كل يوم case 🫀🩻🩺

The term ‘orthopnoea’ refers to breathlessness (dyspnoea) in a particular situation. Which answer below describes that situation? A. After several hours of sleep B. Due to asthma C. Immediately on lying flat D. On exertion E. On sitting upright #CR هذا تحليه

A 74 year old woman presents with breathlessness. She is found to have an A. Acute arterial plaque rupture with lower limb ischaemia B. Deep venous thrombosis with secondary reduction of arterial blood flow C. Dissection of the femoral artery due to uncontrolled hypertension D. Peripheral embolism with lower limb ischaemia E. Reduced lower limb perfusion due to cardiac failure

Which of the following physical signs is associated with left ventricular failure? A. A gallop rhythm with a fourth heart sound B. A gallop rhythm with a third heart sound C. A loud second heart sound D. A quiet first heart sound E. Fixed splitting of the second heart sound #CR

A 72 year old hypertensive woman presents with a history of sudden-onset, rapid, irregular palpitation. She has had several episodes over the previous 3 months, which have resolved within 1 hour. She feels tired and slightly lightheaded during episodes. From this history, which of the following most likely explains her symptoms? A. Atrial fibrillation B. Sinus arrhythmia C. Supraventricular tachycardia D. Ventricular ectopic beats (extrasystoles) E. Ventricular tachycardia

A 50 year old man is assessed because of 3 weeks of fever and influenza-like symptoms. Examination findings are tachycardia (heart rate 105beats/min), and a large pulse pressure, BP 140/45 mmHg. Initially it was thought a murmur was present but repeat examination reveals no murmur. Investigations reveal no evidence of chest or urinary infection. What are these findings most compatible with? A. Acute myocarditis B. Acute viral pericarditis C. Infective endocarditis affecting the aortic valve D. Infective endocarditis affecting the tricuspid valve E. Influenza مهم جدا

Which of the following pathologies can be associated with an early diastolic murmur? A. Long QT syndrome type 1 B. Marfan’s syndrome C. Mitral valve prolapse D. Myotonic dystrophy E. Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome #CR

A 56 year old man presents with a history of headache. He is noted to have a loud second heart sound on auscultation. Which of the following pathologies could explain this finding? A. Aortic incompetence B. Essential hypertension C. Mechanical mitral valve replacement D. Mitral incompetence E. Postural hypotension

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A short synacthen test was performed in a 26-year-old male admitted to the ITU with multi-organ failure The results are as follows: 0 min, 300 mmol/L; 30 min, 450 mmol/L; 60 min, 390 mmol/L. What is this suggestive of? A Adrenal failure B Pituitary failure C Sepsis D Cushing’s syndrome E None of the above.

Which of the following statements are true? A Patients with Cushing’s are at increased risk of hospital-acquired infections. B Patients do not require prophylactic anticoagulation. C Following surgical removal of unilateral adrenal adenomata, cortisol supplementation is not necessary. D Nelson’s syndrome is a cause of Cushing’s disease. E Cushing’s-associated medical conditions need not be treated medically preoperatively.

هذني ملاحضات الدكتور وكال مهمات يجن بال MCQ

A 48-year-old woman has been diagnosed with essential hypertension and was commenced on treatment three months ago. She presents to you with a dry cough which has not been getting better despite taking cough linctus and antibiotics. You assess the patient’s medication history. Which of the following antihypertensive medications is responsible for the patient’s symptoms? A. Amlodipine B. Lisinopril C. Bendroflumethiazide D. Frusemide E. Atenolol

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