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💥Important topics of Environment and Ecology for UPSC CSE Prelims Environment has 3 verticals with approx weightage as below in prelims based on last 3 years question paper trend 🟢Basics of environment and ecology (5–10%) 🟢Bio-diversity (approx 35–45%) 🟢Pollution/global warming/Climate change (approx 45–55%) The indicative list of micro-topics is as below 🔤. Climate change 1. The science of global warming 2. Evidences of global warming and climate change. 3. Important greenhouse gases. 4. Climate change From science to Politics 5.Rio Earth summit - Where it all began 6. Climate change conferences - Rio to Kyoto to Paris , Glasgow & UAE 7.International organisations, conventions - IPCC, UNFCCC etc 8. India and Paris agreement 9.National Action plan on climate change 10.Ozone depletion & current status 🔤. Sustainable development 1. Concept of sustainable development and SDG 2. Environmental impact assessment 3. Sustainable agriculture 4.Soil erosion and conservation/ Land degradation 5. Desertification 6. Energy and sustainable development 7. Related Reports and International conventions 8. Urbanisation and sustainable development 🔤. Pollution 1. Air pollution - Major pollutants, sources and effects 2. Control of air pollution, various Govt. initiatives 3. Water pollution - sources and impact of major pollutant 4. Control measures including Govt. schemes 5. Measures for cleaning of rivers - NMCG 6. Legislations related to air and water pollution 7. Other pollution - Plastic, radiation, noise, solid waste, e-waste etc 8. Legislations related to other pollution 9.Reports/conventions/summits related to pollution 🔤. Bio-diversity 1. Definition, Genes, Chromosomes, DNA 2. Types of bio diversity & Mutations 3.Bio diversity Hotspot 4. Bio-diversity depletion 5.Bio diversity conservation strategies. 6.Biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries 7.Species oriented projects 8.Domestic Bio-diversity related legislations in India 9. IUCN RED list 10. International bio diversity legislations/conventions Keep learning,keep sharing Best wishes.❤️