Infinity-Science

🌒Asteroid Belt🌘 ✨The asteroid belt is located at a distance on 2.1 to 3.3 AU from the sun and contains many thousand of objects, of which some 30,000 have been individually identified. ✨Scientists believe that the main belt asteroids are planetesimals left over from the formation of the Solar system. They were prevented from clumping together into a rock planet by the gravity of the massive gas planet Jupiter. ✨Only one of the main belt asteroids, (4)Vesta, is bright enough to be seen with the unaided eye. ✨Ida is one of the asteroids photographed by the Galileo space probe. It has an irregular shape, 56*24*21 km, and is the only asteroid known to have its own natural satellite, Dactyl. ✨A tiny asteroid, Dsctyl measures just one kilometre in diameter and orbits Ida at a distance of about 100 km. ✨At the end of the 1990s, the NEAR mission (Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous) targeted two other asteroids, (253) Mathilde and (433) Eros. ✨The spacecraft survived both asteroids from orbit before landing on the surface of Mathilde in 2001. ✨The Trojan asteroid are located at the outer edge of the main belt in two groups that are at 60 degree to both the Sun and Jupiter. ✨The first Trojan to be discovered was named Achilles in 1906. Many Trojan asteroids are named after warriors from the ancient Greek tales of the Trojan wars. ✨In addition to the Trojans, some other asteroids also orbit in groups that are known as Hirayama families. ✨These groups are believed to be the remnants of the larger asteroids that were smashed to pieces by collisions. @LAQMC

🌘Asteroids🌒 ✨Lump of rock that orbit the sun are called asteroids. They are known as minor planets. ✨Most asteroids are in asteroid belt, which lies between Mars and Jupiter. Some distant asteroids are made of ice and orbit beyond Neptune. ✨There are more than one million asteroids bigger than one kilometres across. More than 200 asteroids are more than 200 km across. ✨A few asteroids come near Earth. These are called Near Earth Objects(NEOs). ✨Asteroids were once known as minor planets and new discoveries are recorded by the Minor Planets Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, which has given each one unique catalogue number in addition to any name. ✨Small asteroids are burnt up by the Earth's atmosphere everyday. The chances of a big one colliding with us and destroying the Earth are remote. ✨The first asteroid to be discovered was Ceres in 1801. It was detected by Giuseppi Piazzi, one of the Celestial Police, whose mission was to find a 'missing' planet. ✨At 940 km across and 0.0002 percent of the Earth's mass, Ceres is the biggest asteroid. ✨Two of the main belt asteroids, (951) Gaspra and (243) Ida, were measured and Photographed during a flyby of Galileo spacecraft in 1993. ✨About every 50 million years, the Earth is hit by an asteroid measuring more than 10 km across. @LAQMC

🌔The Martian Moons🌖 ✨Mars has two small moons: Phobos, which is about 27 km in diameter, and Deimos which is only about 15 km across. They have so little gravity that an astronaut could leap off them and into space using muscle power alone. ✨American astronomer Asaph Hall(1829-1907) discovered the Martian moons in 1877. Hall was director of the US Naval Observatory and later became professor at Harvard. ✨Phobos and Demos are highly irregular in shape. They have every appearance of being asteroids that were formed when the solar system was created and were subsequently captured by Mars' gravity. ✨Both moons follow very low regular orbits around the planet. Demos is at an average distance of about 23,500 km, while Phobos orbit less than 6000 km above Mars's surface. ✨When viewed from the surface of mars, phobos rises in the west and sets in the east twice each Martian day. ✨Large impact craters caused by meteorites mark the surface of Phobos. The largest(named stuckney) is 10 km in diameter and extends across almost one-third of the moon's surface. ✨The meteorite craters on Deimos have mostly been filled with dust and broken rock and none are more than 3 km across. ✨Due to its extremely low Orbit, Phobos is being gradually slowed by Mars's gravity and its falling towards Mars's surface at a rate of 18 m per century. Phobos will crash in to the surface of Mars in about 40 million years. ✨Hall named the largest crater on Phobos to honor his wife(stickney was her birth name), because she encourage him to carry on looking for Martian moons when he was on the point of giving up his search. @LAQMC

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Sean Carroll: The Biggest Ideas in the Universe | 6. Spacetime