article 86(1) to specially address Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, or both Houses under this provision.
So, it is a constitutional power available but never exercised till now.
👿 Motion of Thanks is a mandatory parliamentary procedure in India, acting as a vital indicator of the ruling government's majority. It follows the President’s Address, which outlines the government's policy, and must be passed in both Houses to prove the government holds the confidence of Parliament.
🫰#POLITY🦅 #PRELIMS2026💐 | 122 |
| 16 |  +2😏India ranks 3rd among Global South economies in trade partnership diversity (UNCTAD Trade and Development Report 2025)
😏According to the WTO’s World Trade Statistics, between 2005 and 2024, India’s share of global merchandise exports has nearly doubled, rising from 1 per cent to 1.8 per cent; similarly, its share in global commercial services exports has more than doubled, rising from 2 per cent to 4.3 per cent | 136 |
| 17 |  💐“Biting time reflects ecological adaptation—Aedes mosquitoes are diurnal and visually oriented, while Anopheles are nocturnal, relying on olfactory cues and favorable night conditions.
🪴Anopheles mosquito (Malaria-Pathogen) – Night biter
🪴Aedes mosquito (Dengue-Virus) – Daytime biter
💐India is developing a Multi-Stage Malaria Vaccine Candidate named AdFalciVax. The vaccine aims to provide protection against human infection while also reducing vector-borne community transmission of the parasite. AdFalciVax is the first indigenous recombinant chimeric malaria vaccine specifically designed to target two critical stages of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite responsible for the most lethal form of malaria.
😏Indian Council of Medical Research – ICMR, in partnership with the Department of Biotechnology-National Institute of Immunology (DBT-NII), is currently developing this malaria vaccine candidate.
🦇COVAXIN((Inactivated Vaccine)) is India's first indigenous COVID-19 vaccine, developed by Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Institute of Virology (NIV).
🦅ZyCoV-D (DNA Vaccine)
How it is made:
Scientists take DNA code of virus protein (spike)
Insert into plasmid (circular DNA)
Injected into skin → body cells read DNA and make viral protein
🦅Corbevax (Protein Subunit)
👉 How it is made:
Only a small part of virus (protein) is produced in lab (not whole virus)
Protein is purified and injected
🦅GEMCOVAC-19 (mRNA Vaccine)
👉 How it is made:
Scientists create mRNA sequence of viral protein
Packed in lipid nanoparticles
Injected → cells read mRNA → produce viral protein
🦅iNCOVACC (Nasal Vaccine)
👉 How it is made:
Uses weakened viral vector or protein
Given through nose spray
Stimulates mucosal immunity (first barrier)
#upsc2026😻 | 117 |
| 18 |  +1Mizoram is set to be officially declared a fully literate state under ULLAS - Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram - the first in India to achieve this remarkable feat. | 101 |
| 19 | بدون متن... | 218 |
| 20 |  India ranks third globally in Renewable Energy Installed Capacity, according to the Renewable Energy Statistics 2026. He said India has moved ahead of Brazil in the ranking. The International Renewable Energy Agency released the statistics as of December 2025
💁♀️India reached its highest-ever renewable energy share in electricity generation. The renewables met 51.5% of the country’s total electricity demand of 203 GW. He also said that a total of 283.46 GW of capacity from non-fossil fuel sources
😏So far, a total of 283.46 GW of capacity from non-fossil fuel sources has been installed in the country as on 31.03.2026. This includes 274.68 GW Renewable Energy
💐 150.26 GW Solar Power,
💐56.09 GW Wind Power,
💐11.75 GW Bio Energy*,
💐5.17 GW Small Hydro Power,
💐51.41 GW Large Hydro Power
💐8.78 GW Nuclear Power capacity.
🔡Jaiv-Urja Mitra Skill Development Programme (JUMP) is a specialized initiative launched by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India, under its Human Resource Development (HRD) framework to build a skilled workforce for the rapidly growing bioenergy sector.This strategic initiative is designed to bolster the renewable energy value chain by providing specialized technical training and capacity-building for key stakeholders, including biomass aggregators, feedstock depot operators, and Compressed Biogas (CBG) technicians.
😭Implemented by the Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bioenergy (SSS-NIBE-Autonomous institution under MNRE), this programme aims to prepare youth for green jobs in bioenergy generation and biofuel production
🔡 Puga Valley project is India’s 1st geothermal venture in the Ladakh region, which is also the world’s highest at 14000 ft.
😏the “Technology and Innovation Report 2023" brought out by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, has ranked India at 46th position in its “Frontier Technologies Readiness Index”.
😎 Renewable Energy Research and Technology Development Programme (RE-RTD)It provides up to 100% financial support to government/non-profit research organizations and up to 70% to industry, startups, private institutes, entrepreneurs, and manufacturing units.
😱As of April 2026, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has approved a pilot 500 MW Contract for Difference (CfD) program in India, managed by SECI, to enhance revenue certainty for developers
🙂↔️The Renewable Consumption Obligation (RCO) framework, introduced under the Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022, transitions India to a mandatory, consumer-centric system for direct renewable energy consumption. Effective from April 1, 2024, the framework mandates that designated consumers increase their non-fossil electricity consumption from 29.91% in FY25 to 43.33% by 2029–30, with monitoring and stiff penalties managed by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency | 116 |
