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1. Define:

1. Research: Is a formal work undertaken systematically to increase the volume of knowledge or to refine an existing knowledge. 2. Piloting the study: Is the process of data collection, data entry, and data analysis to find potential problems that were not considered in the study protocol. 3. Bioethics: Is a way of understanding and examining the moral aspects of biomedical research and practice. 4. Quantitative Research: Refers to the systematic investigational study. Where the researcher collects the data from the different respondents that are based on numerical figures. 5. Beneficence: Requires researchers to maximize the potential benefits to the subjects and minimize the potential risks.

2. TRUE OR FALSE

1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. T 9. F 10. T

3. Complete

1. Ethical Requirements of research: a- Valuable scientific question. b- Valid scientific methodology. c- Fair subject selection. d- Favorable risk-benefit evaluation. e- Independent review. f- Informed consent. g- Respect for enrolled subjects. 2. Types of methods of Quantitative research include: a- Survey research, b- correlation research, c- comparative research, d- Experimental research. 3. problem of qualitative studies include: a- Generates large amount of data difficult to be analyzed. b- Achieved results have general approximate characters c- More difficult to code data d- Not applicable to widely dispersed social sewing 3. The procedure design of the research should be carefully planned to produce results related to the purpose as possible. 4. Criteria of a good research: 1. Originate with a novel question or problem. 2. The main purpose of the research should be clearly defined. 3. The procedure used should be described in sufficient details to permit other researchers to repeat the research. 4. The research requires collection and interpretation of data. 5. The analysis of data should be sufficiently adequate to reveal its significance 6. High ethical standards should be applied and reported frankly. 7. Conclusion should be on the basis of data analysis and not on guessing or intuition. 8. The research should describe the limitations (restrictions) of the study. 9. Greater confidence in research is warranted if the researcher is experienced, has a goo reputation in research and is a person of integrity. 5. Requirements of Reviewing the literature include: e- Finding the keywords of the research question. f- Developing the search strategy. g- Searching Medical Electronic databases (Pub Med). h- Using key words.

4. Choose

C D D A B

5. Match

D A E C B

6. Give short account

1. Advantages of quantitative research include: a- Quantitative research is not based on the thinking. b- The data is collected and presented in the numbers. c- Based on the numbers; thus, it removes the personal bjases. d- It involves the statistics, so it is extremely accurate, e- Less time-consuming. 2- Vulnerable (or Potentially Vulnerabley Research Subjects are individual who are unable to consent. ★ Comatose people. ★ Critically ill people - ★ Mentally retarded people - ★ People with dementias/some psychiatric disease. ★ Children ★ Educationally/economically deprived people. ★ Prisoners. ★ Seriously terminally ill people. https://t.me/AMRHISHAMChannel2