Surgical notes

🌽mode of infection of trematoda: 🥨1 by ingestion of raw equatic vegetables containing encysted metacercaria 🥬🥦 in Fasciola gigantica and hepatica , Fasciolopsis buski 🥨2_ by ingestion of undercooked or draw fish 🐬 containing encysted metacercaria in : heterophyes heterophyes clonorchius sinensis opisthorchius sinensis metagonimus yokogawi 🥨3_ by ingestion of raw or under cooked crabs in paragonimus westermani #تجميعات_تريماتودا #طفيليات

11_ answer a 12_ answer c 13_ answer C ( H .nana ) 14_ answer a 🥎15_ answer b 🥎16_ answer b the common bile duct is habitat for the following 1_ Fasciola gigantica 2_ Fasciola hepatica 3_ clonorchius sinensis 4_ opisthorchius sinensis 17_ answer d the malaria paroxysom occurs at one of the following 1_ at end of the schizogony cycle 2_ at the end of erythrocytic schizogony cycle 3_ once scynchronus rupture of erythrocytic shizontes 4_ due to release of the merozoites and residual erythrocytes debris and there pigments into circulation 🎾18 answer c ⛳️suppressive drugs , blood schizobticides (clinical cure ) are 1_ quinine 2_ chloroquine (4_amino quinololine ) 3_ mefloquine 4_artimesinine ⛳️causal prophylactic drugs are 1_ pyrmithamine 2_ primaquine 3_ proguanil ⛳️ tissue phase schizonticidal (antirelapse drugs . radical cure) 8_ aminoquinolone ( primaquine) ⛳️gamitocidal 8_ aminoquinolone (primaquine) ⛳️sporonticidal (proguanil and pyrimethamine ) 🥎19 answer a classification of hydatid cyst accourding to ⚽️shape 1_ unilocular 👉 cyst of Echinoccocus granulosus 2_ alveolar 👉cyst of Echinoccocus multilocularis 3_ polycystic ⚽️ accourding to development 1_endogenous 2_ exogenous 3_metastatic ⚽️ accourding to production of scolices 1_ cephalocystic 2_acephalocystic ⚽️ accourding to fertility 1_fertile cyst 2_ sterile cyst 🥎20 answer b 🥎21_ answer b in both Taenia solium and hymenolepis Nana the man act as both a definitive and an intermediate host #طفيليات

1) ( A) infective stage of Plasmodium 👉🏻 for Human :- Sporozoites 👉🏻 For Mosquito:- Gametocyte _____ 2) ( B) 👉🏻 Plasmodium vivax and ovale associated with relapse 👉🏻 plasmodium falciparum, Malare is associated with Recrudescence __ 3)( B) Black water fever Is Autoimmune reaction in response to repeated attack of P. Falciparum Antibodies against RBS Leads to Heamaturia and heamglobenuria and so Called Black water fever ( one of Falciparum Complications) __ 4) malaria Recrudescence :- ( A) 👉🏻 relapse :- activation of Hypnozoites in the Liver 👉🏻 recrudescence: reactivation of The erythrocytic stage ___ 5) mugli and Tilapia is 2nd intermediate host for Hytrophyes Hytrophyes ______ 6) ( b) Is infective stage of All trematoda Echinococcus infective stage egg for dog , larva for human ( Hydatid cyst) __ 7) Halzoun ( مكرر) :- C __ 8) ( B ) to avoid Disintegration and therfore internal Autoinfection which leads to cysticercosis ____ 9 ( C ) _ 10 (b) 👉🏻D.H harbours Sexual or Adult stage 👉🏻 I.H harbours asexual or Larval stage #طفيليات

about cercaria in trematoda 🏹 microcercous cercaria means has knob __ like tail belong to paragonimus westermani 🏹lephocercus cercaria means tail with membrane belongs to heterophyes heterophyes 🏹 leptoocercus cercaria means simple tail belongs to Fasciola gigantica #تريماتودا #تجميعات_طفيليات

14 ingestion of egg of Taenia solium lead to cysticercosis ✅ 16 the largest cestoda is the Taenia saginata 👉up to 20 M 17 internal autoinfection accour do to tainia solium but retroinfection due to Enterobius vermicularis 18 the liver 70٪ lung 24% kidney 3% bone 2% brain 1% 19 _ the fate of the hydatid cyst as the following the small cyst causes no symptoms the large cyst causes 1_ pressure necrosis of surrounding tissue 2_ if cyst is diyed laed to allergic symptoms 3_ if cyst is rupture lead to anaphylactic shock 4 _ if cyst germinal layer is disseminated lead to formation of new cysts 20 classification of hydatid cyst accourding to ⚽️shape 1_ unilocular 👉 cyst of Echinoccocus granulosus 2_ alveolar 👉cyst of Echinoccocus multilocularis 3_ polycystic ⚽️ accourding to development 1_endogenous 2_ exogenous 3_metastatic ⚽️ accourding to production of scolices 1_ cephalocystic 2_acephalocystic ⚽️ accourding to fertility 1_fertile cyst 2_ sterile cyst 21 medical treatment of hydatid cyst use the following 1_ albendazole 400 mg twice daily for 4 weeks repeated 2 weeks for 12 cycle 2_ praziquantel 40 mg /kg daily for 15 days in the followings 1_ inoperable cysts 2_ preliminary to surgical removal or aspiration 3_ following surgery note the cysts in bone and those if E. multilocularis is appear to be resistant 22_ Schistosomulum is the cercaria after it loses its tail out and then goes by lymphatic system or veins to the right side of the heart , lungs then the systemic circulation finally the portal circulation where it becomes adult 23 sporogony cycle accours in the stomach of the female anophaline mosquito but the schizogony cycle accour in liver and RBCs of man 24 recrudescence in malaria means a recurrence of symptoms due to persistence or parasites in circulation 24 answer 1 25 Cold , Hot ,Sweating 26 relapse accour with bite of infected female anophaline mosquito relapse doesn't accour with 1_ blood transfusion 2_ injection by contaminated syringes 3_ congenital transmission 27 paroxysom accour every 1_ 48 hours in plasmodium vivax and ovale 2_ 72 hours in plasmodium malaria 3 _ 36___ 48 hour in plasmodium falciparum #طفيليات

1) Infected stage of Fasciola Gigentica is* Encysted metacercaria* 👉🏻 the Infective stage of All trematoda is (cercaria ) ✨Encysted metacercaria in : Fasciola hepatica, Gigentica ... Hetrophyes hertrophyes , Pargaonimus... ✨Furcocercous cercariae in Schistosoma _____ 2) Hepatomegaly found in the following except :- *Pargaonimus* a) Fasciola gigentica b) Schistosoma C) Pargaonimus d)Hydatid cyst 👉🏻 Pargaonimus infect the lung only ✨ Schistosoma in the (stage of Invasionl ) has an Inflammatory reaction in skin " Dermatitis and papular Eruptiom" , Lung " Pnemonitis ,Liver " Enlarged and tender , in addetion to Urtecria , fever and Eosioophillia due to metabolites .. _____ 3) Halzon Disease is caused by the following Except:- a) ingestion of fresh raw liver containing Adult Fasciola . b)ingestion of Infected viscera containing the nymph of Linguatula serrata. c) ingestion of infected Viscera containing the Adult of Linguatula serrata d) A&B e) Non of the Above Answer is :- *C* Halzoun : Buccopharyngeal infection of Humen 👉🏻 Linguatula serrata :- Difinitive Host is the Dog ( Containing Adult Stage ) Habitat:- Nasel and respiratory passage . Egg in nasel mucus ,saliva, feces Ingested by Sheep >> larva in the Viscera Nymph :- means ( طور ما بعد اليرقة ) Halzoun then caused by :- Adult Fasciola, Nymph ( larva ) of Linguatula serrata [ Adult infect Dog] _ 4) Hetrophyes Hytrophyes Is *Trematode* ✨Infect Human ( D.H) and Fish-eating animals ✨By eating Raw or undercooked " Fseekh " containing Encysted metacercaria ✨Fseekh : type of Fish Mugil ( Boury ) and Tilapia ( Bolty ) __ 5) All of the Following infect man by uncooked Fish Except : a) Hetrophyes Hytrophyes b) clonorchis Sinensis c) Metagonimus Yokogawai d) Fasciolopsis Buski Answer: *D* 👉🏻 Fasciolopsis Buski [ MOI :- By Ingestion id raw water Plant ) 👉🏻Fish of Clonorchis and Metagonimus is Crypinoid ____ 6) Main agent of Pathology of Schistosoma is ? 👉🏻Answer :- Egg Through either invasion , Deposition ( Acute stage ) , tissue reaction ( Chronic stage ) _____ 7) Acute stage of Intestinal Bilharziasis except ? Answer is Acitis 👉🏻 Intestinal Bilharziasis: abdominal pain , Dysentery, Fistuls _ 8) All characters belong to S.heamatobium except Answer: Has no spine Its Egg has terminal spine __ 9) To detect Active infection of Bilharziasis we use :- 👉🏻Detecting of Circulating Adult Schistosomiasis Antigens in tge Sreum or Urine _ 9) to treat Urinary Bilharziasis we use : Answer :- Praziquantal single oral dose of 40mg/Kg ...... Or metrifonate ( 10mg/ kg) every other week for 3 doses Or Niridazole :- 25 mg/kg for 5 days _ 11) All the following belong to Man Intestinal Parasites except :- Answer: Echinococcus granulosa 👉🏻 It Difinitive Host is the Dog , in human ( Hydatid cyst ) _____ Which of the Following in man act as A D.H and I.H : Answer is : H.nana and Taenia solium 👉🏻 H.nana as a I.H :- Iived embaded in the villi 👉🏻 t.Solium :- Causing Cysticercosis _ 13) Ingestion of Cysticercus Cellulosa causes :- Answer :-Tainiasis >> Adult T. Solium by ingestion larva cause Tianiasis ( D.H) >> Larva : by egg ..causing Cysticercosis ( I. H) #طفيليات

تعديل في كتاب سامي الشيخ للذي ما حضر معا الدكتور bilharzial Cor pulmonale is more common with S. mansoni ✅ but S . haematopium ❎ #طفيليات

all the following lead to dysentery 1 Schistosoma 2 entamoeba histolytica 3 balantidium coli 4 malaria 5 leishmania #طفيليات #تجميعات

بعض الملاحظات من كتاب سامي الشيخ ركز عليها الدكتور قوي في شرح موضوع الديدان الشريطية (cestoda ) in cestoda 1_the scolex of the cyclophyliidea attached to the mucoas by cup shaped suckers but in the pseudophyliidea by the grooves ( botheria ) 2_ the genital pore in cyclophyliidia open at the margin but in the pseudophyliidea at the ventral surface 3_ the nutrition in the cestoda accour by diffusion 4_ there's no body cavity no alimentary canal in the cestoda 6_ the cirrus sac receive the seminal vesicle open to the common genital atrium 7_ hydatid cyst is the larva of the Echinoccocus granulosus cysticercus cellulosae is the larva of the tenia solium coenurus cerebralis is the larva of multiceps multiceps sparagnum (plerocercoid ) is the larva diphyllobotherium mansoni or D. proliferum 8_ in both Taenia solium and hymenolepis Nana the man act as both a definitive and an intermediate host 9_ Taenia saginata is the beef tape worm Taenia solium is the pork tape worm hymenolepis Nana is the dwarf tape worm hymenolepis diminuta is the rat tape worm dipylidium caninum is the dog tape worm diphyllobotherium latum is the broad tape worm or the fish tape worm 10_ the specific diagnosis of the Taenia saginata is made from the 15__13 lateral uterine branches but in Taenia solium they 7__13 11_ eggs of both Taenia saginata and solium are characterized by radially striated shell 12 bladder worm is the name for larva of Taenia saginata ( the cysticercus bovis ) but the bladder like worm is the name for larva of hymenolepis Nana (cysticercoid ) 13_ egg of Taenia saginata is stained by ziehl neelsen stain but egg of Taenia solium is not stained 14 the durg of choice for the Taenia solium is the atebrine ( 10 tablets ) 15 the praziquantel and yomesan (niclosamide) are contraindicated in treatment of Taenia solium 16 in villi of small intestine of man present the larva of hymenolepis Nana ( cercocystic cysticercoid larvae ) 17 treatment of all family at the same time is necessary in both infection by hymenolepis Nana and Enterobius vermicularis 18 the worm that has rosette shape uterus is the diphyllobotherium latum 19 the diagnostic stage of the dipylidium caninum is the egg capsules 20 the infective stage of the diphyllobotherium latum is the plerocercoid larva 21 the worm that associated with pernicious anemia is the diphyllobotherium latum 22 in diphyllobotherium latum the first intermediate host is fresh water crustacean called cyclops or diaptomus harboring the procercoid larva but the second is fresh water fish as salmon harboring the plerocercoid larva 23 the eggs of diphyllobotherium latum are opperculted wit thick sell 24 only calcified cysts are detected by the X Ray but both calcified and uncalcified are detected by C.T and MRI and ultra sound 25 cysticercosis is cused by the cysticercus cellulose (the larva of Taenia solium) 26 hydatid disease or hydatidosis is cused by the hydatid cyst (larva stage of Echinoccocus granulosus) 27 hydatid fluid conain toxins and salts and enzymes 28 the smallest type worm is the Echinoccocus granulosus 29 the itradermal test of Echinoccocus granulosus is called casoni test #طفيليات

Intermediate host of all trematoda : 1- faciola gigantica 👉 lymnaea cailliaudi 🐌 2- faciola hepatica👉 lymnaea truncatula 🐌 3- clonorchis sinensis & opisthorchis sinensis ( 2 I.H) 1st 👉 Bulimus 🐌 (مش موجود في الكتاب بس الدكتور ذكره في المحاضره) 2nd 👉 cyprinoid fish 🐠 4- Heterophyes Heterophyes ( 2 I.H) 1st 👉 pirenella conica 🐌 2nd 👉 Mugil ( Boury) & tilapia (bolty) 🐠 🐠 5- metagonimus yokogawai (2 I.H) 1st 👉 melania spp. 🐌 2nd 👉 cyprinoid fish 🐠 6- faciolopsis buski 👉 segmentina spp. 🐌 7- Paragonimus westermani (2 I.H) 1st 👉 semisulcospira 🐌 2nd 👉 fresh-water crabs 🦀 8- schistosoma spp. -S. heamtobium 👉 Bulinus truncatus 🐌 -S. Mansoni 👉 Biomphalaria alexandrina 🐌 - S. Japonicum 👉 onchomelania 🐌

تعديلات على الاجابات السابقه: 44-d 11-c 28-b 48-c

🔅يتبع حل اسئلة اختبار الدفعه 33 طفيليات: 40- The life cycle of plasmodium passes in the following stages except: a) sexual cy cle in mosquto b) erythrocytic schizogony cycle in human. C)exo-erythrocytic schizogony cycle in mosquiso. d) asexual schizogony cycle in human. 41- The following statements concerning fascioliasis are correct except: a) adults mey create more pathogenesis than larvae b) the iafective stage is encysted metacercaria c) larvae may lead to more pathogenic effects than adulis d) none of all 42- One of the following parasites has migratory phase in human's lung: a) Entercbius vermicularis b) Trichuris trichiura C)Ascaris lun bercoides d) pin worm 43- Nocturnal enuresis in children is commonly caused by: a) Trichuris trichiura. b)Ascaris lumbercoides C)Enterobius vermicularis. d)Hymenolepis nana. e) none of the above. 44- Heterophyes heterophyes differs from Metagonimus yokogawai: a)big size b)a cuticle without spines c) the presence of gerital sucker d)all cfthe above e) none of all 45-The following organisms could cause autolhfection except: A) Taenia solium b)Humenalepis ana c) trichuris trichiura d) Enterobius vermiculeris 46-Bilharzial granulomais due to: A) toxin of parasite b)eggs in tissue c) tissue changes and haemorraage d) pulmonary hypertension 47- Parasitic infection that complicated by rectal prolapse Is: a)Trichunasis. b) Oxyuriasis. e) Ascariasis. d) none of the above. e) all of the above. 48- For the treatment of Taenia solium, Yomesan is avoided because: a) it is given in one single dose. b) it causes nausea& vomiting. C)it disintegrates the worm segments. d) it is toxic. 49- Urban cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by: a) L. tropica b) L. major c) L. recidivans d) L. mexicana 50- Ingestion of meat infected with cysticercus cellulosa eresults in: a) cysticercosis. b) Hymenolepiasis nana. c) Taeniasis solium. d) Taeniasis saginata. Answers: 40-c 41-a 42-c 43-c 44-c 45-c 46-b 47-a 48-b 49-a 50-c #اللجنة_العلمية #مجموعة_المايكرو

🔅يتبع حل اسئلة اختبار الدفعه 33 طفيليات 31- the following parasite are oviparous except: A-ascaris lumbrecoides B-trichuris trichuria C-trichinela spirlais D-enterobius vermicularis 32-giardia lambila are particularly inhabit the : A-doudenum B-bile duct C-jejunum D-ileum E-all the above 33- No malarial relapse take place when the infection is transmitted via: A-bite of anopheles species B-blood transfusion C-bite of female anopheles D-bite of male anopheles 34- In amobeasis the most valuable method of localization liver abcess is: A-immunological test B-radiography C-aspiration D-ultrasonography 35-The following statements concerning hepatic amobeasis are correct except: A-liver tenderness B-fever C-sever dysentry D-weight loss 36-The following statements concerning plasmodium vivax are true except: A-it has no adhesion phenomena B-presence of the liver hypnozoite C-it is associated with relapse D-it cause quadrant malaria 37-sporogony cycle take place in: A-human red blood cell B- female anophele C-liver tissue D-non of them 38-hepatosplenomegaly in viceral leishmaniasis is due to: A-portal hypertension B-liver fibrosis C-R. E proliferation D-non of the above 39-plasmodium falciparum infect patient are more resistance to the treatment by: A-primaqunie B-qunine C-chloroquine D-mefloquine E-fansidar Answeres: 31-c 32-A 33-B 34-D 35-c 36-d 37-b 38-c 39-c #اللجنة_العلمية #مجموعة_المايكرو

🔅يتبع حل اسئلة اختبار الدفعه 33 لمادة الطفيليات: 22- infection by the following is associated with prolonged fever : A-heterophyte heterophyte B-Ascaris lumbercoides C-paragonimus westermani D-fasciola gigantica 23-The following organism can be transmitted to the human eating undercooked meat except: A- Taenia saginata B- hymenolepis nana C-Taenia solium D-Dipylidium canium 24-excystation of giardia lambila cyst: A-doudenum B-jejunum C-ileum D-cecum E-all the above 25-All of the following membered parasite may cause appendicitis except: A- tania saginata B-enterobius vermicularis C-shistosoma mansoni D-trichuris trichuria 26.The following require two intermediate host except: A-clonorichis sinesis B-heterophytes heterophytes C-taenia saginata D-metagonimus yokogami E-paragominus westermani 27-bilharzial cor pulmonale is due to: A-eggs of schistosoma in the lungs B-pulmomary hypertension C-right heart caediomegaly D-all of the above E- non of the above 28- infection by the following organism is complicated by acute peritonitis: A-trichuris trichuria B-Ascaris lumbrecoides C- hymenolepis nana D-hetrophytes heterophytes 29- which of the following worm is without cycle outside the human body: A- ascaris lumbrecoides B-enterobius vermicularis C-Taenia saginata D-trichuris trichuria 30-all the family members should be treated at the same times except: A-taeniasis B-oxyuriasis C-hymenolepis nana D-pin worm infection Answeres: 22- d 23-d 24-A 25-c 26-c 27-D 28-D 29-b 30-a #اللجنة_العلمية #مجموعة_المايكرو #يتبع_البقية 👇

🔅اسئلة نموذج اختبار الدفعه 33 مع الحل لمادة الطفيليات : 👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇 1. The locomotion of entamobea histolytica occurs by : 1- pseudopodia 2-exflagellation 3-cillia 4-flagellae 2-sever infection by the following parasites leading to diarrhea except : A- Hymenolepis nana B-Hetrophytes hetrophytes C-trichuris trichuria D-Giardia lambila 3-The following statement concerning S.haematobium are correct except: A-schistosoma hematobium egg have no spine B-recurrent haematouria C-egg in the urine is diagnostic D-bladder cancer 4-The following helminth belong to the cestode except: A-Diphyllobothrium latam B-Hetrophyte hetrophyte C-Tania solium D-Hymenolepis nana 5-The following are associated with hepatomegaly except: A-fasciola gigantica B-paragominus westermani C-leishmania donovani D-shistosoma mansoni 6-loeffler syndrome is caused by : A- schistosoma haematobium B-Trichuris trichuria C-Enterobius vermicularis D-non of the above 7-The pathological changes in schistosomiasis is caused by : A-adult worm B-immature eggs C-mature eggs D-cercaria 8-The infective stage of palsmodium to anopheles mosquito: A-gametocytes B-early trophozoite C-late trophozoite D-sporozoite E-schiznt 9-Human is infected with opisthorichis through : A- ingestion of the egg B-eating infected uncooked fish C-eating of the infected liver D-ingestion of the encysted metacercaria 10-the following statements concerning trichonomas vaginalis are correct except: A- it is transmitted sexually B-it causes bloody diarrhea C-it can be diagnosed by visualizing the trophozoite D-it can be treated by metronidazole 11-Malabsorption seen in giardiasis is mostlikely due to ) insolubility the proteins and fats. b) poor enzymatic activity. e) damage to the microvillus border. d) mechanical barrier to absorption. e) none of them. 12- Taenia solium is more dangerous than Taenia saginata because a) it has an arranged scolex b) it has fewer uterine branches than T.saginata. man can be infected as an intermediate host by eating the eggs of T.solium. d) the cyst or larva form ingested from pork is more potent than the cyst form beef 13- Which of the following describes the best concerning the infective stage of fasciola eneysted metacercaria on aquatie plants. b) adult faciola in liver. c) encysted metacercaria on cattle meet. d) Leptocercus cercaria. 14. The snail that has the ability to ingest the parasite's egg is Semisulcospira. b) Bulinus. c)Lymnea. d) Pirenella. 15- The parasites commonly infect childten are the folowing except a) Heterbes heleroshas b) Aicaris lamhrikoides C) Boumeralenis pena d)Schistoscma mantoni ey Ererobisvemiculeis- 16-N.I.H. swapisused for the diagnosiso a) Whip worm infection Oxyuriasis c) Trichuriasis d) Ascariasis 17- Thefollowing parasites could be transmitted th rough the skin except a) Schistosoma. b) Taenia. c) Leislmania, v d) Plasmodium.X 18- The habitat of Opisthcrchis sinensis is the a bile ducts. b) blood vessels of liver. c) intestine. d) liver parenchyma. 19-One of the following organisms is commonly associated with a steatorrhea a) Entamoeba histolytica b) Giardia lamblia. c) Iodamoeha butschli. d) Endolimax nana. 20- The classic mode of human infection by Leishmania donovani is a) blood transfusion. b) congenital. c) biological. mechanical. e) none of the above. 21- Parasite thathas furcocercus cercaria le a) Heterophves heterophves b) Schistosoma haematobium )Easciola hepatica d) Paragonimus westermani Answer: 1-a 2-c 3-a 4-b 5-b 6-d 7-c 8-a 9-b 10-b 11-d 12-c 13-a 14-d 15-a 16-b 17-b 18-a 19-b 20-c 21-b #اللجنة_العلمية #مجموعة_المايكرو #يتبع_البقية👇

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