English Knowledge

🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼 30 Short Notes std. 12 🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼

6.Strike Against War ============================== 🎙(1) 1. The complaints and protest go unheard. How? Ans. According to Helen Keller, the complaints and protests of workers are curbed under the voice of authority. They address the workers as friends and patriots and the workers are trapped in by the sweet words. 2. How are the workers frightened? Ans. The workers are frightened in the name of their country being in danger. The authority people always keep them under pressure that the enemies are close by and when their country is in danger, their lives also will be in danger. 🎙(2) 1. How many languages could Helen Keller read? Ans. Helen Keller could read as many as four languages. 2. What did Helen Keller want to say about editors? Ans. Helen Keller wanted to say about the editors that they were an overworked and misunderstood class. 🎙(3) 1. Write names of the seas mentioned in this paragraph. Ans. The seas mentioned in the paragraph are : the Pacific ocean and the Atlantic ocean. 2. What does the author advise people? Ans. The author advises people to quit their grumbling, get busy and prepare to defend their firesides and their flag. 🎙(4) 1. What do the workers face daily? Ans. Daily the workers face the dangers of railroad, bridge, skyscraper, freight train, stokehold, stockyard and training at the docks, on the railroads and underground and on the seas. 2. What do the workers get as reward? Ans. The workers get a scanty wage, poverty, rents, taxes, tributes and war compensations as their reward. 🎙 (5) 1. What are the workers aware of? Ans. The workers know that their only enemies are their masters. They know that their citizenship papers are no warrant for the safety of their wives and children. They also know that in spite of their honest, persistent toil, they have got nothing worth fighting for. 2. Why does Helen Keller say that the workers have foolish hearts? Ans. Helen Keller says that even though the workers know they have no reason to fight for their masters or for the country (which actually does not belong to them), they believe they are a country and are ready to make sacrifices. 🎙 (6) 1. How far are they not free, according to Helen Keller? Ans. According to Helen Keller, they are not free till the men who frame and execute the laws represent the interests of the lives of the people and no other interest. 2. Why does Helen Keller say, "There has never existed a truly free and democratic nation in the world"? Ans. Helen Keller says, "There has never existed a truly free and democratic nation in the world" because from a very long time, men have followed the strong men with power of money and of armies with blind loyalty. 🎙 (7) 1. What kind of preparedness is expected from the workers? Ans. The kind of preparedness the workers want is reorganization and reconstruction of their whole life. 2. What did the Germans do to raise good soldiers? Ans. The Germans made provisions of the essentials of civilization : decent lodging, clean streets, wholesome if scanty food, proper medical care and proper safeguards for the workers in their occupations. With these provisions only good soldiers could be raised. 🎙 (8) 1. To whom is Helen Keller addressing? Ans. Helen Keller is addressing the editors. 2. What do some people and editors think? Ans. Some people and editors think that Helen Keller is in the hands of unprincipled persons who would make her a mouthpiece of propaganda. 🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼 std. 12 Short Questions

5. Ants ================== 🐜 (1) 1. Why did the ants seem to have been defeated? Ans. The ants were trying to come up the pit with the burden of food. The way was completely smooth and steep. There were no footholds. The ants came up to those points and their progress stopped there. They seemed to have been defeated. 2. What did one of them do? Ans. One of them who could somehow manage to reach the top, was immediately met by a number of ants from the anthill. She conveyed the message to them. 🐜 (2) 1. Which type of ants keep other ants as slaves? Ans. Powerful red ants, found in Europe, keep other ants as slaves. 2. Why do the red ants ambush the nests of the black ants? Ans. The red ants ambush the nests of black ants to get slaves for themselves. 🐜 (3) 1. What is the benefit of driver ants to the villagers? Ans. Driver ants enter the villagers' houses. Then the villagers being afraid of them leave their houses and stay in the forest. They come back when the ants have passed. That time they find that every insect and spider in the house has been cleared away. 2. What happens with the arrival of driver ants? Ans. With the arrival of driver ants, the people flee into the forest and stay there until the ants have passed. 🐜 (4) 1. Which are the most ferocious kind of ants? Ans. The most ferocious kind of ants are the 'driver' ants of Africa. 2. Find out the meaning from the passage which means 'eat hungrily'. Ans. 'Eat hungrily' = 'Devour' 🐜 (5) 1. What has science discovered about ant life? Ans. Science has discovered about ant life that the intelligence of ants is very close to human intelligence. 2. Pick out the correct synonym for 'adeptness' from the following : (a) intelligence (b) attachment (c) expertise Ans. The synonym for 'adeptness' is 'expertise'. 🐜 (6) 1. How do some ants domesticate cows? Ans. Greenflies are milk-giving cows for some ants. They take these greenflies to their nests and keep them there. They feed them, protect them from their enemies and milk them. 2. How do the ants 'milk' greenflies? Ans. Greenflies give out a sweet, honey-like liquid which the ants relish a lot. The ants press their sides gently and make them give out their honey. Thus, they milk greenflies, i.e. , cows for them. 🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼 std. 12 Short Questions

4. The Adjustment ================================= 🌹 (1) 1. What are Nana and Nani compared with for their quibbling? Ans. Nana and Nani are compared with two freshly married lovers who are trying to discover each other. 2. What did petty quarrels between Nana and Nani result into? Ans. The petty quarrels between Nana and Nani often resulted into their long silence. They would stop talking with each other for days together. 🌹 (2) 1. What does the term 'impressionable' in the passage suggest? Ans. In this passage the term 'impressionable' is used as the adjective of 'age'. It means 'receptive' or 'vulnerable'. 2. What was Nani's firm decision when their son-in-law got remarried? Ans. When their son-in-law got remarried and came into the house with his new wife, Nani firmly decide that she would no more stay in that house and leave it with her two grand-children for ever even if Nana stayed on in the house. 🌹 (3) 1. What was Nana's reaction when the urn of ashes was taken to him? Ans. When the urn of Nani's ashes was taken to Nana before taking it for immersion, Nana just touched the urn and said, "Take him away.... all my life he just kept fighting with me." 2. What 'shift' was gradual? Ans. Nana was changing into Nani. He had started assuming himself as Nani and started behaving in the way as Nani behaved. But the change was not so apparent. It was gradual. 🌹 (4) 1. How was Nana living a double life? Ans. Nana did not perceive Nani as dead. He started living more of her life and less of him. He began to think himself as Nani. Thus he was living a double life. 2. Which activities did Nana started doing as Nani had been doing? Ans. Assuming himself as Nani, whatever happened, it happened to her. She needed to be fed. She was the one who felt thirsty. She also felt pain, and took medicines. He swallowed the pills on her behalf. 🌹 (5) 1. How did the writer feel after coming back home? Ans. After coming back home, the writer felt quite unburdened and a lot less worried. 2. Where was Nana sleeping? Ans. Nana was sleeping in Nani's bed wearing Nani's dhoti and blouse. 🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼 std. 12 Short Questions

3. Manage Your Stress (Read:1) ===================================== 🌻 (1) 1. What happens when life becomes too hectic? Ans. When life becomes too hectic, we feel mentally tied in knots. 2. Which thing shows us the way out of our current problems? Ans. Only optimism shows us the way out of our current problems. 🌻 (2) 1. How does our mental power make us powerful? Ans. Our mental capacities help us to concentrate, to take in new information and to be in a position to think logically. 2. Why do we need our mental capacity? Ans. We need our mental capacity to study, to work and to impose a constructive and workable order on our life. It also helps us to make rational day to day decisions. 🌻 (3) 1. What is our mind, according to the writer? Ans. According to the writer, our mind is our rational, logical part that helps us to make unemotional choices, to store and retrieve information and to order to calculate. 2. How do emotions sometimes fail our mental capacity? Ans. At the time of exam, our mental capacity has retained what we have revised, but when we enter the exam room, we start anticipating difficulties and that fear of imaginary failure makes us forget all the carefully stored information. 🌻 (4) 1. What happens when emotions take us over? Ans. When emotions take us over, it becomes nearly impossible to think clearly and we start taking unwise decisions or to agree to something which is not advantageous to us. 2. What does Screen Exercise show? Ans. The Screen Exercise shows us how to step back and emotionally detach ourselves from our current situation to see the happenings more clearly. 🌻 (5) 1. When will the situation resolve itself? Ans. If one keep one's aim firmly in mind, the situation will look after itself and one has not to worry about it. 2. What will lead to the desired results? Ans. If one stays focused on a positive outcome, one can think more clearly and make better decisions, which will eventually lead to the desired results. 🌻 (6) 1. In what ways does the mind help us? Ans. Mind helps us to make unemotional choices, to store and to retrieve information and to order and calculate. 2. How is the mind? Ans. Our mind is the rational, logical part of human being. 🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼 3. Stress Control Exercises (Read:2) ========================================= 🌺 (1) 1. What could be one of the factors for being stressed and not being able to concentrate properly? Ans. One of the factors for being stressed is not breathing deeply enough to supply our brain with sufficient Oxygen. 2. What kind of breathing do we have when we are stressed? Ans. When we are stressed, using only the top part of our lungs. 3. What is the reason of being stressed, according to the writer? Ans. According to the writer, the reason of being stressed is that we don't breathe deeply enough to supply our brain with sufficient oxygen. 4. What should we do to get oxygen into the brain? Ans. To get oxygen into the brain, we should deepen our breathing. 🌺 (2) 1. What kind of exercise is suggested in the passage? Ans. The exercise suggested in the passage is pressing our head step by step from the front hairline of our head to its back. 2. What does the word 'crown' in this passage suggest? Ans. The word 'crown' in this passage suggests the middle-top part of our head. 🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼 std. 12 Short Questions

2. Unforgettable Walt Disney =============================== 🍁 (1) 1. What do the writer and publishers think about Walt? Ans. The writer and publishers think that Walt is a genius with an extraordinary ability to add an extra stroke of imagination to any story or idea. 2. The bankers think that Walt ....... . Ans. The bankers think that Walt is a wild man, hell-bent for bankruptcy. 🍁 (2) 1. How much money did Walt earn from his sketch? Ans. From his sketch, Walt earned a nickle, i.e. , US 5-cent coin. 2. Where did Walt start his animated-cartoon company? Ans. Walt started his animated-cartoon company in Kansas city. 🍁 (3) 1. Where did Walt sketch his first animals? Ans. Walt sketched his first animals in the apple orchard and weeping willows at their old farm. 2. For whom would Uncle Mike blow his whistle? Ans. Uncle Mike would blow his whistle - one long and two shorts - for Walt and his brother, Roy. 🍁 (4) 1. When did Walt's mouse, Mickey celebrate his 40th birthday? Ans. Walt's mouse, Mickey celebrated his 40th birthday in 1968. 2. How many people watched a Disney TV show? Ans. 100 million people watched a Disney TV show. 🍁 (5) 1. How did Walt convert his misfortune in an advantage? Ans. Walt became solvent in his business. He took it as a chance to develop other ideas. He developed Mineral Kind, a California Institute of Art and Disney World and City of Tomorrow in Florida. 2. What is Walt's contribution toward the development of California Institute of Art? Ans. For his California Institute of Art, he donated the land and several million dollars. 🍁 (6) 1. Where did Walt start a little animated-cartoon company? Ans. Walt started a little animated- cartoon company in Kansas city. 2. Why did Walt borrow some money from an uncle? Ans. Walt borrowed some money from his uncle to start a cartoon series called Alice in Cartoonland. 🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼 std. 12 Short Questions

1. Can You Install LOVE ? ============================ 🌸 (1) 1. What is the customer's problem, according to the Customer Service Representative? Ans. According to the Customer Service Representative, the customer finds error because the LOVE program is set up to run on external HEARTS instead of on her HEART. 2. How can the customer solve the error? Ans. The customer can solve the error by loving her own machine before it can love others. 🌸 (2) 1. What programmes are running now? Ans. Right now PASTHURT.EXE, LOWESTEEM.EXE, GRUDGE.EXE and RESENTMENT.COM are running. 2. Pick out the correct synonym for 'interrupt' from the following : (a) current (b) disrupt (c) erase Ans. The correct synonym for 'interrupt' is : 'disrupt'. 🌸 (3) 1. Which files should the customer click on and copy them to 'MYHEART' directory? Ans. The customer should click on and copy the following files to the 'MYHEART' directory : FORGIVESELF.COM, SELFESTEEM.TXT, REALIZEWOETH.TXT and GOODNESS.DOC. 2. What do you understand from the phrase 'Got it. Hey !'? Ans. 'Hey !' is an expression to indicate 'Happiness' or 'Satisfaction'. Here after receiving the files, the customer happy and exclaims 'Got it, Hey !' 🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼 std. 12 Short Questions

6.Strike Against War (1) 1. The complaints and protest go unheard. How? Ans. According to Helen Keller, the complaints and protests of workers are curbed under the voice of authority. They address the workers as friends and patriots and the workers are trapped in by the sweet words. 2. How are the workers frightened? Ans. The workers are frightened in the name of their country being in danger. The authority people always keep them under pressure that the enemies are close by and when their country is in danger, their lives also will be in danger. (2) 1. How many languages could Helen Keller read? Ans. Helen Keller could read as many as four languages. 2. What did Helen Keller want to say about editors? Ans. Helen Kellet wanted to say about the editors that they were an overworked and misunderstood class. (3) 1. Write names of the seas mentioned in this paragraph. Ans. The seas mentioned in the paragraph are : the Pacific ocean and the Atlantic ocean. 2. What does the author advise people? Ans. The auhor advises people to quit their grumbling, get busy and prepare to defend their firesides and their flag. (4) 1. What do the wokers face daily? Ans. Daily the workers face the dangers of railroad, bridge, skyscraper, freight train, stokehold, stockyard and training at the docks, on the railroads and underground and on the seas. 2. What do the workers get as reward? Ans. The workers get a scanty wage, poverty, rents, taxes, tribiutes and war compensations as their reward. (5) 1. What are the workers aware of? Ans. The workers know that their only enemies are their masters. They know that their citizenship papers are no warrent for the safety of their wives and children. They also know that in spite of their honest, persistent toil, they have got nothing worth fighting for. 2. Why does Helen Keller say that the workers have foolish hearts? Ans. Helen Keller says that even though the workers know they have no reason to fight for their masters or for the country (which actually does not belong to them), they believe they are a country and are ready to make sacrifices. (6) 1. How far are they not free, according to Helen Keller? Ans. According to Helen Keller, they are not free till the men who frame and execute the laws represent the interests of the lives of the people and no other interest. 2. Why does Helen Keller say, "There has never existed a truly free and democrtatic nation in the world"? Ans. Helen Keller says, "There has never existed a truly free and democratic nation in the world" because from a very long time, men have followed the strong men with power of money and of armies with blind loyalty. (7) 1. What kind of preparedness is expected from the workers? Ans. The kind of preparedness the workers want is reorganisation and reconstruction of their whole life. 2. What did the Germans do to raise good soldiers? Ans. The Germans made provisions of the essentials of civilization : decent lodging, clean streets, wholesome if scanty food, proper medical care and proper safeguards for the workers in their occupations. With these provisions only good soldiers could be raised. (8) 1. To whom is Helen Keller addressing? Ans. Helen Keller is addressing the editors. 2. What do some people and editors think? Ans. Some people and editors think that Helen Keller is in the hands of unprincipled persons who would make her a mouthpiece of propaganda.

5. Ants (1) 1. Why did the ants seem to have been defeated? Ans. The ants were trying to come up the pit with the burden of food. The way was completely smooth and steep. There were no footholds. The ants came up to those points and their progress stopped there. They seemed to have been defeated. 2. What did one of them do? Ans. One of them who could somehow manage to reach the top, was immediately met by a number of ants from the anthill. She conveyed the message to them. (2) 1. Which type of ants keep other ants as slaves? Ans. Powerful red ants, found in Europe, keep other ants as slaves. 2. Why do the red ants ambush the nests of the black ants? Ans. The red ants ambush the nests of black ants to get slaves for themselves. (3) 1. What is the benefit of driver ants to the villagers? Ans. Driver ants enter the villagers' houses. Then the villagers being afraid of them leave their houses and stay in the forest. They come back when the ants have passed. That time they find that every insect and spider in the house has been cleared away. 2. What happens with the arrival of driver ants? Ans. With the arrival of dtiver ants, the people flee into the forest and stay there until the ants have passed. (4) 1. Which are the most ferocious kind of ants? Ans. The most ferocious kind of ants are the 'driver'ants of Africa. 2. Find out the meaning from the passage which means 'eat hungrily'. Ans. 'Eat hungrily' = 'Devour' (5) 1. What has science discovered about ant life? Ans. Science has discovered about ant life that the intelligence of ants is very close to human intelligence. 2. Pick out the correct synonym for 'adeptness' from the following : (a) intelligence (b) attachment (c) expertise Ans. The synonym for 'adeptness' is 'expertise'. (6) 1. How do some ants domesticate cows? Ans. Greenflies are milk-giving cows for some ants. They take these greenflies to their nests and keep them there. They feed them, protect them from their enemies and milk them. 2. How do the ants 'milk' greenflies? Ans. Greenflies give out a sweet, honey-like liquid which the ants relish a lot. The ants press their sides gently and make them give out their honey. Thus, they milk greenflies, i.e. , cows for them.

4. The Adjustment (1) 1. What are Nana and Nani compared with for their quibbling? Ans. Nana and Nani are compared with two freshly married lovers who are trying to discover each other. 2. What did petty quarrles between Nana and Nani result into? Ans. The petty quarrels between Nana and Nani often resulted into their long silence. They would stop talking with each other for days together. (2) 1. What does the term 'impressionable' in the passage suggest? Ans. In this passage the term 'impressionable' is used as the adjective of 'age'. It means 'receptive' or 'vulnerable'. 2. What was Nani's firm dicision when their son-in-law got remarried? Ans. When their son-in-law got remarried and came into the house with his new wife, Nani firmly decide that she would no more stay in that house and leave it with her two grand-children for ever even if Nana stayed on in the house. (3) 1. What was Nana's reaction when the urn of ashes was taken to him? Ans. When the urn of Nani's ashes was taken to Nana before taking it for immersion, Nana just touched the urn and said, "Take him away.... all my life he just kept fighting with me." 2. What 'shift' was gradual? Ans. Nana was changing into Nani. He had started assuming himself as Nani and started behaving in the way as Nani behaved. But the change was not so apparent. It was gradual. (4) 1. How was Nana living a double life? Ans. Nana did not perceive Nani as dead. He started living more of her life and less of him. He began to think himself as Nani. Thus he was living a double life. 2. Which activities did Nana started doing as Nani had been doing? Ans. Assuming himself as Nani, whatever happened, it happened to her. She needed to be fed. She was the one who felt thirsty. She also felt pain, and took meficines. He swallowed the pills on her behalf. (5) 1. How did the writer feel after coming back home? Ans. After coming back home, the writer felt quite unburdened and a lot less worried. 2. Where was Nana sleeping? Ans. Nana was sleeping in Nani's bed wearing Nani's dhoti and blouse.

3. Stress Exercises (1) 1. What could be one of the factors for being stressed and not being able to concentrate properly? Ans. One of the factors for being stressed is not breathing deeply enough to supply our brain with sufficient Oxygen. 2. What kind of breathing do we have when we are stressed? Ans. When we are stressed, using only the top part of our lungs. 3. What is the reason of being stressed, according to the writer? Ans. According to the writer, the reason of being stressed is that we don't breathe deeply enough to supply our brain with sufficient oxygen. 4. What should we do to get oxygen into the brain? Ans. To get oxygen into the brain, we should deepen our breathing. (2) 1. What kind of exercise is suggested in the passage? Ans. The exercise suggested in the passage is pressing our head step by step from the front hairline of our head to its back. 2. What does the word 'crown' in this passage suggest? Ans. The word 'crown' in this passage suggests the middle-top part of our head.

3. Stress Management (1) 1. What happens when life becomes too hectic? Ans. When life becomes too hectic, we feel mentally tied in knots. 2. Which thing shows us the way out of our current problems? Ans. Only optimism shows us the way out of our current problems. (2) 1. How does our mental power make us powerful? Ans. Our mental capacities help us to concentrate, to take in new information and to be in a position to think logically. 2. Why do we need our mental capacity? Ans. We need our mental capacity to study, to work and to impose a constructive and workable order on our life. It also helps us to make rational day to day decisions. (3) 1. What is our mind, according to the writer? Ans. According to the writer, our mind is our rational, logical part that helps us to make unemotional choices, to store and retrieve information and to order to calculate. 2. How do emotions sometomes fail our mental capacity? Ans. At the time of exam, our mental capacity has retained what we have revised, but when we enter the exam room, we start anticipating difficulties and that fear of imahinary failure makes us forget all the carefully stored information. (4) 1. What happens when emotions take us over? Ans. When emotions take us over, it becomes nearly impossible to think clearly and we start taking unwise decisions or to agree to something which is not advantageous to us. 2. What does Screen Exercise show? Ans. The Screen Exercise shows us how to step back and emotionally detach ourselves from our current situation to see the happenings more clearly. (5) 1. When will the situation resolve itself? Ans. If one keep one's aim firmly in mind, the situation will look after itself and one has not to worry about it. 2. What will lead to the desired results? Ans. If one stays focused on a positive outcome, one can think more clearly and make better decisions, which will eventually lead to the desired results. (6) 1. In what ways does the mind help us? Ans. Mind helps us to make unemotional choices, to store and to retrieve information and to order and calculate. 2. How is the mind? Ans. Our mind is the rational, logical part of human being.

2. Unforgettable Walt Disney (1) 1. What do the writer and publishers think about Walt? Ans. The writer and publishers think that Walt is a genious with an extraordinary ability to add an extra stroke of imagination to any story or idea. 2. The bankers think that Walt ....... . Ans. The bankers think that Walt is a wild man, hell-bent for bankruptcy. (2) 1. How much money did Walt earn from his sketch? Ans. 2. Where did Walt start animated-cartoon company? Ans. From his sketch, Walt earned a nickle, i.e. , US 5-cent coin. (3) 1. Where did Walt sketch his first animals? Ans. Walt sketched his first animals in the apple orchard and weeping willows at their old farm. 2. For whom would Uncle Mike blow his whistle? Ans. Uncle Mike would blow his whistle - one long and two shorts - for Walt and his brother, Roy. (4) 1. When did Walt's mouse, Mickey celebrate his 40th birthday? Ans. Walt's mouse, Mickey celebrated his 40th birthday in 1968. 2. How many people watched a Disney TV show? Ans. 100 million people watched a Disney TV show. (5) 1. How did Walt convert his misfortune in an advantage? Ans. Walt became solvent in his business. He took it as a chance to develop other ideas. He developed Mineral Kind, a California Institute of Art and Disney World and City of Tomorrow in Florida. 2. What is Walt's contribution toward the development of California Institute of Art? Ans. For his California Imstitite of Art, he donated the land and several million dollars. (6) 1. Where did Walt start a little animated-cartoon company? Ans. Walt started a little animated- cartoon company in Kansas city. 2. Why did Walt borrow some money ftom an uncle? Ans. Walt borrowed some money from his uncle to start a cartoon series called Alice in Cartoonland.

1. Can you install LOVE? (1) 1. What is the customer's problem, according to the Customer Service Representative? Ans. According to the Customer Service Representative, the customer finds error because the LOVE program is set up to run on external HEARTS instead of on her HEART. 2. How can the customer solve the error? Ans. The customer can solve the error by loving her own machine before it can love others. (2) 1. What programmes are running now? Ans. Right now PASTHURT.EXE, LOWESTEEM.EXE, GRUDGE.EXE and RESENTMENT.COM are running. 2. Pick out the correct synonym for 'interrupt' from the following : (a) current (b) disrupt (c) erase Ans. The correct synonym for 'interrupt' is : 'disrupt'. (3) 1. Which files should the customer click on and copy them to 'MYHEART' directory? Ans. The customer should click on and copy the following files to the 'MYHEART' directory : FORGIVESELF.COM, SELFESTEEM.TXT, REALIZEWOETH.TXT and GOODNESS.DOC. 2. What do you understand from the phrase 'Got it. Hey !'? Ans. 'Hey !' is an expression to indicate 'Happiness' or 'Satisfaction'. Here after receiving the files, the customer happy and exclaims 'Got it, Hey !'